Skip to main content

Full text of "Sprague's journal of Maine history"

See other formats 












S • * /■ > ■* ' 










-2 



^^s- 












0^ :v 






,0 






y 



'■„^. 



■M 



kV 



.^ 



V 



SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 




Falmouth Hotel 
J. J. POOLER, 

Proprietor, 

Portland, Maine. 

European and American Plan, 



50,000 Horse Power 

AVAILABLE FOR INDUSTRIES IN CENTRAL MAINE 

Central Maine Power Co. 

Offices at Augusta, Gardiner, Waterville, Skowhegan, 
Pittsfield and Dexter. 



CONTENTS 

An Address Delivered by Honoral)le Clarence Hale, - 8 

Tombstone Inscriptions from Gorham, - - - - 13 

Notes on Colonial Penobscot, - - - - - 17 

Vital Statistics, ___ gg 

New Maine Books, ----.._ g^ 

Prologue, -------._ 25 

Notes and Fragments, ---___ gg 

Resolve in Favor of Abbot Soldiers, - - - - - 30 

Soldiers' Graves in Elmwood Cemetery, - - - 31 

Historical Societies, ------- 32 

Piscatac^uis Centennials, ------ 32 

American Names of Places in Maine, - - - - 33 

Brief Notes on the Early Settlement of Bangor, - - 33 

Commodore Samuel Tucker, - - - - _ 35 

The Anti-Slavery Movement in Maine, - - - 38 




Tlw Old ]5unih;un Tavern, Machias, Maine, which was built 
in the \ear 1770, on the southern bank of the'Machias River, and 
is one ot" the few reniaininc," Colonial mansions that have echoed the 
ij,-uns of The American Strui>;<i;le for Indei)endence, 

The first naval battle of the Revolution was fought in Machias 
Bay where Captain Jeremiah O'Brien and his brave crew captured 
the British armed schooner, the "Margaretta. "' 

In tliis house the wounded in battle were sheltered and cared 
for. 



^ 



John I'Vancis Sprague's Books 



Pisfutaciiiis Bioj?raphy and Frag- 

nu'iits. " Si. 00 

Sebastian Kale, a Maine Trag- 
edy of the IStli Century. $1.00 

The North Eastern Boundary 
Controversy and the Aroos- 
took War, $1.23 

Aecitlental Shootinju; in tlie Game 

Season , . 2,5 

Backwoods Sketches. $1.00 

Also Piscatiuiuis Historical So- 
ciety Collections, Vol. I. .$2.00 

Any of the above named books will be 
sent postpaid upon receipt of the 
])rice. 

A. J. HUSTON, 

i)-2 I'lxchange St., Portland, Maine. 



S. G. SANFORD & SO^^ 
Livery and Sales Stable 

Stylish Rigs, Horses, CarriaggSj-^ 
Sleighs, Harness and Robes. 



LARGEST REPOSITORY 
IN EASTERN MAINE. 

Teams to and from all trains. 
Summer Street, near M. C. R. R. Station, 

Foxcroft, Maine. 
Phone 92-2. 



We have positive evidence of the reliability of the advertisers on these pages 



/ 



Sprague's Journal of Maine History 

Vol. I APRIL, 1913 No. 1 



An Address Delivered by the Honorable 
Clarence Hale' 

at the Centennial Celebration of the First Congregational Church 
at Ellsworth, Maine, September 12, 1912. 

Mil. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen of Ellsworth : 

It is a great honor, and it is certainly a very great pleasure, 
to be with my friends in Ellsworth, and in this church, with my 
old friends, my life-long friends, to help celebrate its one hundredth 
birthday. 

At this celebration jour pastor has asked me to speak of the 
influence of Congregationalism in its development in New England. 
It was a thoughtful German student who began his book upon 
Travels in the East by saying that he had never been there. I 
fear I have not much better fitting to speak on this great subject, 
so fitly suggested on this occasion. It would be much more ad- 
equately presented by Mr. Mathews, your pastor, who is well 
known throughout the State as a thorough student of church his- 
tory, or by some other clergyman whose life has been spent in 
church studies. I am glad however to present such aspects of the 
subject as seem clear and perhaps almost obvious to the mind of 
the layman. I am going to approach the subject along the road 
which leads by this church and through the city of Ellsworth, a 
city I have loved all my life. Let us take a passing look at the 
picture of the founding of this church a hundred years ago, and at 
the setting of the picture in Ellsworth, and in the State. Ells- 
worth had been an incorporated town only twelve years. The first 
settlers came here in 1763, when Governor Sullivan, in his his- 
tory, says there were only about ten thousand people in the Maine 
district. They came from Richmond's Island, Biddeford, Scarboro 
and Falmouth, and made their homes upon L'^nion River. Melatiah 
Jordan, one of the founders of this church, came at that time. 
Theodore Jones came then and settled upon the Milliken lot, where 
this church now stands, and where the whole of the village was 

(a) Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maine. 



I 

4 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

afterwards built. I have seen the plan made by Mr, Deane in 1810, 
which shows the houses and lots. During the same 3ear there was 
tried at C'astine, the shire of the count}', the case of Jarvis vs. 
Jones, involving the title of what was afterwards the village of 
Ellsworth. Ellsworth did not become the shire town of the county 
until 1838. 

Castine had represented the civilization of this part of the 
country ; she was held by the British two years later when this 
church was established, and from September, 1814, to April, 1815. 
The British had held it before from 1779 to 1783, during the Rev- 
olution. Previous to that time Castine — and in fact the Avhole 
civilization of this vicinity — had been a French civilization ; broken 
only by a Puritan settlement at Castine from 16^9 to 1635. 

The only county road wdien this church was formed had been 
laid out but a few years before from Surrey to Ellsworth, and on 
to Sullivan. The county was new, Hancock and Washington 
Counties were taken from Lincoln County in 1789. Cumberland 
and Lincoln ha\ ing been formed in 1760, and taken from York 
County, which embraced the whole Gorges domain, by the Massa- 
chusetts Bay Charter. In 1691 York extended over what is now 
the whole of the State. And these five counties made up Maine. 
This was the State that appears upon the map in Governor Sulli- 
\an's history of Maine, published in 1795. 

In the very year when Ellsworth was settled, the treaty of 
Paris had been made, which closed the door of French contention 
and settled forever the fear of Indian depredations in the Maine 
towns. Let us look at what was happening in this year of 1812; 
Caleb Strong was governor. This town sent Moses Adams as its 
representative to the general court. It had sent but one repre- 
sentative before, and that was John Peters, Jr. Only four more 
followed before Maine became a State ; George Herbert, John G. 
Deane, Jesse Dutton and Charles Jarvis. Maine was a wilderness 
with here and there a settlement. There were no cities, Portland 
was a village, set off from Falmouth in 1786, and was not made a 
city until 1832. The whole country was in a state of melancholy, 
and almost of collapse. The shadow of the old embargo was upon it. 
Therew as what Woodrow Wilson, in his history, called "an un- 
looked for disorder of parties and a bewildering reversal of every 



AN ADDRESS BY HON. CLARENCE HALE 5 

matter of policy." He calls the war against Great Britain, which 
had just been declared in June, "a clumsy, foolhardy and haphazard 
war;" although providentially it proved to be a supplementary war 
of independence, establishing the union of the states and their com- 
plete freedom from Great Britain. I wish I had time to tell the 
story of the men of Ellsworth of that day. I can speak of only two 
or three: Melatiah Jordan of this church was the great-great- 
grandson of Rev. Robert Jordan, the first Jordan in this country; 
the second clergyman of the church of England, who came to Maine 
under Gorges. Richard Gibson was the first, but he remained only 
two or three years, so that Robert Jordan is the first clergyman 
who made a distinct career in Maine. His ancestors were men of 
prominence in England. He himself was graduated from Balliol 
College, Oxford; ordained at Exeter, and settled in Spurwink in 
1640. He became one of the governing magistrates of Maine un- 
der Gorges. His son Dominicus was one of the trustees to whom 
the town of Falmouth was deeded in 1684. He was a great Indian 
fighter, and was killed by the Indians in 1708. Melatiah's father, 
Samuel, lived in Biddeford; graduated from Harvard College in 
1750; was selectman of the town and representative to the general 
court. After Melatiah went to the Union River, he served in the 
militia in the Revolutionary War. In 1789 he became the first col- 
lector of customs in Frenchman's Bay district, and held the ofKce 
until his death in December, 1818. A Maine historian says he 
was a magistrate, lieutenant colonel of militia, and for 3-ears the 
most prominent man in his community. He was a man of un- 
questioned integrity, and a born leader of men. He married 
Elizabeth Jellerson of Ellsworth, in 1776; Salh^ his seventh child, 
married Andrew Peters. From Melatiah Jordan came a line of good 
men and women who have helped to make the history of Maine, 
and to make Ellsworth memorable. The list includes two chief 
justices of Maine. I am indebted to Fritz H. Jordan, a descendant 
of Robert Jordan, and a member of the Historical Societ}', for 
many historical details, touching Melatiah Jordan. John G. Deane 
was a descendant of the Pilgrims; he was a graduate of Brown 
University of the class of 1806; he came to this town in 1810 to 
practice law ; he was the chairman of the selectmen the year after 
this church was formed. His son, Llewellyn Deane, gives a glowing 



6 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



})icture of his fatlier, aiul one of some of the Ellsworth people of 
that dav. John G. Deane was a most useful citizen, a oood lawyer, 
an unusually able man. He had the most knowledge on the sub- 
iect of the northeastern boundar\- of any man of his time. Letters 
from Go\ernor Washburn and others show their appreciation of his 
labors in settling this great question, which was of vital interest to 
Maine. Mr. Deane has also a very interesting note from Colonel 
John Black. He savs: "Sometime prior to my father's settle- 
ment in Ellsworth. John Black, a young Englishman, settled there 
as a deput\- agent of the Bingliam heirs, who owned very extensive 
tracts of land in Hancock and AVashington Counties, called in com- 
mon phrase 'The Bingham Purchase." The acquaintance between 
these two young men ripened into a strong and enduring friendship, 
which lasted, uninterrupted, till my father's death. 'Colonel" Black 
was the name by which he was familiarly known. He was not only 
one of the best business men ever known in Maine, but he was finely 
educated and accomplished in the elegant attainments peculiar to 
the higher classes in the land of his birth. He was a good drafts- 
man and an amateur painter of no mean skill. Though not large 
in stature he was very noticeable in appearance and in his personal 
address he was graceful and polite and possessed of most courtly 
manners. 

"In all respects he was a noble man and a most excellent 
gentleman. 

"His management of the great trust of the Bingham estate 
was characterized by the strictest diligence and fidelit}^ as well as 
the most scrupulous honesty." 

This town and this church ha\ e always held Colonel Black and 
his descendants in honor and affection. An interesting account of 
liiiH is found in the Maine Historical Society archives in a volume 
of the Maine Historical Magazine. The magazine contains also a 
fine picture illustrating his conunanding presence and striking face. 

I should like to speak in much greater detail, and with more 
personal mention, of the men who ft)unded Ellsworth ; the ancestors 
of so many now in this presence. At the end of a century, they 
stand out more clearly and sharply than e\er in our imagination 
and in our hearts. 1 hope they all know that their works have 
lived after them. I hope Melatiah Jordan and John Black, and 



AN ADDRESS BY HON. CLARENCE HALE 7 

tlie other noble men wlioni we commemorate, can look down over 
the ^reat battlements and see the <;-o{)dly line of their sons and 
daughters, to the third and fourth and fifth generations, as they 
pass across the little span of one hundred years. More than pass- 
ing word ought to be said about the individuality and sterling 
qualities of these early settlers and their sons. Thev had that 
rarest kind of wisdom which Dr. Hyde described as that which 
appreciates the point of view of the people with wliom it comes in 
contact; which instinctively takes into account the subtle condi- 
tions making up any social situation. This people have always 
had this practical wisdom, this abiding common sense. These men 
have never been described more fittingly than by an honored 
son of Ellsworth, and of this church, Mr. Henry Crosby Emery. 
He saj's : 

"This people treasured their own ideas and methods of life, 
not always knowing how they differed from those of the great world, 
and in no case caring much. Whether their standards were better 
or worse they were independently arrived at, and they were applied 
to all men ; to themselves and the stranger within their gate. 
Whether rich or poor, learned or ignorant, famous or obscure, the 
visitor is welcomed on terms of equality if he measures up to the 
local standard and left with serene indifference if he does not. 
And so it is among themselves. There are no sharp distinctions 
of wealth, no large cities, no gulfs between neighbors. Their chief 
sources of wealth are the forest and the sea, those two grim de- 
stroyers of all artificial distinctions. Added to these characteris- 
tics is a rough charity which while not always avoiding a rather 
brutal condemnation of what offends, still grants migrudging credit 
to what is \\()rthy, and judges a man by the best that he can show 
and not the worst. 

"The men of the coast, furthermore, possess that strange 
serenity of temper which comes from wrestling with the sea. They 
learn early the lesson that impatience and fretfulness are of no 
avail. The wind bloweth where it listeth and when it listeth, it 
brings the fog or drives it away, regardless of man's purposes. 
And so they learn to face all vicissitudes of life with a serene 
fortitude born of hard experience." 

There was abundant reason why the men of this section should 



8 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

be the kind of men Mr. Emeiy has pictured; they were born to be 
remembered. 

I have ah'eady told you whence they came. They were the 
products of two great civilizations. They were the descendants of 
the British Royalists who, under Gorges, came to Richmond's 
Island in the last days of the Stuarts, they were the sons, too, of 
the Puritans who a few years later came from Massachusetts Bay to 
Maine; and so they were of the blood of the men, who with 
Cromwell, and in the Revolution, laid the foundation of England's 
representative government. 

These two elements met and mingled in Maine; their tj'pe 
shows markedly in the men who came to the Union Ri\"er. I shall 
s})eak a little more in detail of this mingling of blood in Maine. 

But I must now hold to my Ellsworth story of one hundred 
years ago. This church was foi'med at the transition stage in 
church history. The Unitarian element was just going off from 
the Congregational church; Parson Smith, the great Portland 
minister of his time, had just died in 1795, after a ministry of 
sixty-eight years. 

I speak of him with some detail, because he is the type of the 
minister of his time. Rev. Dr. John Carroll Perkins has given an 
nteresting analysis of his character. He describes him as not re" 
markable for learning, nor of unusual intellectual powers, nor 
of very fine spiritual insight; but a natural leader. In the midst 
of his work in the church, he found time to attend to business, and 
to acquire an estate ; so that when Movvatt destroyed the town. 
Parson Smith {)reached for years without salary. He kept up his 
association with Boston, and with Harvard, going back and forth 
by sloop or on horseback several times a year. 

Let us look for a moment into his meeting house. No clergy- 
man then read the scriptures in the meeting house except for 
exegesis. 

The clergyman could read passages of the scripture and 
comment upon them ; but he could not read them as a part of the 
service. 

Such reading was regarded as a part of the liturgy, and as 
saxoring of I^piscopacy. The Congregational service consisting 



AN ADDRESS BY HON. CLARENCE HALE 9 

principally of the prayer and the sermon was not there})y unduly 
cut short. 

Often in Parson Smith's diary we find this comment after 
morning service: "A very full meeting, I was much enlarged and 
had most extraordinary assistance; was an hour and a half in 
prayer. ' ' 

The beginning of Parson Smith's ministry takes us far back 
into Colonial times, and to the ministry of Increase Mather of 
Boston, who, says Rev. Dr. Perkins, was the supreme example of 
the pastor of the age before Parson Smith. He guided the relig- 
ious administration of New England. He was president of Harvard 
College for fifteen years after 168-5. These two great ministries, 
that of Increase Mather and that of Parson Smith, bring us 
down to the transition age at the beginning of the nineteenth 
century. 

Edward Payson was settled over the Second Parish church in 
Portland in 1807; Unitarianism was just arriving in Maine. In 
1808, Rev. John Codman was called to Boston to preach as an as- 
sociate pastor to Dr. Deane at the Eirst Parish ; but Dr. Codman 
proved to be of the Calvinistic school, as Dr. Payson was. By this 
time the Congregational church in Portland had become ripe for 
division. Although called by the church Dr. Codman was voted 
down by the parish; and Mr. Nichols was called. In speaking of 
this era of Unitarianism, John A. Goodwin, a student of church 
history, has said: 

"Near the close of the eighteenth century, the intense Cal- 
vinism of the standing order of churches was repulsive to many 
Massachusetts people including not a few of the clergy. Had the 
Congregationalism of today ruled at that time, no great division 
would then have taken place; and so two centuries earlier, if the 
Church of England had been what she now is, the great Puritan 
uprising would not have occurred.""' 

But the obvious suggestion is that this is trying to write his- 
tory over again, what no man has been able to do. 

The going off of the Unitarians was followed by a reaction. 
There was what was called a "great re-awakening" under Dr. 
Payson, 

The times of Whitefield were revived. While Parson Smith 



10 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

had been a c'()nservati\ e Trinitarian, mild in his reho'ious notions, 
Edwai'd Tayson was the religious progressive of his time. Willis 
savs of him : "He at once showed the elements of a powerful and 
persuasive minister. His society and church became by far the 
largest in the State, and himself the most popular preacher of his 
time.** 

The memory of his sermons still remain in Portland as a his- 
tory ami a tradition. His pictures of the doom of the sinner were 
such that whole congregations went weeping from the church. 

When you read his sermons today you can see his great power; 
but the sermons were not of the kind that are now preached in 
Congregational churches. In the volume t)f his published sermons, 
some of the leading titles ai"e : — "'The Terrible Doom of the Sin- 
ner,'* "'The Extreme Difficulty of Escaping the Damnation of 
Hell." At the beginning of his ministi'v, he was an assistant to 
Dr. Elijah Kellogg of the second Parish. In his history of Port- 
land, Willis records the fact that Dr. Kellogg preached in the 
morning, and Dr. Payson preached in the afternoon; and Willis 
makes this foot note: *'One of the converts, a man of some dis- 
tinction, observed: 'Dr. Kellogg gets the sinner down in the 
morning, and in the afternoon Dr. Payson comes and jumps on 
him.' " 

Dr. Payson was the great preacher of Maine when this Ells- 
worth church was formed. He continued to preach until his death 
in 1827. 

I do not know where there can be found a better type of the 
minister of this generation which succeeded Dr. Pajson, than in the 
life of the l{ev. Dr. Tenney, for so long a time the beloved pastor of 
this church. His forty years with this people is enough to dignif}^ 
and almost glorify the church at Ellsworth. He was a fitting 
successor of the Pilgrim and of the Puritan. He was the lixing 
type of what the Congregationalist minister should be. He had the 
best qualities that characterized Parson Smith. He had all the 
kindliness and helpfulness that made for righteousness, for the good 
of his people. Few clergymen had so long a career as Dr. Tenney ; 
vei-y few could do the good he did. Rut the Congregational 
churches of that generation were fortunate in ha\ing some of 
that type; men who projected the Congregationalism of Massa- 



AN ADDRESS BY HON. CLARENCE HALE 11 

chusetts Bay into Maine, and down to the present time; men who 
foHowed tlie growth and the needs of the people of their dav and 
generation. We have taken a passing glance at four great Congre- 
gational ministers: Di-. Tenney, Dr. Payson, Parson Smith and 
Increase Mather. They may be taken each as the type of his time. 
Their service in the Congregational church as I have just stated it 
reversely in the order of time, brings us back to the earliest Colon- 
ial times when New England life began, and I do not know how 
I can better illustrate the Congregationalism of three hundred 
years ago than by these four great lives. 

History cannot arbitrarily di\ ide itself. John Eisk has made 
this most interesting comment upon our history: "That while 
New England is sometimes spoken of as a new country ; its history 
is in fact, the story of an old country. Our towns have a history 
that takes us back to the time of James I." 

As I have just now suggested, the first pictui-e of Maine life is 
not the Puritan picture; it presents the history of men of the 
world. Royalists; members of the English Church ; men who hated 
the Mayflower Pilgrims, and repudiated the Puritan exodus ten 
3'ears later to IVIassachusetts Bay. The founder of Maine, Eerdi- 
nando Gorges, was an English churchman. The grant to him of 
the lands of Maine was intended as a protest against Puritanism. 
The King enjoined upon him little else than the establishment of 
an Episcopal religion within his pro\ince. Men whom Gorges 
sent in 1639 to Richmond's Island, and to the remote wilderness 
"bounded on the westward by Piscataway Harbor" formed the first 
government of Maine. We have already seen that one hundred 
and twenty-five years later the descendants of these men came to 
the Union River; but long before Melatiah Jordan and the others 
came here, the Stuart regime in Maine had given wa}' to a Puritan 
civilization. About the time the protectorate of Cromwell ceased 
the Massachusetts Bay colony bought out the Gorges interest 
from his heirs, paying £1250; and in 1692 the Province Charter 
fixed the status of Massachusetts in its control of the District of 
Maine. 

Immediately after this, there came from Massachusetts an in- 
fusion of Puritans and Congregationalists. They were of the best 
people of England. They had come over from Dorset, Lincoln- 



V2 SPKAGUES JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

shiiv ami Devon between 1630 and 1650. The}' had left their 
homes at a time when Puritanism had become powerful. They 
never suffered persecution ; they belonged to the higher classes of 
societv. The men who came to Maine from Massachusetts Bay 
were of tlu- best people of England. They were men who repre- 
sented English Congregationalism. These two strains of blood, 
then, entered into Maine life; the blood of the Royalists under 
Gorges, the best element of the English church, and the infusion 
from Massachusetts Bay, the best type of Puritan life. As I have 
shown, these two elements came to Ellsworth and to this church. 

The Puritans and Congregationalists of the Massachusetts 
Bay colony were men who had sej)arated from the English church 
because they insisted on the right of individual choice in the matter 
of religion. The}' did not believe in the church dictating the kind 
of religion that the individual should have. In Scotland, too, the 
Puritan had separated from the Presbyterian organization because 
the Presbytery had prescribed for him the ceremonies and discipline 
which he should have as an individual. In the reign of Elizabeth, 
the Separatists were few, and were easily dri\en out by the State; 
but under the Stuarts they multiplied. We must remember that 
then religion was politics, and politics was religion. The leading 
difference in results between the two rival religious systems was that 
the Catholics had burned heretics, while Elizabeth hung the pro- 
gressives who progressed beyond the well established Protestant 
pale. The world then knew of conversions to Christianity only as 
political conversions. Heiny \'III converted his people to Prot- 
estanlism (m iiuts.sc; just as Hem-y IV had coAerted his people to 
Catholicism in France; and just as every Christian monarch had done 
before them. The whole theory of religion in the world up to that 
time was religion as a part of the State ; it was from this that the 
Separatists sei)arated. It was on the idea of individual independ- 
ence. This was the teaching of the Puritan. This was the teach- 
ing of ilie Englisli Congregationalist ; his work of religious inde- 
pendence ])roceeded in e({ual lines in America under the Puritans, 
and under Cromwell in England. 

They were the bi-ethren of Cromwell who fled to Holland for 
freedom and crossed the sea to lay the foundation of American 
ci\i]ization. 



TOMBSTONE INSCRIPTIONS FROM GORHAM 13 

It was the same work of English speaking people in two lands. 
The Colonists who came to Cape Cod held themselves not to be sin- 
gle fugitives, but a body politic ; and they brought out this idea 
clearly in the instrument subscril)ed at Cape Cod in 1620. They 
regarded the State as an oi'dinance of God ; the State was to unfold 
itself within the church. And so afterwards it was resolved in the 
general court at Boston by the Massachusetts Bay colony that for 
the future "No one shall be admitted to the freedom of its body 
politic, unless he be a member of the same church within the limits 
of the same. ' * 

The recent compendium of religion quotes from a church his- 
tory of almost two hundred years ago. I cite the whole passage 
because it illustrates that when I am talking about the Puritans, 
I am talking about Congregationalists ; and that when I am talking 
about what Puritanism has done, I am speaking certainly in the 
broad sense of what Congregationalism has done. 

And so, as I have said, the Puritan church was a Congrega- 
tional church. It was the State church. It took generations to 
dissolve it from the State ; and to separate the two notions. 



Tombstone Inscriptions From Gorham 

Collected and Contributed by Edgar Crosby Smith 

Among the many interesting and historical old burying 
grounds scattered through the older towns of Maine, "The Old 
Yard" at Gorham is prominent. 

This cemetery is situated on South Street in Gorham Village, 
and was donated to the town in 1770 b}' Jacob Hamblen. It was 
originally a part of lot 16, his homestead farm. 

The following are copied inscriptions from some of the tomb- 
stones and monuments : 



14. SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



In Memory of 

Hon. David Harding 

Born in Wellfleet, Mass. 

March 14, 1762 

Died in Gorham 

January 10, 1831. 

He was one of the founders 
of the Gorham Academy, 
and for many years 
represented the Town 
in the General Court of 
Massachusetts, enjoying the 
confidence and respect 
of all who knew him 

Temperance Harding 

wife of 

Hon. David Harding 

Born in Barnstable, Mass. 

November 11, 1760 

Died in Gorham 

Aug. 29, 1810 

They were descended 
from the Pilgrim Fathers 
of the May Flower 

^ * ^ :i< H« 

In memor}' of the 
Hon. William Gorham 
Esq. Obt. July 22, 1804 
Mi 61 
Beloved in life as a man of 
strict integrity 
warm & generous benevolence, 
8c unshaken friendship : 
as a Magistrate, 
inflexibly just : 
as a husband Si. parent, 
tender Sc affectionate : 
as a christian, 
meek & lowly. 

* * sN 



TOMBSTONE INSCRIPTIONS FROM GORHAM 15 



Mrs. 

Temperance Gorham 

the virtuous consort 

of the Hon William 

Gorham Esq. 

was interd here 

April 14, 1788. 

.Et 43. 



Sacred 
to the memory of 

The Hon. 
Stephen Longfellow 

who was born 

August 13, 1750 

and died 

May 28, 1824 

As a man, a christian and a judge, he 
was highly respected for his intelligence, 
integrity and independence. 

* * * 

Sacred 

to the memory of 

Mrs. Patience Longfellow 

wife of the 

Hon. Stephen Longfellow 

She was born December 5, 1745 

and died August 12, 1830 

Blessed are the dead that die in the Lord 

* * * 

(Note. The two foregoing were grandparents of the poet Longfellow.) 

Sacred 

to the memory of 

Col. Samuel Longfellow 

who was born July 30, 1789 

and died October 18, 1818 

"Our hearts are fastened to this world 
By strong and numerous ties : 
But every sorrow cuts a string, 
And urges us to rise" 

* * * 



16 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



In memory of 

Dr. Nathaniel Bowman 

Who was Killed 

on the 18th da}^ of Jmie A. D. 1797, 

by the falling of the Meeting House 

of the 1st Parish in Gorhani. 

M 30 yrs. 

* * * 

In 

memory of 

Edmund Phinney 

who was a 

Col. in the revolutionary war 

died 

Dec. 15, 1815 

Mi 85 

I know that my Redeemer liveth 

^ ^ ^ 

Reader, 
this marble speaks no common loss, 
it guards the remains of one, whose 
da}' closed in its dawning. 
Sylvester, son of Soloman and 
Joanna Reynolds, of Southport, Tioga 
Co. N. Y.^Ob. Sept 4, 1826, Mi 29. 

By foreign hands thy dying eyes were clos'd 
By foreign hands thy decent limbs compos'd 
}]y foreign hands thy humble grave adorn'd 
By strangers honored, and by strangers mourn'd 



(Note. Reynolds was a clown w ith a circus M'hich was exhibiting at Gor- 
hani in 1896, at the time of the accident Mhich caused his death. He was 
performing a buriesciue trapeze act, and fell, receiving injuries from M'hich he 
died four days later. The circus sent back a delegation to attend the funeral 
and burial, and a subscription was taken among the members of the troupe to 
defray the expenses and erect this tablet. 

He was a young man, well known and esteemed in his profession and his 
tragic death was the cause of circust's cutting Gorham off their routes for about 
thirty years. The memory of Reynolds is still kej)t green among the people of 
the sawdust ring, and today a circus rarely visits Portland that does not send a 
delegation to Gorham to decorate the grave, and at times quite an extended 
memorial service has been held at the cemetery.) 

* * * 



NOTES ON COLONIAL PENOBSCOT IT 



Here lies 
Neptune Stephenson 

a pious man, 
died Au(,^ 9, l8i24 

Mt 44 

(Note. He was a freed slave who settled in Gorham after the emancipation 
of the Massachusetts slaves.) 

* * * 

I subjoin the following inscription taken from the "New 
Yard," now called the Eastern Cemetery, situated on Main Street, 
in Gorham Village. 

Prince 
A slave, whom the first 
William McLellan 
of Gorham 
bought in Portland, Me. 
and paid for in Shooks. 
Prince drove the team to 
draw them. He ran away 
and enlisted on Capt. 
Manley's Privateer 
and was discharged in Boston, 
came back, was freed, given 
1 acres of land, and a pension. 
Died 1829, over 100 y's old. 

His Wives 
Dinah Chloe 

died died 

1800 1827 

(Note. This calls to mind the almost forgotten fact that slavery at one time 
existed in the State of Maine. Prince's grave must have been one of the very 
first in the yard, as the land was not used for cemetery purposes imtil about the 
time of his death.) 



Notes on Colonial Penobscot 

The Penobscot, or eastern section of Maine was, as it is well 
understood, one of the first portions of the new world visited by the 
early English explorers. 

It went by various names, among them being Agoucy and 



18 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Norumbeo-ue, which latter name has in recent times been changed 
to Norombega. 

The arm of the sea which runs up to the town of Penobscot 
between Brooksville and Castine, and which divided ancient Penta- 
goet into two nearly equal parts and which is now known by the 
name of Bagaduce River, was formerly known as Matchebignatus. 

The origin of this name is somewhat in doubt although it was 
undoubtedh' an Indian word. In 1760 it was called Baggadoose ; 
during the Revolution, ^Vlaja-bagaduce. Williamson asserts that it 
was named for a French officer, Major Bigayduce, but subsequently 
says that it might have been derived from Marchebagaduce, which 
he considers an Indian word meaning "No good cove.'" 

A tradition once existed among the Penobscot tribe that the 
upsetting of a canoe full of Indians at some remote period caused 
great sorrow and distress and hence the word has been thought by 
some to signify a place of sorrow. '^ 



November 20, 1700, John Crowne by petition and memorial, ^ 
to the "Lords and Commissioners for Trade and Plantations"' of 
England claimed to own tlie entire Penobscot Countr}' described in 
his petition as follows: "That your petitioner is rightfull Proprie- 
tor of Penobscot, and other lands in America lying westward of Nova 
Scotia ; from the river Machias on the East to the river Musconcus 
on the West bordering on the Pemaquid. ' ' 

He claimed title by inheritance as the eldest son of William 
Crowne, then deceased. This memorial is a Aaluable historical 
document and recites much of the controversy regarding various 
contentions about these titles between the French Governor, 
D'Aulney, Sir Charles La Tour and others to the Penobscot region. 
La Tour, by a deed dated September 20, 1656, conveyed his Penob- 
scot title to Thomas Temple and William Crowne who left England 
and went to the Penobscot and took possession of their estate. 

Not long after their arrival Temple and Crowne divided their 
property by deed dated Septeml)er 12, 1657; Temple taking the 
Nova Scotia lands and Crowne the Penobscot lands. 

(a) Whcfler's History of Castine, p. 15. 

(b) Documentary History of Maine, (Baxter's Mss.) Vol. 10, page 7-t. 



NOTES ON COLONIAL PENOBSCOT 19 

Then the memorial recites that "the said William Crowne 
tooke possession of Penobscot, dwelt in it and built a considerable 
trading house some leagues up the river, at a place anciently called 
the Negue ; but by himself, Crowne's point," 

In 1662, Temple and Crowne both returned to England and 
"had a hearing before King Charles, the Second, and the Lords and 
others of his Majesty es most honoi'able Privy Councell then in be- 
ing." And it is averred that the result of this hearing was that 
their titles were adjudged to be \aYid and that they were "per- 
mitted to return and repossess'em, which the}' did." 

Thomas Temple was created by the king a baronet of Nova 
Scotia and commissioned to be governor. Then follows this alle- 
gation : "Sir Thomas Temple, being once more governor, 
oppress'd the said William Crowne ; and forc'd from him a lease, of 
Penobscot, and all the lands belonging to it ; for a rent far short of 
the value ; and two considerable rich New England merchants, 
were bound for the payment of ye I'ent and for very good reason, 
for they farm'd, all the said lands of Sr. Thomas Temple; but 
neither they nor Sr. Thomas paved the said William Crowne a 
farthing rent. " 

It is not stated how or by what means Sir Thomas "oppress'd 
the said William Crowne," but he brought a legal action of some 
sort against Temple as appears by the following : 

"Then the said William Crowne sued'em before the Govern- 
ours of New England, but the Governours, and merchants being all 
brethren of one Independent congregation in Boston in New Eng- 
land, ye Governours protected their brethern in their dishonesty; 
and pretending the dispute was, about a title of lands, which lay 
out of their jurisdiction, they refus'd to give ye said William 
Crowne judgement, upon a bond made by their owne brethren, in 
their owne towne of Boston, nay they rejected a verdict given by 
one of their owne juryes, at the tryall, in behalfe of the said Wil- 
liam Crowne ; By vertue of the aforesaid partiall and corrupt judge- 
ment ; Sr. Thomas Temple, and the said merchants, enjoy'd the 
said William Crowne estate, and payd him nothing for it." 

This state of affairs existed until 1668 when King Charles 
ceded Nova Scotia to the French, and "sent a commissioner under 
the great scale, to Sir Thomas Temple to deliver it. " Then it says : 



20 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



"Sr. Thomas being at that time, in possession of Penobscot, and 
all the lands belonging to it, by vertue of the aforesaid lease, pre- 
sum'd to deliver'em all to the French, pretending they were a part 
of Nova Scotia; which he knew to be false, but they were the estate 
of the said William Crowne. Therefore to impoverish, and totally 
disable the said William Crowne, from following him to England, 
and sueing him there, for the many hundred pounds he owed him, 
for non-payment of rent, he gave up Penobscot, and all the lands 
belonging to it, to the French ; for which, when he came to Eng- 
land, King Charles sent him to ye Tower." 

This memorial had hardly been penned before the war of the 
Spanish Succession, or as American history calls it, "Queen Anne's 
War,*' was raging which lasted until 1713, when it terminated by 
the treaty of Utrecht (1713) which resulted in the cession of all of 
ancient Acadia by the French government to Great Britain. This 
included all of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, and as the English 
contended, all of the French possessions in Maine as well. This 
latter claim was, however, denied by the French and continued a 
matter of dispute between the two governments until AVolfe settled 
it all by capturing Quebec. 



Jeremiah Dummer, " the agent in England for the Massachu- 
setts Bay Colony, advocated to the lioard of Trade the propriety 
of colonizing disbanded soldiers on some of the lands "Eastward of 
the Kennebec River."' One of his letters urging this, addressed to 
"Mr. Secretary Addington," is dated at Whitehall, April 5, 
1715. Several other letters and memorials were addressed by him 
to the Board at different times of the same import. 

As all know, the claim of the Massachusetts Colony to anything 
east of the Kennebec was not sustained by the English govern- 
ment. 

The various memorials, petitions, letters and other documents 
pertaining to the subject are not only of historical value but some 
of them are entertaining as well. 

On June 6, 1717, Thomas Coram contributed to the conten- 
tion a memorial in answer to the statements of Dummer, in which 

(a) Documentary History of Maine, (Baxter's Mss. ) Vol. 9, p. 357. 



NOTES ON COLONIAL PENOBSCOT 21 

he had said that "near a third part of the said lands, viz: the 
tract lying between Penobscot and Kennebec was more than sixty 
years since purchased Bona Fide of the Indian Natives by Numbers 
of English People, with the consent of the Kings, Governors and 
Government from time to time & confirmed by grants from the 
Council of Plymouth. " 

"To which the underwritten Thomas Coram most humbly 
begs leave to make the following observation. 

"The inhabitants of the Massachusetts Bay in New England 
by their Charter from King Charles the first being limited to a 
Tract of land between Merrimack & Charles Rivers & three Miles 
each Side above one hundred miles distant from the nearest part of 
the land now in (Question, without permission from the Crown to 
settle in any other part of his Majtys Land or the Lands of the 
Indians. 

"It appears that to confirm any Settlement of Purchase made 
of Lands from the Indians, it was necessary to have his Majtys 
Authority, Nevertheless the New Englanders as well as others, 
Traders & fishermen tempted by the Conveniencys of the said Land 
to settle themselves thereon in the time of the unnatural Rebellion 
in Great Britain, when the King had no Govr there, practisd so 
with the Indian Natives of the Land now propos'd to be settled, 
that debauching them with strong Liquors they drew in the Indians 
to execute Deeds for large Quantities of Land, whether their own 
or his Majtys, without any valuable consideration for the same, 
knowing nothing of the Intents of those Writings. But when the 
Indians became sensible of the Deceit put upon them, they were so 
exasperated, that waging War with the New England Men, they 
destroy'd with fire & Sword, the Purchasers & their families by wch 
not only the said Land was laid desolate, as it remains to this da}', 
but many other Towns & Villages near it in New England have 
been laid waste, in revenge of the Deceit put upon them by those 
pretended Purchasers from time to time, who in truth cou'd not 
know whether the Persons signing their Deeds were the Possessors, 
or had the powers to dispose of those Lands." 



22 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



Vital Statistics 

From tlie Earl}^ Records of the Town of Monson, Maine 
Copy of Original Records 

Births and deaths which have happened in the famely of 
Soloniom Cushman and Harriet his wife, who were married in the 
town of Rumford, County of Oxford, State of Maine, by Rev. 
Daniel Gould July 4th, 1821. Solomom Cushman, born June 
22d, 1796. Harriet Adams, his wife, born August 30th, 1800. 
Mary Ann Cushman, born in Hebron, May 5th, 1823. Samuel 
]3orr Cushman, born in Hebron, February 10th, 1825. Solomon 
Francis Cushman, liorn November 18th, 1826. Charles Adams 
Cushman, born May 21st, A. D. 1829. 

Bearths and deaths which have happened in the famely of 
Chauncey S. Colton, and Emily H. Colton, his wife. Chauncey S. 
Colton, born Sept. 21st, 1800 in the State of Pennsylvania, 
County of Luzerne, town of Springfield. Emih' H. McClanathan, 
wife of Chauncey S. Colton, born May 19th, 1807, in the State of 
Mass. County of Worster, Town of Hubbardstown. Harriet S. 
Colton, born November 13, 1826, in State of Maine, county of 
Somerset, Town of Monson. Sarah M. Colton, born August 27, 
1828, in County of Somerset, State of Maine, Town of Monson. 

Bearths and Deaths which have happened in the family of An- 
drew Cushman and Anna, his wife, who were married in Hebron 
in the County of Oxford by V. Stowell, Esq., March 18th. 1804. 
Bearths. Andrew Cushman, born in Plympton, Mass. August 23, 
1773. Anna Nelson, wife of Andrew Cushman, born in Parris, 
July 27, 1786. Harriet Cushman, born in Falmouth, Feb. 6th, 
1805. Alexander Cushman, born in Falmouth, April 27th, 1807. 
Clement Cushman, born in Hebron August 15th, 1809. Nelson 
Cushman, born in Hebron, November 1st, 1811. Susan Cushman, 
born in Hebron, May 25th, 1814. Andrew Cushman, born in 
Hebron, Nov. 12th, 1816. Ann Cushman, born in Hebron, July 
20th, 1819. Charles Cushman, born in Monson, Me, Mav 7th, 



VITAL STATISTICS 23 



1823. Erastus Cushinan, bom in Monson, Me, January lOtli, 
1827. 

Dearths and deaths which happened in the family of ])ea. 
Abel Goodell, and Betsey Newell, his wife, who were married at 
Wilberryham, Massachusetts, April 19th, 1808, by the Rev. E/ra 
Witter. Dearths. Abel Goodel. Betsey Goodell, wife ot Abel 
Goodell. Children. A^"arren Newell Goodel was born at Monson, 
^Massachusetts, Feby. 2-ith, 1809. Betsey Goodel was born Jany 
27th, 1811. Marilla Goodell was born February 24th, 1813. 
Abel Edward Goodell was born April 21st, 1815. Nancy EmeJine 
Goodell was born April 16th, 1818. Olive Frances Goodell was 
born at Harmony (Me) October 5th, 1821. Lucinda Newell 
Goodell was born at Monson, Maine, October, 20th, 1824. 
Caroline Maria Goodell was born Jany '30th, 1827. 

Bearths and Deaths which have happened in the famelv of 
Austin Newell and Mary, his wife, who were married in January 
the 21st, 1822. Ikarths. Austin Newell was born in the Town 
of Monson, Massachusetts, October 17th, 1799. Mary Newell, 
wife of Austin Newell, was born in Mass. in the month of October 
SOth, 1799. Mary Frances Newell was born in Monson (Me) 
April 19th, 1823. AVilliam Emerson Newell was born February 
13th, 1825. Martha Burt Newell was born Nov. 5th, 1826. 

Bearths and Deaths which have happened in the famely of 
Joseph Barrett and Bethiah, his wife. Bearths. Joseph Barrett, 
born May 10th, A. D. 1779. Bethiah Rowe, wife of Joseph 
Barrett, born Feby. 12th, 1775. Delphina Barrett, born in 
Sumner, Feby. Ish, 1802. Alexander Barrett, boi-n June 26th, 
1803. Alvena Barrett, born September 30th, 1805. Horatio 
Barrett, born Sept. 11th, 1806. Ruth Wright Barrett, liorn 
May 20th, 1808. James Medison Barrett, born Nov. 28th, 1809. 
Martha Heald Barrett, born March 2d, 1811. Augusta Jane 
Barrett, born May 17th, 1812. Algernon Sidney Barrett, born 
March 21st. 1814. Stephen Decatur Barrett, born August 
15th, 1815. Mary Ann Barrett, born March 29th, 1817. Deaths. 
Mary Ann Barrett, Died November 3d, 1818. 

Bearths and Deaths which have happened in the famely of 
Issac Tyler and Ruby, his wife. Bearths. Isaac Tyler, born in 
Gloucester, Mass, December 25th, 1789. Ruby Nelson, wife of 



24 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Isaac Tyler, born in N. Gloucester, April 1st, 1797. Amos Horn 
Barbour born in Ripley (Me) January 23d, 1824. Took the name 
of Amory Huntington Tyler by an act of the Legislature of 
Maine, Feby. 1828, being then an Adopted child to said Tyler. 

(To be continued) 



New Maine Books 

"The Makers of Maine" is a new book recently issued from 
the Haswell Press, Lewiston, 1912, by Hon. Herbert Edgar 
Holmes, who was State Librarian of Maine during Gov. Plaisted's 
administration. 

This is an exceedingly interesting work consisting of essays and 
tales of early Maine history, from the first explorations along the 
Maine coast in the first part of the seventeenth century to the fall 
of Louisburg. 

It is undoubtedly one of the most important and valuable ad- 
ditions to the Colonial historj^ of Maine that has ever been made. 

It is a book of 250 pages containing several fine illustrations. 



"History of Garland, Maine," by Lyndon Oak, recently issued 
from the Observer Press, Dover, Me. 

This is a book of 400 pages written by the late Lyndon Oak 
and has been prepared for the press by his son, Hon. John M. 
Oak of Bangor. 

It is an exhaustive and valuable history of the town of Gar- 
land, in Penobscot County, with a preface by Liston P. Evans with 
brief sketch of the author by Henry L. Oak. 

It is a book that all students and collectors of Maine history 
should have. 



Another recent interesting and important contribution to the 
history of Maine is the history of the town of Bowdoinham, by 
Capt. Silas Adams of Waterville from the press of the Fairfield 
Publishing Co. 



Sprague's Journal of Maine History 

PUBLISHED QUARTERLY 
Vol. 1 APRIL, 1913 No. 1 

JOHN FRANCIS SPRAfJUR, Dover, Maine, Editor and Publisher, to whom all com- 
munications should be iiildrcssed. 

Application made for entry as second class matter, at the post office at Dover, Maine. 

TERMS: For all numbers issued during: the year, including an index and all special is- 
sues, jil.ou. Sinprle copies, 25 cents. Bound volumes, containing all of the issues for one year, 
$1.50. Postage prepaid. 



" We must look a little into that process of nation-making 
which has been goiiig on si7ice prehistoric ages and is going 
on here among us to-day, and from the recorded experience 
of men in times long past ive may gather lessons of infinite 
value for otir selves and for our children' s children y 

— John Fiske. 



Prologue 

In embarking upon the uncertain sea of literature and histori- 
cal research our words may be few. 

Our primal object in attempting this work is to aid in creating 
a more active and profound interest among all classes of readers in 
the study of the early history of Maine, and to render such assist- 
ance as may be possible. 

It is not quite a century since Maine severed her jurisdictional 
connection with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and took her 
place in the grand column of the sovereign states of the American 
Union. 

Her political history commenced in the year 1820. But three 
centuries have rounded out in the cycles of time since was first 
begun the actual history of the State of Maine. 

Nearly two centuries before the declaration of independence 
and before the English people had renounced the doctrine of the 
divinity of kings, before Charles was beheaded and Cromwell had 
been ruler of Britain ; when the religious i-evolution which Luther 
had precipitated upon the world was yet a modern event, did the 
brave and intrepid explorers, products evolved from the reigns of 
those two great monarchs, Henry IV of France and Queen Eliza- 
beth of England, begin laying the foundation of our civilization. 

The Colonial period of Maine is a field of immensity as yet 



26 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

only partially explored. Evervtliin<>; pertaining thereto as well as 
its annals since, the history of our growth as a State, of our towns, 
cities and counties, our religious, political, social and industrial 
development altogether comprise a subject not only vastly im- 
portant but fascinating as well. 

We believe that the public interest in these matters is increas- 
ing and it is our purpose to endeavor to do an humble part in 
accentuating the same. 

Also it is apparent that there has l^een in recent years an 
awakening to the importance of a more thorough, systematic and 
practical study of State and local history among the educators of 
Maine and the teachers of our schools and colleges. It is our hope 
that we may be able to sustain a publication that will be of help to 
them in this work, that its contents ma}' be successfully used by 
them in their studies and relied upon as authority in pursuing such 
subjects. 

AVe are well aware that we are only trying an experiment. 
We have ])een advised and warned by some that it could not be 
successful and yet others more optimistic have urged it on. We 
can only promise to make the trial and leave the result in the 
hands of time. 

We promise that it shall last in quarterly numbers at least 
one year, to be increased to monthly issues as soon as it attains 
such a degree of success as to warrant the increase and to furnish 
our subscribers a proper index with the last number of the year. 

If it proves a ffiilure its obsequies will be properly observed 
on the day of the last publication of this volume. 

AVe earnestly invite the co-operation of all who are interested 
in the work, trusting that they will ever bear in mind the fact that 
"the harvest truly is plenteous, but the labourers are few." 



Notes and Fragments 

Tfik first Protestant clergyman to settle in Maine of whom 
historians have any knowledge was the Rev. Richard Gibson. He 



NOTES AND FRAGMENTS 27 

came from England in the spring of 1636 and settled on the banks 
of the Spurwink River. He belonged to the Episcopal Church and 
was sent over here by Sir Ferdinando Gorges and his associates. 
It is said of him that he was "a man of distinguished abilities and 
scholarship. "" 

In 1640 he brought an action of slander against John Boynton 
of Saco for calling him "a ])ase priest, a base knave, a base fellow," 
and recovered in damages what would now be about thirty-one 
dollars in American monev. 



At thk close of King Philip's war the little son of King Philip, 
nine years of age, was, b}' order of the Puritans, shipped off to the 
West Indies and sold into slavery. The only ones of prominence 
who opposed this method of disposing of him were Captain Church 
and Apostle Elliott, the latter in a letter to the Federal Com- 
missioners said : "To sell souls for mone}' seemeth to me dangerous 
merchandise. ' * 



Wk Soijcrr correspondence and desire historical papers and the 
result of historical research from all parts of Maine for publication 
in these columns. 



Sir Hiram Maxim, now of England, and the inventor of the 
famous machine gun which bears his name, was once a lad in the 
town of Abbot, Maine, although he was born in the town of San- 
gerville, Maine. 

In the Piscataquis (Maine) Observer in its issue of April 26, 
1860, appeared the following notice: 

"FREEDOM NOTICE. 

"For a valuable consideration, I have this day relinquished to 
my son, Hiram S. Maxim, his time during his minority. I shall 
claim none of his earnings or pay an}' debts of his contracting after 
this date. 

Isaac Maxim. ' ' 

Witness, D. D. Flynt. 

Abbot, April 18, 1860." 



28 SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

We Invite careful criticism of all of the matter which may ap- 
pear in this journal. If you discover errors, omissions or inac- 
curacies in anything published herein write us your views of the 
same and they will be published. 



Last year two Piscataquis towns, Foxcroft and Sebec, held 
very interesting centennial celebrations. 

We hope to publish the entire proceedings of both celebra- 
tions in special editions of this magazine. 

Such publication will however depend upon the interest that 
our friends in the above named towns may manifest in the project. 



Hon. Willis E. Parsons of Foxcroft, Grand Patriarch of the 
Grand Encampment, I. O. O. F. , of Maine, is working on a history 
of Odd Fellowship in Piscatacjuis County. When completed we 
shall publish it in a special edition. 



Mr. Raymond Fellows, junior member of the law firm of Fel- 
lows & Fellows, Bangor, Maine, has for several years past devoted 
considerable attention to collecting books, papers, documents, etc., 
relating to Eastern Maine history, and has an especially valuable 
collection regarding Hancock County. We expect to publish some 
of his collections in future issues. 



The New England Genealogical Society held its sixty-ninth 
annual meeting in Wilder Hall, Boston, Feb. 5, 1913. The offi- 
cers elected were President, James P. Baxter, Portland ; Vice Presi- 
dents, Nathaniel J. Rust, Boston ; Henry Deering, Portland, Me. ; 
John C. Chase, Derry, N. H. ; William W. Stickney, Ludlow, Vt. ; 
William P. Sheffield, Newport, R. I. ; James J. Goodwin, Hart- 
ford, Conn. ; Recording Secretary, John Albee, Swampscott; Cor- 
responding Secretary, George W. Chamberlain, Maiden ; Librarian, 
William P. Greenshaw, Winthrop; Councilors, Henry E. Scott, 
Medford; George A. Moriarty, Jr., Newport, R. I. ; William S. 
Hills, Boston ; Ethel S. Bolton, Shirley. 

During the session Walter K. Watkins, secretary of the So- 
ciety of Colonial Wars, gave a lecture on "Old Boston between the 
years 1700 and 1800." 



NOTES AND FRAGMENTS 29 

There are several valuable papers relating to Piscataquis 
County which have been read before tlie Piscataquis Historical 
Society wliich we shall publish during the coming year. 

Among them is Judge Charles W. Hayes' paper on Joseph 
Ellery Foxcroft ; a historical sketch of the Piscataciuis Congre- 
gational Churches by the Rev. George A. Merrill, and papers on 
the Revolutionary Soldiers of Piscataquis County by Judge Edgar 
C. Smith. 



AViLLiAM Prrr Oakes died at his home in Foxcroft, Me., Feb. 
1, 1913. He was the son of Colonel William and Mary (Wey- 
mouth) Oakes, and was born in Sangerville, Me., March 8, 1833. 

He was a direct descendant of Nathaniel Oakes, who came to 
Massachusetts from England when a lad of 15, in 1660, and later 
became active in the Colonial Wars. 

The descendants of Nathaniel Oakes have been prominent in 
both Maine and Massachusetts. 

William Pitt Oakes received a liberal education and was 
admitted to the bar but by reason of ill health he ceased th^ 
practice of law and followed the profession of civil engineer. 

He became famous throughout Eastern Maine as a land 
surveyor. 

Hon. AVillis E. Parsons of Foxcroft is the author of a valu- 
able sketch of Mr. Oakes recently published in the Maine news- 
papers. 



"Votes for women" is wholly a slogan of the twentieth 
century, and yet the idea has long prevailed among American 
statesmen and publicists. 

As early as 1647 Margaret Bent asserted her right to sit in 
the assembly of Maryland, and Abigail Adams, wife of John 
Adams, the second president of the American Union, aggressively 
advocated equal suffrage for women. 

And when our forefathers were declaring their independence 
and fighting for it, there had been such an agitation of the subject 
in New Jei'sey that women actually had and exercised this right in 
that colony from 1776 to 1807. 

The movement did not however become a national one until 



30 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

the middle of the nineteenth centur}- when the first "women's 
rights" convention was held at Seneca Falls, N. Y., in 1848. 



A Chaptkk of Dover and Foxcroft D. A. R. was organized at 
the home of Mrs. Etta B. Palmer in Dover, January 14, 1913, 
by Mrs. John Alden Morse of Bath, State Regent. 

The following officers were elected : Regent, Adelaide C. 
Farwell ; \'ice-Regent, Lottie D. Warren ; Recording Secretary, 
Lola W. Hayes ; Corresponding Secretary, Alice N. Robinson ; 
Treasurer, Alice Averill ; Auditor, Josephine W. Hughes ; Reg- 
istrar, Elizabeth T. Getchell; Chaplain, Etta B. Palmer; His- 
torian, Sarah L. Martin. 

The following committees were appointed by Mi's. Farwell: 
Conmiittee on constitution, Mrs. Palmer and Miss Averill ; pro- 
gram committee, Mrs. Martin and Mrs. Hayes; committee on 
education, Mrs. Doore and Miss Anna Buck. 

At the close of the business session, a beautiful bouquet was 
presented Mrs. Farwell in behalf of the chapter, as a token of 
appreciation for the interest which she has manifested and the help 
she has given towards the organization of the chapter. 



Resolve in Favor of Abbot Soldiers 

Resolve in favor of certain soldiers in the town of Abbot, Me. , 
who served in the "Aroostook War,'' passed by the Maine Legis- 
lature and approved April 6, 1841. 

Resolved : That there be paid out of the treasury of this 
State to Jacob Leeman, Jr., George W. Rogers, Eliphalet S. 
Rollins, David Weymouth, Jr., Zenas B. Poole, Orrin Bartlett, 
Americus Crockett, Samuel H. Lowell, Thomas J. Dutton, John 
Corson, Samuel Weymouth, Jr., Ebenezer Witham and Charles 
Flint, the sum of five dollars each, in full, for their services in the 
Aroostook War, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hun- 
dred and thirtv-nine. 



SOLDIERS^ GRAVES IN ELMWOOD CEMETERY 31 

Soldiers' Graves in Elmwood Cemetery, Guil- 
ford, Maine 

RKVOIATIOXARV SOLDIERS. 

Consider S. Glass, born in Duxburv, Mass., Nov. 15, 1759, 
died in Guilford, Maine, Feb. 18, 1843. Was in a number of bat- 
tles, among which was the battle of Rhode Island. He continued 
in the army until the close of the war, and is buried in Elniw ood 
Cemetery, Guilford, Me. 

SOLDIERS OF THE 1812 WAK. 

Zebulon Parsons Grover, private, born in New Gloucester, Me., 
Dec. 5, 1791, died at Guilford, Me., March 2, 1882, buried in 
Guilford Centre Cemetery, Guilford, Me. 

AVilliam Greeley, private, born in Gray, Me., Jan. 12, 1784, 
died in Guilford, Me., March 28, 1869, buried at Guilford Centre. 

AVilliam Ellis, private, born in Freeport, Me., Oct. 6, 1792, 
died in Guilford, Me., May, 1869, buried at Guilford Centre. 

John M. Edes, private, born in Freeport, Me., August 29, 
1791, died in Guilford, Me., June 3, 1834, buried in Elmwood 
Cemetery. 

Isaac Edes, private, born in Freeport, Me., March 8, 1794, 
died in Guilford, Me., August 16, 1873, buried in Elmwood Ceme- 
tery. 

Ezekiel Glass, private, born in Danville, Me., May 25, 1795, 
died in Guilford, Me., July 16, 1873, buried in Elmwood Ceme- 
tery. 

Elias Davis, private, born in New Gloucester, Me., Feb. 26, 
1788, died in Guilford, Me., June 29, 1880, buried in Elmwood 
Cemetery. 

SOLDIERS OF THE AROOSTOOK WAR. 

William DollofF, born in 1818, died in Guilford, 1901, buried 
in Elmwood Cemetery. 

Josiah Farrar, born in Washington, Me., August 2, 1815, 
died in Guilford, Me., Oct. 2, 1902, buried in Elmwood Ceme- 
tery. 

Erastus B. Byram, born in Yarmouth, Me., Jan. 6, 1807, 
died in Brownville, Me., Jan. 28, 1898, buried in Elmwood Ceme- 
tery. 



82 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Historical Societies 

The annual meeting of the Rangor Historical Society was held 
Feb, 7, 1918, when the following officers were elected: 

Honorable Hetn-y Lord, president; Charles E. Rliss, vice presi- 
dent; Professor Calvin M. Clark, corresponding secretary; Edward 
M. Rlanding, recording secretary ; Doctor Thomas Upham Coe, 
treasurer; Mrs. Mary H. Curran, librarian and cabinet-keeper; 
Doctor William C. Mason, Captain Henr}^ N. Fairbanks, William 
P. Hubbard, Edward M. Rlanding, Everett F. Rich and William 
W. Fellows, executive committee. 

Reports were made by the several committees and progress 
stated. 

Edward M. Rlanding, Wilfrid A. Hennessy and Walter L. 
Hubbard were appointed a committee to arrange for a meeting 
later in the season when an intei'esting program will be presented. 

At the last annual meeting of the Piscataquis Historical 
Society officers were elected for 1913 as follows: 

John F. Sprague, ])resident ; Mary E. Averill, vice president ; 
Francis C. Peaks, recording secretary ; Edgar C. Smith, correspond- 
ing secretary; Liston P. Evans, treasurer; Wainwright Gushing, 
Henry Hudson, Charles D. Shaw, Martin L. Durgin, William C. 
Woodbury, Osgood P. Martin, trustees. 

The society is in a very prosperous condition and its members 
are planning for a year of unusual activity along historical lines. 



Piscataquis Centennials 

Centennial celebrations of the incorporation of towns that will 
be in order in Piscataquis County within the next decade are as 
follows : 

Sangerville incorporated June 13, 1814; Guilford incorpo- 
rated Feb. 8, 1816; Atkinson incorporated Feb. 12, 1819; Dover 
incorporated Jan. 19, 1822; Parkman incorporated Jan. 29, 1822; 
Monson incorporated Feb. 8, 1822; Milo incorporated Jan. 21, 
1823. 



AMERICAN NAMES OF PLACES IN MAINE 



33 



American Names of Places in Maine 



When you're in Maine, just stay a bit 
To see these places ere you quit 
Her crystal lakes and mountains bold 
Which all the alphabet enfold. 

Rare Cupsuptoc and Sagadahoc, 
Together with Chimpassaoc, 
Also brave Chinquassabamtook 
With dear Wallagosquegomook. 

If you do this, and are not sick, 
Try pretty Moosetocmaguntic — 
And then with fervor go and look 
Upon Apmonjenegamook. 



If I were you, just after this, 
I'd sally for Sysladobis, 
Ripogenis, Umbazookskus, 
With Pangokomook curious. 

Take Umsaskis, as you go on 
With Schoodic to Matagomon ; 
But don't omit Essquilsagook, 
Or skip Wetokenebacook. 

Some others still are left to try. 
Fair Pemadumook by and by — 
Millenkikuk, Cosbosecontic— 
But do them leisurely, not quick. 



But here's to Pegnaunemandpostass- 
anagnog (as it comes to pass) — 

And, when you have spoken this 'tis 
plain. 

You'll know the rhetoric of Maine. 



-Joel Barton. 




Brief Notes on the Early Settlement of 
Bangor 

It is well known that Penobscot River was first visited by 
De Monts and Champlain in 1605. Later there was a French and 
Indian settlement farther up the river and a trading post was 
established near the mouth of the Kenduskeag. 

These various settlements were destroyed by the English from 
1723 to 1725, the final work having been accomplished by Captain 
Heath, with a company of men from the Kennebec, during the 
latter year. 



M SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

The erec-tion of Fort Pownal on the Penobscot and the settle- 
ment which was soon springing" up around it encouraged others to 
penetrate the wilderness farther up the river, and so, in the year 
1769, we find Jacob Buswell from Salisbury in the colony of Massa- 
chusetts, with a family of nine children, making his way as far 
north as the junction of the Penobscot and Kenduskeag Rivers, the 
latter then being called "the Kenduskeag Stream." 

Here he commenced a clearing and erected a log house near 
where is now the foot of Newbury Street. It was two years later 
(1771) before other families located in this vicinity. That year 
came several ; among whom were Thomas Howard, Jacob Dennett, 
Simon Crosby, Thomas Smart, John Smart, Hugh Smart, Andrew 
Webster, Joseph Rose, David Rowell, Solomon Harthorn, Silas 
Harthorn and Joseph Mansell. 

Thomas Howard located and built a house near the site of the 
present A. H. Thaxter residence. So by the time that Robert 
Treat appeared upon the scene in 1774 there was already quite a 
settlement. 

Robert Treat was born in Boston in 1752 and when seventeen 
years of age went to Fort Pownal as an armorer. Upon arriving 
in Bangor he opened a shop near Penjejowock Stream. 

Dr. John Herbert came in 1774 ; besides his duties as pi'actis- 
ing physician he also taught school and is said to have been the 
first male teacher in the settlement. The first school was taught 
by Abigail Ford in 1773. 

Thomas Goldthwaite, son of the commander of Fort Pownal, 
opened a trading house near the mouth of the Kenduskeag in the 
same year. He was a Tor}^ and, like some others of his kind, fled 
to New Brunswick upon the outbreak of the Revolutionary War. 

A rude fort was soon erected above where is now Mount Hope 
Cemetery. A military company was organized, commanded by 
Lieutenant Andrew Gilman, with Joseph Mansell, sergeant. 

The first two births of white children occurred this year, Mary 
Howard, daughter of Thomas Howard and Hannah Harthorn, 
daughter of Silas Harthorn. Another military company was organ- 
ized in 177(), consisting of twenty white men and ten Indians. 

The first settled minister was Rev. Setli Noble, wlio came with 



NOTES ON THE SETTLEMENT OF BANG()1{ 35 

his family in 1786. He was installed as pastor bv Rev. ]\rr. 
Little and received S-lOO per year. 

Until the year 1791 this was only a plantation and the matter 
of naming it was left to Mr. Noble, who first gave it the name of 
Sunbury, but afterwards changed it to Bangor in honor of the 
church hymn of that name, being a favorite of his. The town of 
Bangor was incor[)orated February 25, 1791. 

In 1800 the first schoolhouse was built by James Drununond 
for Si 50, near Treat's Falls. Among those who settled here up to 
that time were Moses Patten, Amos Patten, Abner Taylor, Luke 
Wilder, Allen Gilman, Francis Carr, Joseph C'arr, James Carr, 
William Emerson and Samuel Dutton. 

As earh' as 1605 the territory on the Penobscot, about the 
present location of Bangor, was known of and visited bv explorers. 
De Monts came here in the spring of that year, accompanied by 
his accomplished historian, Samuel deChamplain. In his published 
accounts of his voyages and explorations Champlain described the 
river and the territory near the mouth of the Kenduskeag with such 
minuteness as to leave no doubt about their visit to the place. 

They found it a ver}' agreeable spot, and in writing of it 
Champlain said: "The river was handsome and pleasant as far as 
the place where we cast anchor. Going on shore and going on 
foot, hunting to see the country, I found it very pleasant and 
agreeable as far as the road led me, and it seemed as if the oaks 
that were there were planted for pleasure." 

The Plymouth Colony established a trading post at Penobscot 
(Castine) in 1626, which was kept up until 1635, when they were 
driven away by the French under D'Aulna}'. D'Aulnay maintained 
the post until his death in 1651, and then, in 1667, Baron de St. 
Castin came and he and his .son, known as Castin the Younger, 
continued in possession until about 1720. So, almost continually, 
from the exploration of the river by De Monts in 1605, there was 
a white settlement on the Penobscot, conse(juently the locality near 
the mouth of the Kenduskeag was well known and often visited by 
white traders and barterers, but no settlement was attempted. 

In 1759 Fort Pownal was built by the Province of Massachu- 
setts Bay, at what is now Fort Point, and a garrison was estab- 



36 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

lislied there, giving security and protection from the Indian 
ravages, and settlements soon commenced along the river. 

The historv of Bangor, from the earliest traditions of the 
aborigines down to the present day, is teeming with interest and 
is too worthy of preservation to be allowed to be lost by lack of 
some effort being made to compile and record it. Other towns of 
no more historic interest than Bangor, and some of much less, have 
published volumes of their history, and some of them two and 
more. 

Bangor has been in the vanguard in many things ; in the his- 
tor\- of early railroading, and later in that of the development of 
electric railroads, she has had a prominent part; the lore of the 
early sbagecoach days in eastern Maine, and the history of the 
development and decline thereof, radiates from this place as a cen- 
ter. The reverential custom of erecting monuments to the memory 
of the soldier dead, the observance of which has spread to every 
town and hamlet of our country, undoubtedly had its beginning 
here, when on the 17th day of June, 1864, with impressive and 
appropriate ceremony, the monument was unveiled at Mount Hope 
bearing the inscription, "'In Memory of the Citizen Soldiers Who 
Died for Their Country. ' ' 

Edgak Crosby S.Mn'H. 



Commodore Samuel Tucker 

The State of Maine has recently erected in the old cemetery at 
Bremen, which was formerly a part of the town of Bristol, a me- 
morial statue in honor of Commodore Samuel Tucker, a Revolution- 
ary hero, who rendered distinguished services for his country and 
had the distinction of being commissioned by George Washington. 

Much credit for this is due to the Hon. Leslie Boynton of 
Jefferson, member of the Maine Senate, and the Hon. Wells A. 
Deering of Waldoboro, member of the Maine House of Repre- 
sentatives. 

While Lincoln County has been rich in its history and tradi- 



COMMODORE SAMUEL TUCKER 37 

tions of the early settling* of Maine, none of its citizens has played 
a more important part than Commodore Tucker, who was born in 
Marblehead, Mass., Nov. 1, 1 T-iT. 

When a mere boy he commenced the life of a seaman and was 
in London when news was received of the battle of Bunker Hill. 

He returned to America in a ship owned by Robert Morris of 
Philadelphia. 

Congress passed a resolve authorizing the fitting out of some 
armed ships and George AVashington, whom T'ucker had met 
through letters furnished him by iNIorris, at once remembered the 
gallant young skipper, and one of the first commissions issued by 
the great American leader was to Captain Tucker. It was dated 
Jan. 20, 1776. 

It was sent by a special messenger and appointed him captain 
of the armed schooner Franklin. He rendered such a glowing 
account of his services that on September 3, of that year, he was 
transferred to the armed schooner Hancock and at a later period to 
the frigate Boston, his last commission being dated March 15, 
1777. 

In 1778 while in command of the frigate Boston, he was ordered 
to convey Hon. John Adams to France, to which place he had been 
appointed minister, and captured many prizes on the way. In the 
autumn of 1779 the Boston was ordered South as one of Commo- 
dore Whipple's squadron, but was obliged to surrender when all of 
the Commodore's squadron was captured in the spring of 1780. 
Tucker was allowed to return home on parole and very soon was 
exchanged for Captain AVardlow, whom he had himself captured 
about a year before in the Thorne. 

Tucker was soon given command of the Thorne, previously 
commanded by Captain AVardlow, for whom he had been exchanged, 
and captured many valuable prizes, but he himself was again cap- 
tured in 1781 near the St. Lawrence River. Captain Tucker made 
his escape from Prince Edward Island to which he had been sent, 
and arrived safely again in Boston. 

His prizes, more than sixty in number, made him a ver}^ 
wealthy man, and soon after 1780 he went to Boston to live. He 
lost heavih' in various wa3's and in 1792 moved to Bristol, Maine, 



38 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

and became a selectman of the town and also held a similar office 
in the town of Bremen when it was set off from the mother town. 

For five years he represented Bristol in the Massachusetts 
Legislature and after the separation was twice returned to the 
Maine Leoislature. He was a member of the convention that 
formed the first Constitution of Maine. 

In 1820 he was chosen an elector of President and Vice Presi- 
dent of the LTnited States and was appointed messenger to carry 
the \ote of Maine to Washington. 

He received the thanks of Congress for his gallant services 
and was entitled to admission at all times to the floor of both 
Houses. By a general law of Congress passed about 1820 he re- 
ceived a pension of $20 a month and twelve years later this was 
increased to S50 a month. He died at his home March 10, 1833, 
in his 80th j'ear. 

The statue of Commodore Tucker was made from an oil-paint- 
ing in full Naval uniform. It represents him as having just taken 
an observation, with glass in right hand and sword at left side. 
It bears the following inscription : 

Erected by the State of Maine 

To perpetuate the Memory of 

Commodore Samuel Tucker. 

1748-1833. 

A patriot of the Revolution 

Commissioned by George Washington. 

Mary, His Wife. 

1753-1832. 



The Anti -Slavery Movement in Maine 

The first anti-slavery society organized in the State of Maine 
was in Hallo well, at the house of Deacon Eben Dole, Nov. 18, 
1833. 

Rev. G. Shepard, Eben Dole, R. D. Rice, Paul S. Stickney 
and A. Allen were chosen a committee to draft a constitution and 
nominate officers. 

These ofincers were Eben Dole, president; Paul Stickney, 
vice-president; R. Gardiner, treasurer; R. D. Rice, recording 
secretary. 



THE ANTI-SLAVERY MOVEMENT IN MAINE 39 



The first State convention was held in Augusta Oct. 12, 
18'3-i, when the Maine Anti-Slaverv Society was established. 

Rev. David Thurston of Winthrop was chosen president; 
Hon. S. M. Pond and Eben Dole, vice-presidents; S. K. Gilman 
and Rev. Wooster Parker, secretaries ; I{ev. S. L. Pomroy, Samuel 
Fessenden, Rev. S. Thurston, Dr. L. Perkins and Prof. C. 
Newton, executive committee. 

Its first annual meeting was held in Brunswick, Oct. 28, 1835. 

In 1839 John Quincy Adams was pursuing his great fight for 
the right of petition. 

\Vhen the so-called "gag" rule was voted on in the House of 
Representatives all but two of the members from Maine voted 
against it. Those who voted in the negative and on the side of 
freedom were George Evans of Gardiner, Thomas Davee of Rlanch- 
ard, H. J. Anderson of Belfast, Benjamin Randall of Bath, Nathan 
Clifford of Newfiekl and Joshua A. Lowell of Machias. Those 
voting in its favor were Albert Smith of Portland and Virgie D. 
Parris of Buckfield. 

Evans and Randall were the only Whigs on the Maine 
delegation. 

Among the early abolitionists in Portland were General 
Fessenden, Oliver Dennet, General Appleton, J. W. Appleton, 
Josiah Dow and his son Neal Dow, Charles Barbour, Arthur 
Shirley and George Ropes. 

Errata. On page 18 the word "Matchebignatus" should be spelled 
"Matchebiguatus. " On same page the word "Marchebagaduce" appears 
in the early histories as follows: "Marche-bagaduce." 



To Bookbuyers and Others 

Are you in want of any out of print book or publication ? If so, I 
should be pleased to assist you. I am in communication with many of 
the largest dealers in second-hand and out-of-print books in all sec- 
tions of the United States, England, France and Germany, and receive 
their catalogues regularly. I will assist you in looking up any genea- 
logical or historical data you desire. Charges moderate. Any 
current publication which you do not find at your book store I will ob- 
tain for you at short notice. 

EDGAR C. SMITH, 

Foxcroft, Maine. 



Note: Regular subscribers to the Journal may return their maga- 
zines at the end of the year and they w^ill be neatly bound in cloth for the 
sum of fifty cents. 



40 



SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



The Bangor Commercial 
Maine's Best Paper. 



Trial subscription to Daily $1.00 

for 3 months. 
Weekly 3 mos. for 25 cents, one 

year $1.00. 

The Commercial (Daily and Weekly) 
offers advertisers the most powerful 
advertising influence that can be 
brought to bear on Maine trade. 

J. P. BASS PUBLISHING CO., 

PUBLISHERS, 

BANGOR, - MAINE 

Eastern Trust and Banking 
Company 

BANGOR, MAINE 

ESTABLISHED IN 1887. 



Capital, - - - $173,000 

Surplus and Profits (Earned), 300.000 
Stockholders" Liability, - 173,000 

$830,000 
Deposits, - - - $5,000,000 

Wm. W. Roberts Co. 

Stationers and Blank 
Book Manufactm'ers. 

Office Supplies, 

Filing Cabinets, 

and Card Indexes. 

233 Middle Street, 
PORTLAND, - MAINE. 



COME TO 

Dow & Boyle's 

FOR YOUR 

STYLISH, UP-TO-DATE 
CLOTHING. 

Adler*s Collegian, Kirschbaum 
Clothes, Hercules Suits for Boys. 
Ed. V. Price Tailoring Line. 
Gents' Furnishings. 

DON'T FORGET 
DOW & BOYLE, Dover, Me. 

Equip Your Office 

This year with a Shaw- 
Walker Card Index or 
Filing System. Send today 
for catalogue and price list. 

LORING, SHORT 
& HARMON, 



PORTLAND, 



MAINE. 



KINEO TRUST CO., 

DOVER, MAINE. 

Organized in 1903, to meet the bank- 
ing needs of this community, Kineo 
Trust Company has steadily grown in 
strength and public favor, imtil today 
it is universally recognized as one of 
the large and strong financial institu- 
tions of Eastern Maine. 

Liberal Interest paid on 
Savings Deposits. 

J. F. HUGHES, Pres. C. C. HALL, V. Pres. 
G. L. ARNOLD, Treas. 



We have positive evidence of the reliability of the advertisers on these pages 



SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 41 




Falmouth Hotel 
J. J. POOLER, 

Proprietor, 



Portland, Maine. 



European and American Plan. 



50,000 Horse Power 

AVAILABLE FOR INDUSTRIES IN CENTRAL MAINE 

Central Maine Power Co. 

Offices at Augusta, Gardiner, Waterville, Skowhegan, 
Pittsfield and Dexter. 



C O N T E N T S 

General John Parker Boyd and Judge Henry Orne, the 

Original Proprietors of the Town of Orneville, Maine, 48 

The Indian Bashaba, - - - - - - - 47 

Vital Statistics, .___._. 52 

Champlain's \'isit to the Penobscot, - - - - 56 

Wayfarer's Notes, __-_-__ gfi 

Editorial, --------- 73 

Notes and Fragments, _---_- 74 

Revolutionary Soldiers of Piscataquis County, - - - 77 




THE OLD YORK GAOL IN YORK. MAINE. 

The oldest public building of the English Colonies in 
America, built in 1653. 

On the first floor is a massive stone dungeon and on the floor 
ab()\ e are cells of hewn oak timbers with windows grated by doul)le 
and triple rows of bars. It is now uiuler the care of the York 
Historical and Improvement Society, which maintains it as a 
museum of local aiiti(|uities. 



John Francis Sprague's Books 



Piscataquis Biography and Frag- 
ments, 

Sebastian Rale, a Maine Trag- 
edy of the 18th Century. 

The North Eastern Boundary 
Controversy and the Aroos- 
took War, 

Acfidental Shooting in the Game 
Season, 

Backwoods Sketches. 

Atso Piscataquis Historical So- 
ciety Collections, Vol. I, 

Any of the above named books will be 
sent postpaid upon receipt of the 
price. 

A. J. HUSTON, 

92 Exchange St. , Portland, Maine. 



•Si. 00 



$1.00 



§].25 

.25 
$1.00 

$2.00 



S. G. SANFORD & SON 
Livery and Sales Stable 

Stylish Rigs, Horses, Carriages, 
Sleighs, Harness and Robes. 

LARGEST REPOSITORY 
IN EASTERN MAINE. 

Teams to and from all trains. 
Summer Street, ne;ir M. C. R. R. Station, 

Foxcroft, Maine. 
Phone 92-9. 



We have positive evidence of the reliabiUty of tlie advertisers on these pages. 



Sprague's Journal of Maine History 

Vol. 1 JULY, 1913 Xo. !> 



General John Parker Boyd and Jud^^e Henry 

Orne, the Original Proprietors of the 

Town of Orneville, Maine 

Read liefore the Piscataciuis Historical Society by John Francis 

Sprague 

There are many towns in the State of Maine of historical 
interest by reason of the fame of the first purchasers or proprietors 
of the original townships, and none more so than the town of 
Orneville in the County of Piscataquis. 

The first owner of the township was General John Parker 
Boyd, who also owned a part of what is now the town of Medford. 
The settlement was first called Boyd's Plantation. 

He was born in Newburvport, Massachusetts, December 21, 
1764, and died in Boston, October 4, 1830, and was the son of 
James and Susannah Boj'd. James was a native of Scotland, and 
his wife was a sister of Reverend Paul Coffin of Newburvport, who 
was a descendant from Tristram Coffin, the first of the name, who 
came to this country. 

John, with his two brothers, Robert and Joseph, were when 
boys placed in stores in Boston and learned mercantile life. 

Robert and Joseph and their brother, Ebenezer L. Boyd,"' 
settled in Portland, Maine, in 1774, and were extensive traders 
there for many years and became prominent in the affairs of that 
city. 

The life of a merchant, did not, however, appeal to John 
Parker as he was possessed of a spirit of adventure and a strong 
desire for military life. He entered the American Navy in 1786 
as ensign in the second regiment. 

In 1789 he went to India and engaged in a kind of guerilla 

(a) Ebenezer L. Boyd evidently became a clergyman, as the title of 
Reverend is affixed to his name in early conveyances of land. 

(Note) Cleophas Boyd, who for many years was a practicing lawyer in 
Harmony, Maine, was a son of Ebenezer L. Boyd. 



U SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

service under and by authority of the English government, and 
gained considerable renown in the wars in India at that time. 

In a letter to his father from Madras, in June, 1790, he says, 
"Having procured letters recommendatory to the English consul 
residing at the Court of his Highness, the Nizam, I proceeded to 
his capital, Hydrabad, 450 miles from Madras. On my arrival I 
was presented to his Highness in form by the English consul. 

"My reception was as favorable as my most sanguine wishes 
had anticipated. After the usual ceremony was over, he presented 
me with the command of two kansolars of infantry, each of which 
consists of 500 men." 

The English evidently had confidence in his bravery and 
ability as a military officer as he commanded alone, at one time, 
more than ten thousand men. 

He returned to his home in Boston in 1808 and immediately 
upon his return, October 7, 1808, was appointed Colonel of the 
Fourth Infantry and Brigadier General, August 26, 1812, and 
honorably discharged June 15, 1815. 

He was at the capture of Fort George and in the engagement 
at Williamsburg in Canada. 

In 1816, he went to England to obtain indemnity for the loss 
of a valuable cargo of saltpetre, captured by an English cruiser 
while on its way to the East Indies. In this venture he sustained 
a considerable loss as he only recovered one installment of thirty 
thousand dollars, estimated to be less than one-half its value. 

President Jackson appointed him Naval Officer at Boston in 
1830, only a few months before his death. 

General Boyd's ancestors being Scotch it is evident that he 
inherited a love for Scottish history and tradition as he caused 
what is now the town of Medford to be known and called by that 
beautiful and poetic Scotch name of Kilmarnock. This town 
adopted this name when incorporated January 31, 1824, and re- 
tained it until by an act of the Legislature in 1856 it was changed 
to the present name of Medford. What could have induced the 
people of this town to desire this change is incomprehensible. 

Kilmarnock in Scotland is the largest town in the county of 
Ayr, which county gave birth to one of the sweetest of earth's 
singers, Bobby Burns. Its very name is an inspiration from that 



GENERAL JOHN PARKER BOYD 45 

land of poetry and romance and it was lamentable that it should 
ever have been changed for the present prosaic name of Med ford, 
which is suggestive only of a New England town that once pro- 
duced what our fathers loved perhaps rather better than we do and 
which was undoubtedly a most excellent quality of rum. 

General Boyd became the owner of the lands above referred to 
in 1805 and prior to his return from India and England, but- there 
is no evidence extant today that he ever resided there, although it 
is known that he paid frequent visits to Boyd's Plantation. 

General Boyd derived his title to Orneville as follows: On the 
fourth day of September, 1805, John Read and Wm. Smith, 
agents for the General Court of the Commonwealth of Massa- 
chusetts, under a resolve passed by the General Court, March 15, 
1805, conveyed by deed to John Parker Boyd of Boston in the 
county of Suffolk in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, in con- 
sideration of six thousand, two hundred and eleven dollars and 
sixty -nine cents, (balance then due) paid by John Parker Boytl 
under assignment of John Peck, who was assignee* of Calvin 
Austin, "a township of land six miles square lying in the county 
of Hancock, said township being number one in the sixth range of 
townships on the west side of the Penobscot river and north of the 
Waldo Patent and the same conveyed by Ephraim Ballard and 
Samuel Weston in the 3'ear 1792." This deed was recorded in the 
Hancock Registry of Deeds office. May 21, 1836, Book 30, Page 
435. 

By this deed it appears that the original contract for the sale 
of this land to John Peck was made November 12, 1793. 

On the twenty-seventh day of March, 1816, William Smith, 
acting as agent for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, conveyed 
to John Parker Boyd "a half township of land lying in the County 
of Penobscot, being the one half of a township six miles square 
called number two in the seventh range of townships north of the 
AValdo Patent as the same was surveyed by Samuel Weston in the 
month of November, 1794;" this being what is now the town of 
IMedford. 

General Boyd's will as appears on the probate records of 
Suffolk Countv in Massachusetts is as follows : 



46 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



"I, John Parker Boyd of Boston, in the County of Suffolk and Common- 
wealth of Massachusetts, being of sound mind and memory, conscious of 
my dependence upon the Supreme Being, and convinced of the uncertainty 
of human life, being now about to depart for Europe, do hereby declare this 
to be my last will and testament, revoking and annulling all by me hereto- 
fore made. 

"Inprimis — After my legal and just debts are paid, I give and bequeath " 
One Quarter of all of my Estate to Frances Boyd, my natural daughter by 
Housina, a Mahometan lady, born in my camp in the vicinity of Ponah, in 
the month of June and fourth day, 1797, and christened the same year in 
Ponah by the Revd. Father of the Roman Catholic Church of that City, 
Major Tone being Godfather and Mesdames Franswa and Finglap, God- 
mothers. 

"But in case my daughter, the said Frances Boyd, shall decease without 
lawful issue, my will is that my brothers and sisters shall be her heirs to 
the property I have thus bequeathed her, and not her relations in India, to 
be divided between my said Brothers and Sisters in the same proportion as 
the property I have herein bequeathed to them, is distributed. 

"Item. I give and bequeath One Quarter of all my Estate to Wallace, 
my natural son by Marie Rupell, born in the month of October and day in 
the year 1814. But in case this child Wallace should die without lawful 
issue, my will is that my Brothers and Sisters be heirs to the property 
I have herein bequeathed to him, in like manner as I have stated with 
respect to my daughter, the said Frances Boyd, now in India. 

"Item. I give and bequeath One half of all my estate to my own 
Brothers and Sisters in the following proportions, viz. 

"To my brother, Robert Boyd, one tenth of the aforesaid one half of all 
my Estate. To my brother, Joseph C. Boyd, two tenths of the aforesaid 
One Half of all my Estate. To my brother, E. L. Boyd, Two tenths of 
the aforesaid one half of all my Estate. To my sister, Margaret Storer, 
Two tenths of the aforesaid one half of all my Estate. To my sister, 
Frances Little, Three Tenths of the aforesaid one half of all my Estate. 

"But nevertheless I will the following legacies be first paid out of the 
whole of my Estate before any dividend shall take place; viz: One Hundred 
Guineas to Miss Maria Smith of Philadelphia to purchase a Ring which she 
is requested to accept as a testimony of my ardent and unchangeable affec- 
tion. 

"I commit the care and guardianship of my son Wallace to my Sister 
Little & would recommend that he should be educated for the army or navy. 

"I do constitute my brothers J. C. Boyd and E. L. Boyd, Executors to 
this my last Will and Testament. 

"In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 3rd 
day of November A. D. 1816. 

Jno. P. Boyd. (L. S.) 
"Signed and delivered by the testator in presence of us three subscribing 
witnesses. 
"William White, Jr. 
Wm. Little, Junr. 
MaTcellus Little." 



THE INDIAN BASH ABA 47 

Lossing's History of the War of 1812 quotes William Willis, 
who was an intimate friend of General Boyd, as saying that he was 
"a tall, well formed, and handsome man; kind, courteous and 
generous. ' ' 

I find no evidence that General Boyd was ever married. 

In 1820 only two persons are returned as residing on what 
was known as Boyd's Plantation. This town was incorporated as 
the town of Milton in 1832, changed to Almond in 1841, and to 
Orneville in 1843, in honor of Judge Henry Orne, who had 
married Frances Boyd Little, a niece of General Boyd. The Boyd 
land interests in that town having passed into his possession he 
moved there and made it his pei'manent home in 1841. 

(Part second of this paper which relates to Judge Henry Orne for 
whom the town of Orneville was named will appear in our next issue.) 



The Indian Bashaba 

We recently received the following inquiry : 
"Dear Mr. Sprague. 

"In 'Backwoods Sketches' in a footnote on 
page 90 you refer to the 'Bashaba of Penobscot' as a 'sort of 
prince, superior in rank to the Sachems of the various Indian 
tribes,' etc. 

"Can you give me some light on the history of this Indian 
prince.'*" 

It is evident that in the early part of the seventeenth century 
there was an Indian ciiieftain in Maine regarded as having a much 
higher authority than the ordinary chief, sachem or sagamore. 

This person is mentioned by all the early writers of Maine 
history. 

Champlain speaks of him and also Smith, Winthrop, Hub- 
bard, Prince, Gorges, and others. 



48 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Belknap's Bioojraphy, volume two, page fifty-three, gives him 
the title quoted in the note above referred to. 

Yet the correctness of this may possibly be doubted, as it 
would appear from the best authorities that Williamson cites that 
the home of the Bashaba was near Pema([uid, and that his immed- 
iate subjects or home tribe were the Wawenocks whose dwelling 
place was eastward of Sagadahoc as far as the river St. George. 

Williamson refers to him as the "great Bashaba'"*" and quotes 
Smith as saying that he (1608) was urged by the natives to "pay 
court unto that prince. " 

The most authentic history of the Indians in recent times is 
the "Handbook of the American Indians North of Mexico," edited 
by Frederick ^Vebb Hodge and published by the government at 
Washington (1907). The chapter in this work on the Abnaki 
Indians makes no reference to him. 

From what evidence is obtainable it is quite apparent that for 
a time at least prior to 1615 the various tribes in Maine "held the 
Bashaba to be chief, and the greatest among them. '^^ During that 
year hostilities broke out between the Tarratines and the tribes in 
the westerly part of Maine, which raged for two years. 

This war was "uncommonly destructive*"" and resulted in the 
entire extermination of some of the tribes and in it the Bashaba 
was slain. Whether he held his high office or position under some 
crude form of confederacy of the different tribes scattered along our 
coast, or whether he may have acquired it in some other manner or 
from some other cause is now entirely unknown. 

There is little to be gleaned from the early writers regarding 
the subject, although it is one of fascinating interest and worthy of 
far more research than we have ever given it. 

So far as we have knowledge of the history of the tribal 
government of the Indians of Maine each tribe was a self-governing 
bod}' and had a war chief and also a civil chief,'' and there was a 
council house in each village. 

Tribes located in one particular section and speaking the same 

(a) Williamson, Vol. 1, p. 468. 

(b) Williamson, Vol. 1, p. 214, citing Smith and other authorities. 

(c) lb., p. 215. 

(d) Hodge's Handbook of American Indians. Part I, p. 4. 



THE IxNDIAN BASHABA 49 



dialect were known to have confederated together for offensive and 
defensive purposes, but such unions were supposed to have been 
only temporarv and dissolvable at the will of the parties making 
them. 

It was not usually understood that they had any general gov- 
ernmental head holding any one cluster of tribes together by any 
particular form of federated government. 

And 3et the fact that about all of those who wrote of Indian 
affairs in Maine three centuries ago, bear testimony of the existence 
of this great Bashaba with extraordinary authority, gives semblance 
to the idea that such a personage with such a power did flourish at 
that period. 

According to Hodge in the work above referred to, all of the 
Maine Indians were originally of the vast Algonquin family. 

Williamson and other authorities conceding that they were 
"the descendants of the same original stock," places all of the 
Maine Indians in two great divisions, the Abeneques and the 
Etechemins.''^ 

The country inhabited and controlled by the latter was 
located between some point near the central part of Maine and 
extended east as far as the region of the Micmacs or Souriquois 
of Nova Scotia, while the territory of the former stretched west- 
ward as far as New Hampshire and Massachusetts. 

The powerful Tarratines of the Penobscot descended from 
these ancient Etechemins. 

Now if there is valid authorit}' for the title "The Bashaba of 
Penobscot," it could only have been because his political or feder- 
ated power extended over those eastern tribes as well as over the 
western tribes, for such title could not have been derived from his 
dwelling place as that was undeniabh' at or near Pemaquid. 

Otis locates it as "probably in the vicinity of what is now 
known as Damariscotta.*^" 

Mr. Sewall says that the Bashaba's own tribe herein men- 
tioned, the Wawenocks, dwelt on the Sheepscot, and Pemaquid, and 

(a) Williamson, Vol. I, p. 463. 

(b) The Story of Pemaquid by James Otis, p. 12. 



50 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

that "Mavooshen was the name of the territory wherein was the 
seat of his dominions.'^*' 

SuUivan (p. 88) says that "the Algonquins were divided in 
tribes, under particular sachems or chiefs, and had above these, 
higher officers called Bashabas. 

"But what the qualifications of those officers were, or in what 
manner they were inducted is not ascertained ; nor is their power if 
defined among them, so well known to us as that we can describe 
the lines of it. "' 

The following excerpts from "Rosier's Narrative'^" (1605) 
show each reference which he makes to the Bashaba. 

"They (the Indians) gave us some (tobacco) to carry to our 

captain whom they called our bashabes/"' 

^ ^ ^ ^ 

"They often would (by pointing to one part of the main 
eastward) sign unto us, that their Bashabes (that is their king) had 
great plenty of furs, and much tobacco.'^" 

* * * * 

"These (the Indians) made not an}' show that they had notice 
of the other before taken, but we understood them by their speech 
and signs, that they came sent from the Bashabes and that his 
desire was that we would bring up our ship (which they call as 
their own boats, a quiden) to his house being as the}' pointed, upon 
the main towards the east, from whence they came, and that he 
would exchange with us for furs and tobacco. But because our 
company was but small, and now our desire was with speed to 
discover up the river, we let them understand, that if their Basha- 
bes would come to us he should be welcome, but we would not 
remove to him. 

"Which when they understood (received of us bread and fish, 
and every of them a knife) they departed for we had then no 

(a) Sewall's Ancient Dominions of Maine, p. 42. 

(b) "A True Relation" of the voyage made by Captain George Way- 
mouth to the coast of Maine, in 1605, written by James Rosier, a "gentle- 
man employed in the voyage," published in London (1605) — Bath, Me., 
reprint 1860. 

(c) This personage is described by the early writers by various names, 
but the later English historians have generally adopted Bashaba. 

(d) Rosier, p. 25. 



THE INDIAN BASHABA 51 

will to stay them long aboard, least they should discover the other 
savages which we had bestt)wcd below.'*" 

* * * * 

"We were no sooner come aboard our light horseman, return- 
ing towards our ship, but we espied a canoe coming from the 
further part of the cod of the river eastward, which hasted to us 
wherein with two others, was he who refused to stay for a pawn ; 
and his coming was very earnestly importing to have one of our 
men to go lie on shore with their Bashabes (who was there on shore 
as they signed) and then the next morning he would come to our 
ship with many furs and tobacco. 

"This we perceived to be only a mere device to get possession 
of any of our men, to ransom all those which we had taken, which 
our natural policy could not so shadow, but we did easily discover 
and prevent. These means were by this savage practiced, because 
we had one of his kinsmen prisoner, as we judged b}' his most kind 
usage of him being aboard us together.^" 

* * * * 

"They shew great reverence to their king, and are in great 
subjection to their governors: and they will shew a great respect to 
any we tell them are our commanders.^" 

* * * * 

"One especial thing is their manner of killing the whale, 
which they call powdawe ; and will describe his form ; how he 
bloeth up the water; and that he is twelve fathoms long; and that 
they go in company of their king with a multitude of their boats, 
and strike him with a bone made in fashion of a harping iron 
fastened to a rope, which they make great and strong of the bark 
of trees, which they veer out after him : then all their boats come 
about him, and as he riseth above water, with their arrows they 
shoot him to death : when they have killed him and dragged him to 
shore, they call all their chief lords together, and sing a song of 
joy; and those chief lords whom they call sagamores, divide the 
spoil, and give to every man a share, which pieces so distributed, 
they hang up about their houses for provision; and when they boil 



(a) Rosier, p. 30. 

(b) lb., p. 33. 

(c) lb., p. 39. 



52 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MALNE HISTORY 

them, they blow off the fat, and put to their pease, maize, and 
other pulse which they eat.''*" 

This last statement would seem to indicate beyond doubt that 
Rosier understood there was one whom the Indians regarded much 
higher in power than their "chief lords whom they call sagamores," 
and who is designated by him and other eai'ly writers as their king. 

One historical fact and really only one is well settled and that 
is that from 1615 to 1617 the eastern and western tribes engaged 
in a fierce war which resulted in the death of the Bashaba and the 
utter demolition of his confederacy if any such existed. 

In the event that the eastern tribes were at some time under 
his rule or paid him homage in some form it is presumable that 
this was a war of rebellion. 

AVhatever may have been his supremity, his glory or his 
renown, from what sources they originated and what caused his 
destruction are questions of mystery now, the answers to which are 
undoubtedly forever buried in the oblivion of the past. 



Vital Statistics 

From the Early Records of the Town of IMonson 

Copy of Original Records 

(Continued from April number.) 

Rearths and deaths which have happened in the famih' of 
Benj. Toben and Thirza, his wife. 

Births. 

Benjamin Toben, born at Buckfield March 1-ith, 1792. 
Thirza Toben, wife of Benjamin Toben, born at Hartford, Feby 
14th, 1797. Eliza Harriet Tobin, born at Hartford, July 2d, 

1819. lienjamin Franklin Toben, born at Turner March 13th, 

1820. Charles Toben, born at Hartford December 6th, 1821. 
Benjamin Franklin Toben, born at Monson, Sept. 14th, 1824. 
Mary Wilton, born Feby 3, 1827. Axel Dearborn, born June 
16th, 1829. 

(a) Rosier, p. 39. 



VITAL STATISTICS 53 

Deaths. 
Benjamin Franklin Tobin, Died at Hartford July 10th, 1822. 
Births and Deaths which happened in the feniil}' of Samuel 
Thomas, Jr., and Mariah, his wife. 

Bearths. 
Samuel Thomas, Jr., born March 29, 1805. Mariah Thomas, 
wife of Saml. Thomas, Jr., born Sept. 20th, 1805. Betsey C. 
Thomas, born June 22d. 1828. 

Bearths and Deaths which have happened in the famih: of 
Abel Jewett and Abigail, his wife. 

Births. 

Abel Jewett born October 22, A. D. 1802. Abigail Jewett, 
wife of Abel Jewett, born December 9th, 1803. William Allen 
Jewett, born October 28th, 1827. David Frankling Jewett, born 
August 2d, 1829. 

Bearths and Deaths which have happened in the family of 
Thomas Towns and Anna, his wife. 

Births. 

Thomas Townes born at North Yarmouth, County of Cumber- 
land, then District of Main, January l^th, 1788. Anna Parsons, 
wife of Thomas Towns, born at Hartford, Count}^ of Oxford, 
State of Maine, March 12th, A. D. 1794. Sylvina Towns, born 
January 2d, A. D. 1812. Francisco Fernando Towns, born July 
22d, A. D. 1813. James Madison Towns, born April 19th, A. 
D. 1815. Nancy Towns was born July 18th, 1817. Harriet 
Towns was born February 13, A. D. 1820. Irene Fmery Towns 
was born June 29th, A. D. 1822, Henry Parsons Towns, born 
Feby. 23rd, A. D. 1824. Simeon Hall Towns was born June 
15th, A. D. 1826. Wm. Penn Towns was born Jany. 29th, A. 
D. 1828. All of the above children born in Hartford. 

Births. 
Marshall Safford, Son of Amos ik Dorcas Atkinson, was born 
November 15th, 1819. Sjdney Jones, son of Amos and Dorcas 
Atkinson, was born May 15th, 1822. Stephen Safford, son of 
Amos & Dorcas Atkinson, born May 23d. 1825. Alexander 
Greenwoods, son of Amos i'c Dorcas Atkinson, born April 15, 



5-i SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

1828. Amos Greenleaf, son of Amos & Dorcas Atkinson, born 
April 15, 1828. Celia Ann, Daughter of Amos & Dorcas Atkin- 
soji, born March 11, 1830. Sarah Jane, Daughter of Amos ik 
Dorcas Atkinson, born Jany. 6th, 183-1. 

Deaths. 

Marshall Safford, son of Amos & Dorcas Atkinson, died Jan- 
uary 17th, 1820. Aged two months ik two days. 

Births 

of the children of Charles V. Ames. 
Ebeneze D. Ames Born Dec. 20, 1824. Jane G. Ames born 
February 13, 1827. Addeson M. Ames, Born Nov. 14, 1828, in 
Blanchard. Mehituble J. Ames, Born Oct. 29, 1830, in Blanch- 
ard. Dorcas D. Ames, Born Aug. 1832, in Monson. Phineas 
Ames Born Sept. 7. 1834, in Monson. Susannah D. Ames, Born 
Feb. 15, 1837, in Monson. Louis S. Ames, Born Feb. 15, 1839 
in Monson. A true record Attest P. H. Rice, Town Clerk. 

BiHTHS. 

Anne Olive, daughter of Cornelius t*t Anne Barrows, was 
* * * * August 26 th, 1823. Amanda, daughter of William and 
Betsey Bowker, was born Sept. 24th, 1824. Cornelius Albert, 
son of Cornelius and Anne Barrows, was born August 23d, 1826. 
John Stewart, son of Cornelius and Anne Barrows, born December 
20th, 1824. AVilliam Emerson, son of William and Betsey 
Bowker, born Apl. 15th, 1829. Sarah Frances, daughter of 
Horatio ^ Abigail Barrett, born March 2nd, 1830. 

Deaths. 
Cyrus Bray died November 27th, 1831, A. 28 years. Died. 
Sarah Frances, Daughter of Horatio & Abigail Barrett, August 
24, 1833, A. 3 years, 5 months. 

Births. 

Lydia Maria, daughter of AVm. Sc Elizabeth Bowker, born 
February 8th, 1831. Mary Colton, daughter of Joseph & 
Sophronia Booth, born April 24th, 1830. Edwin, Son of Joseph 
& Sophronia Booth, born November 27th, 1832. Emily Shaw, 
Daughter of Joseph ik Sophronia Booth, was born Nov. 8, 1834. 



VITAL STATISTICS 55 

Alfred E., Son of Joseph ^: Sophronia Booth, born Jan. 14, 1839. 
A true Record. Attest P. H. Rice, Town Clerk. 

Stilman, Son of Solomon Bray, Jr., & Sybil Bray born April 
21, 1840. William Henr\', Son of Daniel & Mary Briggs, born 
August 21st, 1848. Attest. E. Flint, Town Clerk. 

Births. 

Sumner, Son of Solomon, Junr. & Sybil Bray, was born 19 
Nov. 1833. Lydia Emily, Daughter of Freeman & Martilla Bray, 
born Oct. 13, 1828. Henry Freeman, Son of Freeman ^ Martilla 
Bray, was born Oct. 24th, 1831. Melissa Ann, Daughter of 
Freeman 8c Martilla Bray, was born Oct. 6th, 1835. Cyrus, Son 
of Solomon, Jr., & Sibbyl Bray, Born April 22, 1836. A true 
Record, Attest. P. H. Rice, Town Clerk. 

Howard, Son of Solomon, Juni-. & Sibbyl Bray, Born April 
21, 1838. A true Record. Attest. P. H. Rice. Town Clerk. 

Births. 

Thomas Barns, Son of Joshua & Lovisa Buck, Born Nov. 5, 
1824. Mary Louisa, Daughter of Joshua & Lovisa Buck, Born 
Aug. 14, 1827. Sarah Lovisa, Daughter of Joshua & Lovisa 
Buck born Oct. 9, 1829. Silas M. Son of Joshua 8c Lovisa Buck, 
born Jany. 26, 1832. Francis Hayford, son of Axcil H. M: Ann 
E. Bray, was born July 3, 1842 A true record. Attest. James 
Bell, Town Clerk. 

Deaths. 

Died, Silas, Son of Joshua & Lovisa Buck, Feby 15, 1832. 
Aged 19 years. 

(To be continued. ) 



In 1852 the late Honorable Joseph W. Porter (Wayfarer) received the 
following letter from Oliver Wendell Holmes. 
"Dear Sir: 

"My terms for a lecture where I stay over night are these: Fifteen 
dollars for my expenses; a room with a fire in it, in a public house, and a 
mattress to sleep on, not a feather bed. 

"As you write in your individual capacity, I tell you at once all my 
habitual exigencies. I am afraid to sleep in a cold room, I can't sleep on a 
feather bed, I will not go to private houses, and I have fixed on the sum 
mentioned as what it is worth to me to go away for the night to places that 
cannot pay more. 

Yours truly, 

0. W. HOLMES." 



56 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Champlain's Visit to the Penobscot 

B}' Fannie Hardy Eckstorm 

[This paper summarizes two talks by Mrs. Eckstorm, "The Identi- 
fication of Champlain's Landing-place at Bangor," given March 18, 1913, 
before the Bangor Historical Society, and "Proving-up Champlain's 
Statements," May 13, 1913, before the Bangor Teachers Club.] 

At Mount Desert, September 7, 1604, Champlain met some 

Indians from the Penobscot whom he engaged as guides "into their 

river of Peimtgouet so called of them, where they told us was their 

captain named Bessabez, chief of that place." He met delays 

and no date is given until the council at Kenduskeag, September 

16, 1604, leaving nine da3's unaccounted for. The object of this 

paper is to identify Champlain's landing-place at Bangor, and the 

site of the council, and to make out the chronology of his trip from 

the time he entered the river Penobscot proper. 

"But to return to the continuation of our route. Entering into 
the river there are beautiful islands, which are very agreeable, 
with lovely broad meadows. We were at one place where the 
savages guided us which was not more than a half of a quarter of 
a league in breadth and at some two hundred paces from the 
western shore there is a rock, which is level with the water, which 
is dangerous. From there to the High Island is fifteen leagues. 
And from that narrow place (which is the least in width that we 
found) after having made some seven or eight leagues, we came 
upon a little river, near which it was necessary to let go the anchor, 
inasmuch as before us we saw there a multitude of rocks, which lie 
bare at low water, and also as, when we would have wished to pass 
farther on, we could hardly have made half a league on account of 
a waterfall which is there, which comes in a slope of some seven or 
eight feet, which I saw going in a canoe with the savages whom we 
had, and we found there of water only enough for a canoe. But 
beyond the fall, which is some two hundred paces in breadth, the 
river is beautiful and continues to be even to the place where we 
dropped anchor. I went on shore to see the country, and going 
hunting I found it very pleasing and agreeable whatever direction I 
took. It seems as if the oaks there might have been planted for 
pleasure. I saw a few spruces but very many pines on one side of 
the river, all oaks on the other, and some undergrowth which ex- 
tended far away into the country. And I will say that since our 
entry where we were, which is about twenty-five leagues, we saw 
not a single town nor village nor the appearance of one having 



CHAMPLAIN'S VISIT TO THP: PENOBSCOT 



been there, but only one or two huts of the savages where there 
was nobody. " 

"But I will leave this discourse [about Norumbega] to return to 
the savages who had led me to the falls of the river of Norumbega, 
who went to warn Bessabez, their chief, and other savages who 
went on another little river to warn their chief named Cabahis, 
and to give them notice of our arrival. 

' 'The 16th of the month there came to us some thirty savages 
upon the assurance that those gave them who had served us as 
guides. Came also said Bessabez to find us that same day with six 
canoes. As soon as the savages who were on land saw him arrive 
they all began to sing, dance and leap, until he had set foot on land; 
then afterwards they all seated themselves in a circle on the ground, 
following their custom when they wish to make some speech or 
festivity. A little later arrived Cabahis, the other chief, with 
twenty or thirty of his companions, who withdrew to one side and 
greatly rejoiced at seeing us, inasmuch as it was the first time they 
had seen Christians. Some time afterward I went on land with two 
of my companions and two of our savages who served us as inter- 
preters, and gave orders to those of our vessel to approach near 
the savages and to hold their arms ready in order to do their duty if 
they should perceive any uprising of these people against us. 
Bessabez, seeing us on shore, made us be seated and began to 
smoke with his companions, as they ordinarily do before making 
their speeches. They made us a present of venison and game. 

"I said to our interpreter that he should tell our savages that 
they should make Bessabez, Cabahis and their companions under- 
stand that the Sieur De Monts had sent me into their neighborhood 
to see them and their country also, and that he wished to hold them 
in friendship and to put them in accord with the Souriquois and the 
Canadians, their enemies, and moreover that he wished to dwell in 
their land and to show them how to cultivate it in order that they 
should no longer drag out so miserable a life as they do, and some 
other matters in keeping with the subject. Which our savages 
made them understand. With which they showed themselves to be 
very content, saying that no greater good could befall them than to 
have our friendship and they hoped that we would inhabit their 
country and [they hoped] to live at peace with their enemies so that 
in the future they might go hunting beavers more than they had ever 
done in order for us to have a part of them [in return] for supplying 
themselves with things necessary for their use. After he had 
finished his speech, I made them a present of hatchets, rosaries, 
caps, knives and other trifles. Afterward we separated from each 
other. 

"All the rest of the day and the night following, they did noth- 
ing but dance, sing and make good cheer, awaiting the day, on 
which we traded for a certain number of beavers, and after that 
each one took his leave, Bessabez in his direction and we in ours, 
well satisfied at having an acquaintance with these people. 



58 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

"The 17th of the month I took the sun and found 45 degrees 
and 25 minutes of latitude. This done we departed to go to another 
river called Quinibequy [Kennebec]." 

This is the full text of Ch;iniplain"s account of his Penobscot 
visit, (oirnttint>' only his digressions), translated dii"ectly from the 
original and carefully conijiared with it. 

Imperfect instruments or a bad chronometer made his latitude 
a little too high, the line of forty-five degrees passing through Old 
Town about twelve miles to the north. He gives no chronology of 
his trip from the date of September 7th at Mt. Desert till Sep- 
tember 16th, the date of the council at Bangor. The year of his 
visit is often, perhaps usually, given wrong; it was 1604, not 
1605. 

The topography of Champlain's narrative is not hard to 
follow. His Isle au Haulte has always retained its original name, 
and with the dwellers coast-wise its old pronunciation, which un- 
happily the modernized Isle au Haut has made provincial. The 
narrows of the river are Rucksport Narrows, the falls were Treat's 
Falls, now submerged by the AVater-works Dam at Bangor. 
Kades(|uit, the name given in his day to the little river he 
anchored near, anal3-zes into good Indian, Eel Place, and this is 
precisely the meaning given to Kenduskeag by Willis (Me. Hist. 
Coll., V. IV), and others. Mr. P. H. Vose of Bangor has substanti- 
ated the derivation by reporting that an old Indian had told him 
that formerly great quantities of large eels used to be taken by 
his peoj)le in eel traps set at the first rapids where the old post- 
office, burned recently, used to stand. 

The only points upon which authorities have differed are his 
"rocher a fleur d'eau" and his place of anchorage. 

Judge Godfi'ey thought that the "rock level with the water" was 
Fort Point Ledge, and that the landing was made at the foot of 
Newbury Street about opposite a^ half-tide ledgy islet vvhich appears 
near there and which has been called "the Rocks of Champlain. " 
Neither supposition is defensible. Champlain's course, up the 
eastern coast, took him out of the range of Fort Point Ledge, 
while the distances from Isle au Haulte and Treat's Falls show 
conclusively that Odem's Ledge, near the foot of Verona Island, 
must have been meant; that is, fifteen leagues (sailing course) from 



CHAMPLAIN'S VISIT TO THE PExNOBSCOT 59 

Isle au Haulte, or forty-one and one-half miles, brings us very 

close to Odem's Ledge, while eight leagues, twenty- two 

tenth miles, from there is almost the precise distance by government 
charts to JJangor liridge; or, seven leagues from the head of the 
narrows gives us the same thing. A French league at that time 
was 2. 764 English statute, not nautical, miles, which we do well to 
bear in mind in determining Champlain's distances. Therefore his 
"depuis ce lieu estroict .... faict quelque 7. ou 8. lieues" is good 
reckoning. 

That the so-called "Rocks of Champlain*' are misnamed is 
also revealed bv the text. They can in no wise be described as 
"quantite de rochers, "' and the}' are considerably less than the 
"demye lieue" from the falls. Half a French league from the 
present dam, measured on the latest government charts, brings us 
almost precisely to the present Bangor traffic bridge to Brewer. 
We must remember that Cham plain was an expert cartographer 
unlikely to make an error of practically one third the distance in 
measuring half a league, particularly when, as we know, he had 
passed over the space. As we know that from the Bangor bridge 
up to Treat's Falls on the Bangor side of the river there was, and 
still is much shoal ground, which in those days showed many rocks 
since removed on account of the lumber traffic there, we may rest 
assured that his "quantite de rochers," very many rocks, was 
explicit and warranted. It seems most likely that he was sailing 
up along the Bangor shore to look into the "little river" Kendus- 
keag, when he found himself confronted by this extensive shoal 
gi'ound, which reaches out to the middle of the river, the central 
pier of the bridge resting upon a considerable islet, visible at low 
water. Either he did not notice how the current cuts across there 
from the Brewer shore, or else he was satisfied with the anchorage 
under the high rocky bluff at the foot of Oak Street, (removed 
since 1870 by the railroad,) and decided to remain there. No 
doubt, too, his Indian guides pointed out to him that it was the 
nearest possible approach to their Indian village on the Kendus- 
keag. At least, the space between Pine and Oak Streets is half a 
league precisely from Treat's Falls and if we go above it we are 
exceeding the text. 

Secondarily this spot answered perfectly to his description of 



60 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

a place where the oaks were lar^e and beautiful, and well might he 
sav: "II senible que les chesnes qui y sont ayent este plantez par 
plaisir. "' There is abundant evidence of early date to show that 
the whole east side of Bangor abounded in noble oaks. We need 
mention only the Liberty Oak, which Williamson's Annals saAS 
was "the largest oak in the neighborhood;" it stood "not far from 
where the westerly end of the Bangor Bridge now is. ' ' The Reverend 
Seth Noble, in 1T86, "was installed under some ancient oaks near 
the corner of Oak and Washington Streets,'" according to Judge 
(xodfrey, who cites the Reverend Daniel Little's contemporary state- 
ment that there were here "a large number of shading oaks." If 
Champlain landed at Oak Street his first step ashore took him into 
preciselv the surroundings he described. The openness of the 
growth here may be attributed in part to the oak thriving on this 
rocky headland, but even more to the Indian custom of clearing out 
all undergrowth about their camping spots that enemies might not 
steal upon them unawares. This promontory, — and I can myself re- 
member when it was in reality a promontory, high, steep, extend- 
ing well out into the river over the whole space now occupied by 
the railroad yard, — was like a watch-tower which commanded the 
river l)oth up and down and served to defend the village on the 
stream from surprise. 

We may also infer from what we know of Indian customs and 
the lay of the land that the conference took place near here. The 
Indian village was on the easterly bank of Kenduskeag Stream very 
neai- where the Penobscot Exchange now stands. Old traditions 
establish this; and not less does the topograph}-. This location 
gave them the sun all day, protection from the north wind, good 
deep loam for their maize, a good landing-place for their canoes, 
and what they must have in any winter camp, a great spring of 
water; for in winter Indians, having no implements for cutting ice, 
had to get their water from springs whose warmth kept them 
perpetually open. Molly Molasses, who died in 1867 at the age of 
ninety-two, told my grandfather that in her girlhood, before the 
white people came in numbers, the Indians used always to camp 
"b}^ big sprin' where camp um Abram." She referred to 
Abram Woodward, proprietor of the Penobscot Exchange, "his 
camp," which is built upon or very near the old spring. She said 



CHAMPLAIN'S VISIT TO THE PENOHSCOT 61 

that in winter they hunted moose on Thomas's Hill, near the water- 
tower, and in the fall they went up the Kenduskeag for their 
winter's supply of meat. This oral tradition is borne out by the 
written statement of Jacob Holyoke, born in Brewer 1785. 

While we might expect that during this council with Cham- 
plain the Indians would come back to this favorite campground, 
the pr()l)abi)ities point to the actual council and dance being held 
not upon the site of the Exchange but toward the foot of Ex- 
change Street, at the nearest point to the junction with ^V'ashington 
Street which would afford a level space of loam free from rocks, 
offering a good view of Champlain's vessel. The ledges at the foot 
of Oak Street were much too rough and broken for this carousal of 
sixty or seventy savages. The landing-place at the foot of York 
Street, unquestionably their preferred landing for canoes, because 
there the shore was hard while just above were the rapids, was out 
of sight of the strange white visitors. 

We know, by analogy of all our streams, that the Kendus- 
keag must have had a bar across the mouth of it, which would have 
prevented Champlain's vessel going up it, just as we know by both 
analogy and tradition that "City Point," where the station now 
is, was once reall\- a point. The end of it has been dug away 
and what is left has been built up on timbers so that all outside 
the street lines is made ground ; but in those early days there 
must have been a long low, grass}', alluvial point, thrown up by 
the meeting of the two converging currents, making out from the 
hard shore on the up-stream side of the mouth of the Kenduskeag. 
It would bear scattered elms and black ashes and on the river side 
of it near where it joined the hard shore, would be a landing-place 
for canoes. It is clear that Champlain, distrusting the Indians, 
ordered most of his men to sta}' on board ship, but to work the 
vessel down to a point where with their side arms they could 
command this council and dance. He says that he took but two 
Frenchmen and two interpi-eters ashore with him "& donne charge 
a ceux de nostre barque d'approcher pres des sauuages, & tenir 
leurs armes prestes pour faire leur deuoir s'ils aper^euoient quelque 
esmotion de ces peuples contre nous." Unless the whole con- 
vocation took place at the campground on the Brewer side just 
below the bridge, this spot at the junction of Exchange and Wash- 



62 SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

in<j;ton Streets is the only place where conditions he laj's down 
coidd have been met. AMiether the precise spot were not nearer 
the present freight house depends upon how much the land there 
has been cut and filled; it was certainly not more than a musket 
shot from some safe anchorage for the vessel, which puts it a 
trifle above City Point. 

The second problem in this study of Champlain's visit is to 
reconstruct, if we can, the chronology of his trip. This is an 
interesting and a fascinating undertaking. How many of the nine 
unknown days was he up the Penobscot ? ^Vhat was he doing on 
each ? ^Vhat was the weather ? Where were the Indians ? AVas 
he more than one day in going either up or down ? Just as the 
paUeologists from a single bone of a prehistoric creature can draw a 
monster, which, accurate or not, satisfies our imaginations, so from 
this concise narrative of Champlain's we can build up a story which 
may or may not be the actual fact, but which makes a consistent 
explanation of the gap in the original. It is offered only as a 
tour dc force, but it may serve to illuminate somewhat Champlain's 
narrative and to substantiate some of his statements. 

AMiat can we learn concerning the passage up the river ? 
Scanning Champlain's narrative critically we see that his vessel 
passed Odem's Ledge about two hours before high water. He says: 
"Et {\ quelques deux cens pas de la terre de Touest y'a vn rocher 
a fleur d'eau, qui est dangereux. " His distance is too small, show- 
ing that he sighted it against the high land behind it, therefore 
that he himself went up to the eastward. That the rock — and we 
note that he says "rocher," a high, single rock, not "recif, " a 
reef, nor "chaine de rochers, ""' a ledge, showing that he knew noth- 
ing of its character — that the rock was just awash, shows the time 
qf tide. That he did not correct his error on his return most 
likely indicates that he passed with the tide at the same level or 
higher. This is the key to the whole problem. Odem's Ledge 
(and by the way Odem's is an early corruption of Oldham's) 
becomes our clock to mark the hours. A steamboat captain tells 
me that Odem's first shows above water when the tide is three feet 
down ; as they have just a trifle over ten feet average tide there — 
against an average of 13.1, (that is from twelve to fourteen feet 
according to the moon), at Bangor, — we may say that the tide is 



CHAMPLAIN'S VISIT TO THE PENOBSCOT 63 

two hours (or one third of six hours) down when Odem's shows. 
Therefore Chaniplain saw this led;^'e when the tide was four liours 
on the Hood or two on the shick. \Vhic'h ? There is no need to ask 
the question. He had Indian guides. In those days no Indian 
would ever have tried to pull a canoe against the rush of tide 
through Bucksport NaiTOW'S unless his worst enemy was close 
behind him. The tide was his servant — -provided he would wait 
for it. We may rest entirely sure that the Indians would have 
held Chaniplain back on one pretext or another until the tide was 
with them. For two hours, therefore, Champlain had wind and 
tide with him; after that the tide was adverse and the current 
also. It is not too much to allow him eight hours to sail from 
Odem's Ledge to Bangor, twenty-three miles, over an unknown 
river, with rocks, shoals and currents uncharted and no pilot but 
an Indian whose only idea of navigation was the requirements of a 
canoe drawing eight inches of water when loaded. But he had a 
bi'eeze, a heavA' "smoky sou'wester,*" we can well believe, such as 
drives up here at that season, rolling the fog up with him, pi-omis- 
ing storm but fair for his purposes for the day. 

How do we know that the weather was lowering ? By the 
haste he made to explore the country ahead of him. And here we 
have to recollect that the tide at Bangor is an hour later than it is 
at the mouth of the river. We will surmize that he passed 
Odem's at nine in the morning, high water there at eleven, but not 
low water at Bangor until about six at night. If Champlain came 
to anchor at five o'clock after his eight hours' run, he would still 
have time before dark to push ahead in a canoe and see the falls 
half a league away. AVe know the time of tide when he arrived 
by his telling us about the multitude of rocks, "qui descouurent de 
basse mer," and his telling us that "allant dedaiis vn canau" to see 
the falls, "n'y trouuasmes de I'eau que pour vn canau," we found 
only enough water for a canoe. We know it also by his descrip- 
tion of the falls, "vn sault d'eau qu'il y a, (lui vient en talus de 
qualque 7. a 8. pieds, " which comes in a slope of seven or eight 
feet. Now that was just about the height of Trent's Falls at dead 
low water. At high tide they were flowed out entirely. Cham- 
plain would have run his vessel aground upon them at high tide 
before he saw them. This may be pro\ed by study of maps, the 



64 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

present dam of fourteen feet not only covering the f!\lls but flowing 
out rapids nearly four miles above them ; all our older citizens can 
testify to this. There is no question whatever but Champlain 
saw those falls at low water; nor that he passed Odem's Ledge two 
hours from high water. AMth a good southwest wind behind him 
it was just a ftxir day's work to make the run, examine the falls and 
get back to his vessel before dark, ready for a storm on the 
morrow. Let us for an hypothesis call this day the 14th of Sep- 
tember, 

The next day would be September 15th. This day he sends 
out his Indians to find the chiefs ; he himself lands and goes hunt- 
ing ; probably it did not rain or he would not have gone hunting 
and spoken so flatteringly of our woods. His Indians went in 
different directions, some by implication up the Kenduskeag and 
"d'autres sauuages qui allerent en vne autre petite riuiere*" by 
another little river, to warn Cabahis. We observe that Bessabez, 
the Bashaba of the English, probably up the Kenduskeag on the 
best hunting grounds, is the first to arrive. Cabahis may have 
been up at Hines's Pond, or on Great Works or Pushaw, all hunt- 
ing grounds. None of these parties came in until the next day, 
the 16th. This does not mean that they were far away. It means 
that the news of these strange men in their strange boat was 
so wonderful that they had to hold a council to talk it all over and 
make up their minds. It would take them many hours to make up 
their minds to go and see such a wonder. Perhaps it rained that 
night, but more likely it continued lowering. 

The 16th of the month came in thirty Indians, then Bessabez 
with six canoes, — that is, twelve or fifteen more men, but not over 
twenty, — and then Cabahis with twenty or thirty more. Champlain 
does not know the number. They were getting so thick that it 
was hard to count them. There follows the council, the all night 
dance and next morning the barter for beaver skins. But in the 
night the weather has changed ; it has faired up, they get a smart 
breeze from the north or northwest, just right to take them down 
river, and no doubt Champlain is eager to get off* with the morning 
wind and tide. Is it that lie waits to trade with the Indians ? 
Not at all ; he might ha\ e done that with despatch. He has to 
wait till noon to take an observation of the sun. It is absolutely 



CHAMPLAIN'S VISIT TO THE PENOBSCOT 65 

essential to his map-making- to establish his latitude, and that he 
did not do it on the day after his arrival or the next proxes con- 
clusively that he had overcast weather, which goes far to establish 
the southwest wind which we assumed. "Ce faict nous partismes 
pour aller a vne autre riuiere. "' It is the last thing- they do before 
leaving. 

That is, they weighed anchor at noon of the 17th after two 
full days at Bangor. Again we must consult our tides to see how- 
it is that they pass Odem's without seeing more than they did on 
the 14th, provided that was the day. Working "})v rule of 
thumb," since there are no tide tables so far back, they ought to 
have high water today at Bangor at three o'clock, and at Odem's at 
two o'clock. But they have wind and current with them to offset 
the tide, and they know the way ; the}' will make much better head- 
way than they did in coming up. A little after two o'clock they 
begin to get the tide also and when they go down through the narrows 
at Bucksport it is with both breeze and a racing- current to carry them 
along. Will they get past Odem's Ledge before four o'clock while 
it is still just "a fleur d'eau ?*' Can they make those twenty-three 
miles in scant four hours ? If they can then they probably came 
up the river on the 14th of September with the tide just about as 
we have set it, provided that the moon was well out of the way. 
And I think that on the 13th Champlain had sailed from Isle au 
Haulte somewhere to the Dotian Shore abo\e Castine ; for he seems 
to know just how far that island is from Odem's Ledge, "fifteen 
leagues," says he. 

In a recent letter to Mrs. Eckstorm, Prof. W. F. Ganong, editor of the 
New England Section of the Definitive Edition of Champlain's Works, now 
in publication, says: 

"You are entirely correct about the date of Champlain's visit to Ban- 
gor; it was 1604. They came to Acadia in May, settled on St. Croix Island 
in late June and as soon as matters were fixed there, Champlain started to 
explore southward— started Sept. 2 from St. Croix Island. The next year, 
1605, he went with De Monts as far as Nauset near Cape Cod, but the ship 
passed Penobscot Bay without entering the river, and he did the same on his 
third trip in 1606. The truth is that some commentators have confused the 
first and second trips, or rather, as they covered much the same ground, 
have tried to combine them, and hence, 1605 being the date of the longer 
expedition has been assumed as that of the Penobscot visit. But Bangor 
was visited in 1604. " - [ Ed. ] 



66 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



Wayfarer's Notes 



[The late Hon. Joseph W. Porter of Bangor, from 1885 to 1893, pub- 
lished "The Bangor Historical Magazine," and after its discontinuance and 
for a few years prior to his decease, he contributed to the Bangor Commer- 
cial a series of exceedingly valuable papers relating to the early history of 
eastern Maine. 

These were all written by Mr. Porter and published under the nom de 
plume of "Wayfarer" and known as "Wayfarer's Notes." 

Like all of his historical research these notes are of inestimable value 
for their accuracy and the care with which they were prepared. 

By courtesy of Mr. Samuel L. Boardman, a former well known editorial 
writer of Bangor and Augusta newspapers, we have been able to secure 
copies of them and shall hereafter publish these notes in future editions of 
the Journal, believing that they will be one of its features that will be highly 
appreciated and prized by our readers.] 



Notes of the Early Histoiy of the Catholic Church in 

Eastern Maine 

Champlain found the Indians here; the first of which I find 
any record of on Penobscot River. He had many conferences with 
them, and like a good Catholic he taught them how to live as 
Christians live, they having never seen any before. 

This was the first Christian missionary work in New England, 
in what is now Bangor or Brewer, a fact which the historians 
have overlooked. 

The Indians gave Champlain venison and among other things 
he gave them "pater-nosters. " 

From the time 160t^ to the present the Indians have been 
Catholics and never "without the sign'' although they may have 
been without priests at times. 

In 1606 another expedition came over which was a failure. 
In 1611 a third expedition came but from some cause returned to 
France, leaving two priests, Fr. Pierre Biard and Fr, Enemond 
Masse at Fort Royal, Nova Scotia. These priests determined to 
find a location for a Christian town, and while voyaging along the 
coast of Maine, they came to Penobscot river, and followed it up 



WAYFARER'S NOTES 67 

to Kadesjuit (now Bangor), where they found the h)cation the}' 
wanted and determined to hicate here. They also found the 
Indians. They returned to Port Royal where another expedition 
arrived June 12, 1613, with other priests and settlers. In a few 
days they sailed for Kadesjuit (Kenduskeag), taking on board Fr. 
Biard and Fr. Masse. 

After several days in a Passamaquoddy fog, they came in sight 
of Mt. Desert Island. The crew rebelled and said their contract 
was up, but thev were pacified, and the vessel kept on and came to 
the easterly coast of the island, where they came to anchor "in a 
fine large harbor," where they redeemed their vows, raised the 
Cross, sang praises to God and celebrated the Holy Mass. 

This place they named St. Savior. The historians have 
located this landing at Bar Harbor, but that place never had a 
"fine large harbor," only a small harbor for fishing vessels behind the 
bar that makes from the main island over to Rodick's Island. Even 
now in a fresh breeze steamers and other vessels have run up to the 
main land for safety. I call Southwest Harbor the ancient St. 
Savior. 

There they found some Indians who told them that Asticou, 
three leagues distant, was a better site. In spite of the protests of 
the priests it was determined to settle there. 

The founder of the mission at what is now Old Town was the 
Abbe, Louis P. Thury, who w^as sent there in 1687. He built the 
first church there in 1688 or 1689. He had great influence over 
the Indians. He left Old Town in 1695. He died at Chebucto, 
N. S., June 3, 1699, much lamented. He was succeeded on the 
Penobscot by Fr. Gaulin and Fr. Ragoet (Bigot). Fr. Elzear de 
St. Florentine was ten years at St. Peter's Fort at Pentagoet. 
I think this was what is now Castine. 

In 1697, the priests were at Pentagoet. The general court 
appointed Captain John Alden, Jr., and Major James Converse 
commissioners to make a treaty with the Penobscot and other 
eastern Indians. 

They met at Pentagoet October 14, 1697. They had much dis- 
cussion pro and con but finally the commissioners insisted upon the 
release of all prisoners and the banishment of the French priests. 



68 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

The Indians offered to set free the prisoners who should take 
their own choice, to go home or stay with their Indian friends, but 
they would not agree to drive away the "good missionaries.'" To 
which the commissioners agreed, and the old chronicler adds, 
"that the Indians sang the songs of Peace." 

Fr. Joseph Aubrey was a missionary at Pentagoet prior to 
1709. Fr. Syresne, a Catholic missionary, was on the Penobscot 
River prior to 1718. 

The old voyagers and historians have not made it plain where 
the great Indian settlement was on Penobscot River. It was at Old 
Town or Passadumkeag. 

Louis XIV, king of France, gave money to build a church at 
Medoctic near Eel River on the St. John in 1718, where many 
Maine Indians attended. It is said that the king sent over a 
French architect to build a chapel for worship on the Penobscot 
River. 

Reverend Jonathan Greenleaf of ^^'^ells in his historical sketches 
of 1821, says it was at Indian Old Town. 

Mr. Greenleaf was familiar with the Penobscot Indians and 
their traditions, having visited them many times. 

In 1718, Fr. (Pierre) Laverjat was here on Penobscot River. 
His chapel was burned, probably in 1723; he went to France the 
same year to get assistance for his church. He probably went 
afterward to Medoctic on the St. John River. He was at Passa- 
wamske on Penobscot River in 1727; this, I think, was Passadum- 
keag. 

"After the retirement of Fr. Syresne and Fr. Laverjat, there 
is no evidence of any resident pastor of the Catholic Missions of 
Maine" for many years, unless it was Fr. Francois E. Lesuer. 



The l^angor Theological Seminary 

Mrs. Abigail Bailey was the wife of the Newcastle minister. 
Rev. Kiah Bailey, and was the first person that I learn of who 
suggested a theological seminary in Bangor. Prior to this time 
she had this matter of religious education in her mind. 



WAYFARER'S NOTES 69 

Reverend David I. Cushnian, successor of Reverend Kiah 
Bailey, in his history of Newcastle, gives her full credit. 

She was a woman of great aoility. In 1814 she wrote to 
Mrs. Jacob McGaw, urging her to make an effort to collect a 
Sabbath school in Bangor for the benefit of the children and youth. 

Mrs. McGaw was a Godly woman and she employed Miss 
Martha Allen as superintendent of the Sabbath school in Bangor 
and this was the first in the town. 

I believe at the suggestion of Mrs. Bailey, that Reverend Kiah 
Bailey, Reverend John Sawyer, who had moved to Bangor from 
Boothbay, and Reverend Jotham Sewell of Chesterville, all more or 
less missionaries, had conferences about the needs of the newer part 
of the State in 1810-11. 

Their first thought was to form a religious education society, 
rather than a seminary. This matter was talked over with other 
Maine ministers and the result was a petition to the General Court, 
and an act, just what they wanted, drawn by that ever fast friend of 
the seminary, Samuel E. Dutton, Esquire, of Bangor, was passed : 

"An Act to Incorporate the Society for Theological Education. Ap- 
proved 27 Feb., 1812. To assist those well disposed young men that are 
desirous of entering into the gospel ministry but by a deficiency of 
pecuniary resources are unable to qualify themselves for a station so im- 
portant and useful." 

The corporators were: Rev. John Sawyer, Bangor, 1806-1813; Rev. 
Eliphalet Gillett, Hallowell, 1793-1827; Rev. Kiah Bailey, Newcastle, 1797- 
1823; Rev. Jotham Sewell, Chesterville, 1786-1849; Rev. Francis Brown, 
Yarmouth, 1810-1815, President Dartmouth college; Rev. William Jenks, 
Bath, 1808-1812; Rev. Asa Rand, Gorham, 1809-1822; Rev. Edward Payson, 
Portland, 1807-1827; Rev. Asa Lyman, Bath, Windham; Rev. David 
Thurston, Winthrop, 1807-1851; General Henry Sewall of Augusta; Doctor 
Ammi R. Mitchell, North Yarmouth. 

This act did not pro\ e to be satisfactory and the same parties 
came to the conclusion that a school or seminary was needed to 
carr}' out the purposes set forth in the act. 

Another charter was asked, and granted by the General Court 
in 1814, which was as follows: 

"An Act to Incorporate the Maine Charity School in the county of 
Hancock. Approved Feb. 2.5, 1814. To establish a literary seminary." 
Names of trustees in the act were: Rev. John Sawyer of Bangor, Rev. 
Kiah Bailey of Woolwich, Rev. Eliphalet Gillett of Hallowell, Rev. William 
Jenks of Bath, Rev. Mighill Blood of Bucksport, Rev. Asa Lyman of 



70 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Windham, Rev. David Thurston of Winthrop, Rev. Harvey Loomis of Ban- 
gor, Hon. Ammi R. Mitchell of North Yarmouth, Samuel E. Button, 
Esquire, of Bangor. 

This was ail honest attempt to provide a seniiiiary of learning 
for poor men, to fit them to preach in the newer settlements. 

Tlie early trustees were most of them college graduates, but 
had not what would now be called a theological education. They 
studied theology with ministers of note. In this last act "Father 
Seweir* dropped out as trustee, probably at his own rec{uest. 

The scheme moved slowly, the war was on, and the people were 
poor. It was not organized for two years. 

Rexerend Doctor Enoch Pond in his historical address, July 
2, 1870, says that the first meeting of the trustees "was held at 
the house of Major Samuel Moor in Montville, in May, 1816." 
AVh}' the meeting was held there is a puzzle. 

Mr. Joseph Williamson of Belfast writes me that Moor's name 
does not appear on the town books, and that the town clerk never 
heard of him. Mr. Williamson adds, "neither the list of military 
officers nor of tavern keepers include him." At that period, 
Mont\ille was not on any thoroughfare ; in fad there was no stage 
route through it from Belfast to Augusta until much later. I can- 
not concei\e why the trustees of the school should organize there 
unless to combine the interests of Lincoln, Kennebec and Hancock 
Counties. 

Nevertheless, Samuel Moor of Davistown (Montville), had 
lived tliere in January, 1800, and in Searsport in 1816, so Hancock 
records say. 

Allen's biograjihical dictionary says that one Samuel Moor 
died in Albion, October 21, 1854, aged nearly one hundred and six. 

The officers chosen were : Reverend Edward Payson of Port- 
land, president; Reverend Eliphalet Gillett of Hallowell, vice presi- 
dent ; Reverend Kiah Bailey of Newcastle, secretary ; and Samuel E. 
Dutton, Escjuire, of Bangor, treasurei-. 

At this time Hampden was the largest town on Penobscot 
River. (In 1820 it was larger than Bangor.) 

General John Crosby of Hampden was t)ne of the merchant 
princes of the State. At one time he imported more goods from 
the West Indies than anv other man in the State. If the sails of 



WAYFARER'S NOTES 71 

his ships did not whiten everv sea they came nearer to it than any 
other Maine man. 

A kinsman of" mine, who was captain of one of his ships, 
was in France durinj^ one of the French revohitions, 1792-1794, and 
staved there with his ship for nearly two yeare. 

General Crosby worked hard to remo\ e the shire town of Han- 
cock County from Castine to Hampden, and barely missed success. 

Under all these circumstances and with the powerful influence 
of General Crosby in its behalf, it was thought best to locate in 
Hampden. 

The academy there was incorporated, March 7, 1808, and was 
the first of its kind on the Penobscot River. Its building had just 
been completed and a room was hired in it for the use of the 
students and for which rent was paid. 

The seminary was opened in October, 1816. The first year 
it had one professor, Reverend Jehudi Ashmun. In 1817, the 
Reverend Abijah Wines was added. He graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1794, and a third was also added, Ebenezer Cheever, who 
graduated at Bowdoin College in 1817. 

In 1817, Mr. Dutton resigned the office of treasurer and 
Eliashib Adams was chosen in his stead, Novemljer 26. He held 
the office nineteen years. (His grandson is now the treasurer. ) 
The same day it was voted to pay General Crosby twenty dollars, 
probably for the rent of the academy building. 

In 1818 the trustees voted to change the location and give it 
to the town that would subscribe the largest sum for the mainte- 
nance of the institution. Reverend Mighill Blood of Bucksport, 
Samuel E. Dutton of Bangor and Thomas Adams of Castine 
were appointed a committee to receive subscriptions. As near as 
I can see they were as follows. 

Castine $7644 

Bucksport 6200 

Hampden 7751 

Brewer 8468 

Bangor 8960 

And Bangor got it. I fear that not all the subscriptions were 
paid. 

In the autumn of 1819 the seminary was removed to Bangor. 
Recitations were held in the Court House, afterward the (old) City 



72 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



Hall, and in a room in the house of Alexander Savage at the corner 
of Main and Water Streets. 

The same year the old professors or teachers resigned : Reverend 
Professor Ashmun went to Deer Isle, 1819 to 1831. He died at 
Worcester, February 11, 1833, aged sixty-seven. Professor 
Wines went to Africa as an agent for a colonization society. He 
returned and died in New Haven, August 25, 1828, aged thirty 
years. 

Professor Cheever was minister at several places. He was a 
somewhat remarkable man. He died in Michigan, December 31, 
1860. 

Upon the opening of the seminary in 1820 Reverend John 
Smith was appointed professor with a salary of seven hundred 
dollars, "if the treasur-er thought necessary for his support," and 
Reverend Bancroft Fowler was appointed a professor at a salary of 
eight hundred dollars. 

They were inaugurated in March, 1820. March 8, 1820, 
the treasurer was authorized to "pay tuition for students at 
Bangor Young Ladies' Academy." I am at a loss to know what 
this meant unless it was for a foundation of the "English Course," 
we have heard so much of in later years. 

Isaac Danforth of Milton, Massachusetts, gave June 11, 1821, 
the seminary, "a lot of land near the village of Bangor containing 
about seven and one-half acres," for the permanent establishment 
of the institution as founded and organized, with some other con- 
ditions. "If the trustees at any time fail in the performance of 
the conditions of the deed it shall be null and void.'^" 

Mr. Davenport was an old fashioned Orthodox Unitarian, but 
be believed that the institution should be permanent. He owned 
most all of the John Dennett estate lying on the westerly side of 
Union Street. He gave a lot for the Independent Congregational 
Unitarian Church, where their meeting-house now stands. 

(To be continued. ) 



(a) Hancock Registry of Deeds, Vol. 7. 



Sprague's Journal of Maine History 

PUBLISHED QUARTERLY 
Vol. 1 JULY, 1913 No. 2 

JOHN FRANCIS SPRAGUE, Dover, Maine, Editor and Publisher, to wliom all com- 
munications should be addressed. 

Entered as seeond elass matter, at tlie post office at Dover, Maine. 

TERMS: For all numbers issued durins the ji-ar, iTichidintr an index and all special is- 
sues, $1.00. Sintrle copies, >j cents. Bound volumes, containing all of the i.ssues for one year, 
Si. 50. Postage prepaid. 

" IVe imist look a little into that process of natio7i-m.aki7ig 
which has been goiiig on since prehistoric ages and is going 
on here among ns to-day, and jrovi the recorded experience 
of men in times long past we may gather lesso7is of infinite 
value for ourselves and for our children'' s children.'" 

— John Fiske. 



It Spells Success 

The reviews of, and kindly words of commendation for the 
Journal, by the press of Maine and New England, have been ex- 
ceedingly gratifying. 

Our rapidly inci'easing subscription list is not only very en- 
couraging to the publisher but establishes beyond doubt the fact 
that the people of Maine are today more deeply interested in 
Maine History than ever before, and yet the Journal's subscription 
list is by no means confined to Maine for it has already reached 
into eight other States, all of which is a source of much encourage- 
ment and we believe it spells Success for the Journal. 

Our readers are favored by a paper in this issue, from the pen 
of that noted and talented Maine authoress, Fannie Hardy 
Eckstorm, upon the important historical subject of Champlain's 
exploration of the Penobscot in 1604, and the result of her research 
as to the identical spot which he visited upon the territory where 
is now the city of Bangor. 

We feel confident that this will be appreciated by all as it is 
certainly a valuable contribution to the colonial histoiy of Maine. 

Honorable Willis E. Parsons of Foxcroft, Grand Patriarch of 
the Grand Encampment of the I. O. O. F. of Maine, is preparing 
a history of Odd Fellowship in Piscataquis County, which will be 
published in a special issue of the Journal in the near future. 



74 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



Notes and Fragments 

March 29, 1913, William P. AVhitehouse, Chief Justice of 
the Supreme Judicial Court of Maine, tendered his resignation to 
Governor Haines after thirty-five consecutive years of judicial 
life, he having attained the age of nearly seventy-one years. 
Governor Haines thereupon appointed the Honorable Warren C. 
Philbrook of Augusta, and formerly of Waterville, to fill the 
vacancy caused by the resignation of Chief Justice Whitehouse. 

Justice Philbrook was born in Sedgwick, Maine, November SO, 
1857. He was the son of lAither G. and Angelia (Coflin) Phil- 
brook. He graduated from Colby University in 1882. He has 
been judge of the Waterville Municipal Court, mayor of Water- 
ville, member of the Maine Legislature and Attorney General of 
Maine. He is a descendant of Thomas Philbrick, who was born 
in England in 1583, and came to New England from Lincolnshire, 
England, in 1630. The original family name is spelled in the early 
records as Philbrick, Philbrucke, Philbrok and Philbrook. 

On the same day Justice Albert Russell Savage was appointed 
Chief Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Maine by Gov- 
ernor Haines, he being the eleventh Chief Justice of this court 
since Maine became a state in 1820. 

Chief Justice Savage, son of Charles W. and Eliza M. 
(Cloufrh) Savage, was born in Ryegate, Vermont, December 8, 
1847, and graduated from Dartmouth College in 1871. He was 
a member of the Maine Legislature several terms and speaker of 
the House of Repi-esentatives in 1893, and was appointed a Justice 
of the Supreme Judicial Court in 1897. We assumed that he was 
a descendant of Thomas Savage who emigrated to Massachusetts 
from England in 1635, but upon writing to him to verify this 
assumption we discovered our error by the following interesting 
letter received in reply to our inquiry. 

"Auburn, April 15, 1913. 
"Dear Bro. Sprague: 

"Replying to your inquiry, I will saythat I am not a descend- 
ant of the Thomas Savage of whom you speak, but I believe that 
mv ancestors were his kin — how near I have no means of knowinir. 



NOTES AND FRAGMENTS 75 



"In a Ijook entitled the 'Savages of the Ards, ' published 
in Dublin about twenty-five years ago, is found a genealogy of the 
Cheshire Savages whose ancestral halls were at Rock Savage, in 
Clifton, in Cheshire, The grand fixther of Thomas Savage was Sir 
John Savage, sometimes Sheriff" of Chester County. Thomas's 
father, William, seems to have settled in Taunton, vvhere Thomas 
was born in 1608, as my book says. To mark the connection 
which I point out, or rather guess at, it is only necessary to add 
that over his grave in Boston the arms of "Rock Savage" were 
placed. Also that in the twenty-two generations of the Cheshire 
family, there were foui'teen Johns and tlu'ee Thomases, who were 
eldest sons. 

"My eldest ancestor (Savage), of whom I have any authentic 
information, was married at Hartford, Conn., in 1652, and 
afterwards lived and died in that part of Middletown, Conn., 
which is now called Cromwell. He died in 1684-5. But his age, 
or how old he was at marriage, I have never been able to ascertain. 
As Hartford was settled by Parson Hooker's congregation from 
Newton, Mass., in 1636, I have been led to think that John's 
fjither may have been one of Hooker's congregation. And if so, 
John was probably a boy when they left Massachusetts. There is 
in Connecticut a tradition in the family that they were descended 
from the Cheshire branch of Savages, and there is I am told, some- 
where in the Connecticut family "a very old blazon of arms identi- 
cal with the arms of Savage of Rock Savage, County of Chester." 
I have never seen it, but the fact is stated in a genealogy of 
my own branch of Savages, published twenty or more years ago, by 
a careful genealogist. After my first John, there was another 
John, then a TJiomas, then a Thoinas, then a Seth, then a John, 
my grandfather. 

"I ma\' add that in the "Savages of the Ards" above referi-ed 
to, some of the American branches are given, among them the 
descendants of the Boston Thomas, and others more or less 
scattered. Among the lattei- I found my own name. 

"So that I think there is a very strong likelihood, something 
short of a certaint}', that my John was kin of the Boston Thomas, 
but how near I have no means of knowing. 

"This is all I know. 

"Sincerely yours, 

A. R. SAVAGE." 



76 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

About the middle of the seventeenth century the Massa- 
chusetts Bay Colony made considerable effort to fraternize, convert 
and educate the Indians. 

About the only one of the Colonists, however, who ever at- 
tained any dejnrree of success in this direction was the famous lin- 
guist and preacher, John Elliott, familiar in New England history 
as "Apostle Elliott." 

The only known result of this scheme to educate the Indians 
was that one Indian was a student at Harvard of the class of 1665, 
who succeeded in attaining the bachelor's degree. He bore the 
simple and easy name of Caleb Cheeshahteaumuck. 



Thk town of Levant was incorporated June 14, 1813, and the 
town has decided to observe its 100th anniversary August 14, 1913. 
The town and Grange have united and selected a good working 
connuittee to make preparations for this e\ ent, with C. W. Fernald, 
president ; C. F. Wilson, secretary ; and B. W. Higgins, treasurer. 



The town of St. Albans celebrated its 100th aiuiiversary on 
June 13, 1913. Literary exercises were held in the afternoon, 
consisting of addresses by Honorable David D. Stewart of St. 
Albans, Daniel Lewis of Skowhegan and George H. Morse of 
Bangor. A historical sketch of the town prepared by the histor- 
ical committee, David D. Stewart, Mrs. Anna L. Vining and Mrs. 
Mvra Goodwin, was followed by speeches by Representatives of 
the G. A. R., the Grange and other local institutions. 



Faxkie HAiinv EcKSTOim, whose valuable paper on Champlain 
appears in another colunni, has long been a writer of note along- 
various literary lines, more especially ornithology, local history, 
genealogy, the Maine Woods and wood-craft, pedagogy, literary 
criticism, etc. 

The following comprises some of her most famous writings ; 
1888. The Great Auk in New England, The Auk, September, 
1888. 



REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIERS PISCATAQUIS CO. 77 

1889. Out-of-door Papers. Eleven papers in Forest and Stream. 
1891. In the Region Round Nicatowis. Ten papers in Forest 

and Stream, January to March 1891. 
1891. Six Years Under Maine Game Laws. Eleven papers in 

Forest and Stream, March to July, 1891. 
1893. The Baron of Pentagoet. A historical tale of St. Castin. 

In Historia (Chicago,) March to December. 
1901. The Bird Book. (D. C. Heath & Co.) 

1901, The Woodpeckers. (Houghton, Mifflin Sc Co.) 

1902. Description of the Adult Black Merlin, in The Auk. 
1904. The Death of Thoreau's Guide. Atlantic Monthly, June 

1904. 
1904. The Penobscot Man. (Houghton, Mifflin & Co.) 

1907. David Libbey. (American LTnitarian Society.) 

1908. Thoreau's Maine Woods. The Atlantic Monthly. 

1913. The Wasted Years. The Atlantic Monthly. (In their 
hands now to be published within the year.) 



Revolutionary Soldiers of Piscataquis County 

By Edgar C. Smith. 

[For a number of years Judge Smith has been collecting material 
regarding the Revolutionary Soldiers, who became early settlers of Piscata- 
quis County. Biographical sketches of seventeen of these pioneers appear 
in Vol. 1 of the Collections of the Piscataquis County Historical Society. 
It is his intention to complete the list if it is possible to obtain the data. — 
Editor.] 

STEVENS SPOONER. Saxgkuvili,!.. 

Stevens Spooner was the fifth in descent from William 
Spooner, the immigrant. William came to Plymouth in New Eng- 
land about 1637. In 1660 he removed to Dartmouth, Massa- 
chusetts, and died there in 1684. His oldest son was Samuel, born 



78 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

January 1-1, 1655, probably in Plymouth; died at Dartmouth in 
1739. 

Daniel was the third son of Samuel, born February 28, 1 694, 
at Dartmouth, died at Petersham, Massachusetts, in 1797. \Vino-, 
the fourth son of Daniel, and the father of the subject of this 
sketch, was born at Petersham, December 29, 1738, and died there 
December 7, 1810. 

During the French and Indian war Wing Spooner enlisted, 
when about nineteen years of age, in the company of Captain Stone. 
In 1758 he was transferred to the company of Captain Alexander 
Dalrvmple, where he had a long ser\ ice. He was a pioneer advo- 
cate of American independence, and at the breaking out of the 
Revolution he enlisted in Captain John Wheeler's company, but 
was soon promoted to a captaincy. 

Captain Spooner was very active in recruiting for the army, 
and so great was his devotion to the cause that he secured the en- 
listment of his two sons, Stevens and Ruggles, at tender ages, 
before they were actually, physically able to carry a musket. He 
married Eunice, daughter of Joseph Stevens, January 27, 1763, 
and was the father of twelve children, the eldest of whom was 
Stevens. 

Stevens Spooner was born at Petersham, Massachusetts, 
August 17, 1763. On the 5th of September, 1777, at the age of 
fourteen years, he enlisted in his father's company. Colonel Cush- 
ing's regiment, and served three months and five days, receiving his 
discharge November 29. The family tradition in regard to this 
enlistment is that he was a servant or orderly to his father, the 
captain. The Spooner genealogy says he was at the battle of 
Bennington, but as that occurred on August 16, 1777, and his first 
recorded enlistment was September 5, following, it is obvious that 
he was not present as an enlisted soldier, although he may have 
been with his father in camp. He undoubtedly took part in the 
battle of Saratoga and was present at Burgoyne's surrender; the 
last named fact being recorded in the genealogy. 

After his service in his father's company he next enlisted, the 
following summer, in the company of Captain Peter Woodbury, 
Colonel Jacob Gerrish's regiment; this service was from July 13, 
1778, to November 9, 1778, during a part of which time Captain 



REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIERS PISCATAQUIS CO. 79 

Woodbury's company was with the detachment of Lieutenant 
Colonel Nathan Tyler's guards. During the campaign Captain 
Woodbury was succeeded by Lieutenant Jewett. The day follow- 
ing his discharge from Captain Woodbury's company, November 
10, 1778, he enlisted in Captain David Jewett's company, Colonel 
Gerrish's regiment, of guards; he was discharged December 12, 
1778. 

The boy then took a well deserved rest for nearly a year. On 
October 5, 1779, he again enlisted, this time in Captain William 
Henry's company, and was discharged November 10, after a service 
of one month and ten days at Castle and Governor's Islands. 

The summer of 1780, when he was barely seventeen years old, 
on July 10, he entered upon his fifth enlistment. This was in 
Captain Ephraim Stearns' company. Colonel John Rand's regiment. 
Colonel Rand's regiment was stationed at West Point and was a 
part of the command received by General Benedict Arnold in 
August, 1780, which he so traitorously planned to surrender to the 
British in the following September. 

Stevens Spooner received his discharge from this service 
October 10, 1780. This was his last service of which I have 
found any record ; certainly an honorable one for a lad. He was 
just past fourteen years at his first enlistment and only a little over 
seventeen at the end of his fifth and final one. 

After his Revolutionary service he returned to Petersham and 
on July 2, 1787, he married Sarah, daughter of John and Rebecca 
(Rice) Hodgkins. 

The Spooner genealogy says that he removed to Sangerville, 
Maine, soon after his marriage ; but this is evidently an error, for 
on March 9, 1814, we find him conveying land in the deeds of 
which he recites his residence to be Eddington. (See Penobscot 
Records of Deeds, Vol. 1, page 526; also Hancock Deeds, Vol. 33, 
page 337, where on July 2, 1813, he also recites his residence as 
Eddington. ) He probably settled in Maine soon after his mar- 
riage, but in the town of Eddington for a number of years, instead 
of going directly to Sangerville. 

From the town records of Sangerville we find that at a meet- 
ng of the legal voters of the town held on the first Monday in 
April, 1815, Stevens Spooner was chosen moderator; so we may 



80 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

safely infer that sometime between March 1814< and April 1815 he 
became a settler of the town. 

On July 1, 1815, he received a deed from Calvin Sanger, the 
proprietor, of lot fifteen, range fifteen in Sangerville, containing 
one hundred and six acres, according to the Isaac Coolidge map of 
1807. From 1815 to 1820 he held various town offices in Sanger- 
ville, including school committee and survejor of lumber. 

Stevens and Sarah Spooner had eight children : Lois, born 
December 3, 1791 ; Lewis, born August 23, 1793; Clarrissa, born 
October 26, 1795; she married Isaiah Knovvlton, Esq.; Leonard, 
born September 10, 1798; Paul, born December 1800; Eunice, 
born January 2, 1802; Lucretia, born February, 1805; Daniel, 
born December 26, 1808. 

There are three different dates given for the death of Stevens 
Spooner. The Spooner genealogy and the Maine genealogy, 
edited by Professor Little, give the date August 17, 1827. The 
tombstone, August 17, 1828; and the town records of Sangerville, 
July 17, 1827. Which is correct I am unable to determine; but 
the probabilities seem to me to favor that given in the town 
records, as that appears to have been made contemporaneously with 
the event. 

His remains rest in the cemetery at Knowlton's Mills, East 
Sangerville, and as above mentioned, the spot is marked by an ap- 
propriate tablet. His wife, Sarah, survived him twelve years. 
She died July 4, 1840, and is buried at his side. 



To Bookbuyers and Others 

Are you in want of any out of print book or publication ? If so, I 
should be pleased to assist you. I am in communication with many of 
the largest dealers in second-hand and out-of-print books in all sec- 
tions of the United States, England, France and Germany, and receive 
their catalogues regularly. I will assist you in looking up any genea- 
logical or historical data you desire. Charges moderate. Any 
current publication which you do not find at your book store I will ob- 
tain for you at short notice. 

EDGAR C. SMITH, 

Foxcroft, Maine. 



THE few ALBANS CENTENNIAL 81 



The St. Albans Centennial 

June 13, 1913, St. Albans celebrfited its one hundredth anni- 
\ersarv as a town. The first settlement was in the yeai- 1800 and 
it was the one hundred and ninetv-ninth town incorporated in the 
District of Maine. The celebration was under the direction of the 
t'ollowiiif)- connnittees : 

Centennial Conunittee, Stewart H. Goodwin, Henry C. Pres- 
cott, Alfred P. Bi^elow. 

Historical Committee, Honorable David D. Stewart, Mrs. 
Anna L. \'ining, Mrs. Myra Goodwin. 

Conunittee on Correspondence, Honorable Milton L. Merrill, 
Mrs. Susie J. Lucas, Mrs. Mabel Bi^-elow. 

Conunittee on Program, Oscar W. Bigelow, Lincoln Merrick, 
Mrs. Lena Mebane. 

Reception Committee, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Lucas, Mr. and 
Mrs. Daniel L. Frost, Mr. and Mrs. Louis B. Johnson, Mr. and 
Mrs. l)a\id R. Longley, Mr. and Mrs. H. O. Turner, Mr. and 
Mrs. Hugh F. Goodwin. 

Conunittee on Decorations, ^Valter O. Hilton, Preston W. 
Libby, Mrs. Myra Brawn. 

Conunittee on Parade and Sports, Frank N. V'ining, C. J. 
Worthen, M. H. Martin. 

Committee on Souvenirs and Badges, W. H. Watson, Miss 
Stella Emery, Mrs. Gladys A\erill. 

Committee on Refreshments, C. C. Hanson, Charles S. Hilton, 
Charles E. Moore. 

Committee on Printing and Anticjues, Albert F. Hurd, Elwyn 
N. (irant, Selden J. Martin. 

The parade in the morning was a magnificent one for so small 
a town and would have done ci-edit to a much larger town or city. 

The literary exercises took place in the public square in the 
afternoon and evening and a great audience was in attendance. 
Stewart H, Goodwin acted as president of the day. Among other 
speakers were Honorable David D. Stewart of St. Albans, 
Honorable Daniel Lewis of Skowhegan, Honorable George H. 
Morse of Bangor, Reverend Albert \V. Frye of St. Albans, Mr. 
F. W. Paige of Palmyra, Doctor F. O. Lyford of Farmington and 
Worthy Master Hugh F. Goodwin represented the Grange. Com- 
mander Otis Turner of the George A. Goodwin Post spoke for the 
Grand Army, and an original poem, "Echoes from Hackett's 
Hill," by Stewart H. Gooilwin was read. The historical sketch 
prepared by the historical conunittee was exceedingly interesting. 



82 



SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINi: HISTORY 



The Bangor Commercial 
Maine's Best Paper. 



Trial subscription to Daily $1.00 

for 3 months. 
Weekly 3 mos. for 25 cents, one 

year $1.00. 

The Coininercial (Daily and Weekly) 
offers advertisers the most powerful 
advertising influence that can be 
brought to bear on Maine trade. 

J. P. BASS PUBLISHING CO., 

PUBLISHERS, 

BANGOR, - MAINE 

Eastern Trust and Banking 
Company 

BANGOR, MAINE 

ESTABLISHED IN 1887. 



Capital, - - . $175,000 

Surplus and Profits (Earned), 300,000 
Stockholders' Liability, - 175,000 

$850,000 
$5,000,000 



Deposits, 



Wm. W. Roberts Co. 

Stationers and Blank 
Book Manufacturers. 

Office Supplies, 

Filing Cabinets, 

and Card Indexes. 

233 Middle Street, 
PORTLAND, - MAINE. 



COME TO 

Dow & Boyle's 

FOR YOUR 

STYLISH, UP-TO-DATE 
CLOTHING. 

Adler's Collegian, Kirschbaum 
Clothes, Hercules Suits for Boys. 
Ed. V. Price Tailoring Line. 
Gents' Furnishings. 

• DON'T FORGET 
DOW & BOYLE, Dover, Me. 

EquipYour Office 

This year with a Shaw- 
Walker Card Index or 
Filing System. Send today 
for catalogue and price list. 

LORING, SHORT 
& HARMON, 



PORTLAND, 



MAINE. 



KINEO TRUST CO., 

DOVER, MAINE. 

Organized in 1905, to meet the bank- 
ing needs of this community, Kineo 
Trust Company has steadily grown in 
strength and public favor, until today 
it is universally recognized as one of 
the large and strong financial institu- 
tions of Eastern Maine. 

Liberal Interest paid on 
Savings Deposits. 

J. F. HUGHES, Pres. C. C. HALL, V. Pres. 
G. L. ARNOLD, Treas. 



We have positive evidence of the reliability of the advertisers on these pages. 




HONORABLE WILLIS E. PARSONS 

of Foxcroft. Maine 

Grand Patriarch of tiie Grand Encaiiipincnt of the Independent Order of Odd 

Fellows of the State of Maine 



Sprague's Journal of Maine History 

Vol. I SEPTEMBER, 1913 No. 3 

Odd Fellowship in Piscataquis County 

By Honorable Willis E. Parsons 

The Independent Order of Odd Fellows is now known and 
recognized among men as the greatest fraternal organization on the 
globe. 

Millions are the recipients of its beneficent works and the 
people as well as the philanthropist would know more of that 
Society which labors so earnestly for the good of humanity, the 
alleviation of woe and the elevation of all mankind. Where did it 
originate? What is this remarkable Order that, not in four 
thousand years, but in less than a centviry has outgrown every 
other, and become the giant of them all? What is it that so 
appeals to the hearts of men, causing millions to worship at its 
shrine? 

As no outline of the history of Odd Fellowship in Piscataquis 
County, or any other part of the jurisdiction of the Sovereign 
Grand Lodge, would be complete without a brief sketch of the 
Order, it may be well to give here some account of the origin and 
wonderful growth of American Odd Fellowship, now known as the 
Independent Order of Odd Fellows. 

Odd Fellowship was first known in England in the eighteenth 
century, where it still exists, the Manchester Unity embracing 
more than a million members. 



Manchester Unity 

The Manchester Unity was the parent of American Odd Fellow- 
ship, which later became a separate organization, independent of the 
mother lodge in England, adopting the name. Independent Order 
of Odd Fellows, the latter being even now a much larger organiza- 
tion than the one which still flourishes in the home of our English 
ancestors. 



86 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

The exact date of its birth in England has not been clearly 
established by antiquarians, but it is believed to have been in the 
first half of the eighteenth century. 

In comparatively recent histories of the Order it has been 
claimed that the English novelist, Daniel De Foe, referred to Odd 
Fellows in IT-io, but this, by more recent research, has been 
relegated to the ranks of tradition. 

In 1780 the Prince of Wales, later King George the Fourth, 
was unceremoniously introduced into a lodge of Odd Fellows, and 
became a member of the Order. 

This appears to be the first mention of Odd Fellows, although 
lodges undoubtedly existed in different parts of the Kingdom many 
years prior to that date. The earliest ritual extant is dated 1797. 

The various lodges of England united in 1813, forming the 
Manchester Unity, which has so flourished to the present day. 



American Odd Fellowship 

American Odd Fellowship, founded in 1819, differs from the 
Manchester Unity both in ritual and in its beneficiary features, and 
although formerly connected with it, became wholly separated in 
1842, becoming an independent organization. 

Since that date its growth has far exceeded the most sanguine 
expectations of its early advocates, and in 1911 numbered 1,562,- 
829 male members in this country alone, while the sister Rebekahs, 
450,487, made the grand total in America, 2,018,316. Those 
figures will be much larger in the next report as the Order has a 
magnificent annual increase in membership and financial strength, 
and is better qualified each j'ear to fulfill its great mission among 
men. 



Encampments 

In 1825, but six j-ears after the founding of American Odd 
Fellowship, the master minds that were guiding the young Order 
saw its incompletion and the necessity of additional degrees which 



ODD FELLOWSHIP IN PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 87 

would further exemplif}' its grand pi-inciples, giving a broader 
conception of the true spirit of Odd Fellowship. 

Three additional degrees were adopted, but Encampments 
were not organized into a separate branch until 18-iL Then 
Friendship, Love and Truth were followed by Faith, Hope and 
Charity, Toleration and the Golden Rule, three degrees called the 
Patriarchal, Golden Rule and Royal Purple, no less beautiful and 
fully as important as those preceding. 



Rebekah Lodges 

In 1851-2, that great Odd Fellow. Schuyler Colftix, who had 
long been an advocate of some degree admitting the mothers, wives, 
sisters and daughters of Odd Fellows to a branch of the Order, 
succeeded in having the Reljekah branch established, and today 
the Rebekahs have a membership in this country of nearly three 
quarters of a million. 



Patriarchs Militant 

In 1885, the sequence of degrees was completed by the addi- 
tion of Patriarchs Militant, a uniform or display branch, with the 
local unit called Canton, which is organized like the United States 
Army with Department Councils, all under the head of the 
Sovereign Grand Lodge. 

Chevaliers must be members in good standing of some 
Encampment. Its growth has been rapid and Patriarchs Militant 
has already become an important degree in Odd Fellowship. 

Early Opposition 

In the early days of American Odd Fellowship much opposi- 
tion had to be met and prejudice o\ercome by those great hearted 
men who labored untiringly for the good of the Order. But the 
fact is now recognized that of all the human agencies for the 
alleviation of woe, the uplift of humanity, and teaching the 



88 SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Fatherhood of God and the great brotherhood of man, the Inde- 
pendent Order of Odd Fellows is second to none save the ehureh of 
Christ, and is performing a work, far reaching in its effects, for 
which the church even, under its present organization, is not 
fitted. 

They will continue, however, each in its own way, side by 
side to labor for the good of all mankind. 



Wonderful Growth of the Order 

From its small beginning in 1819, a lodge of five members, 
organized on the !26th of April of that year by Thomas Wildey 
and his four associates in the city of Baltimore, at the Sign of the 
Seven Stars, it has grown, in 94 years, to be the greatest fraternal 
organization the world has ever known, blessing its millions 
throughout the earth and making the habitation of man more 
peaceful, more happy, as the principles of Toleration and the 
Golden Rule permeate the sons of men, recognizing among all 
nations, tongues and kindreds of the earth, a universal brotherhood. 

Its members embrace all classes, the plain people, whom 
Abraham Lincoln said God must have loved the best because he 
made so many of them, and men who shape public afi'airs, men of 
the pi-ess, authors, contributors to leading periodicals, lawj'ers and 
judges, men in legislatures, in the halls of Congress and in the 
counsels of the nation ; and the influence of nearly two million 
voters in this countr}' alone, exemplifying the principles of our 
Order, is well worthy the consideration of all. 

And yet, the general public and many members of the Order 
have but slight knowledge of its history or the great work being 
accomplished at the present time. 

Instead of one subordinate lodge, there were in 1911, 17,961 
subordinate lodges. There is a Grand Lodge in every state and 
territory of the Union, with others across the sea acknowledging 
the authority of one supreme head, the Sovereign Grand Lodge of 
the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. 

Over 145, 000 brothers annually receive its financial aid and 
benefits, not as mendicants but as a matter of right. In 1911 the 



ODD FELLOWSHIP IN PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 89 

figures were 145,427. Over 7,000 widowed families are cared for 
every year, the last report showing 7,270. Over $5,000,000.00 
are annually expended in relief and benefits, the same report, 1911, 
showing $5,396,174.46 so expended. 

Pernianenc}' of the Order 

The permanency of the Order is shown by its invested funds 
of over $63,000,000.00. Forty-seven Odd Fellows' Homes for the 
aged and infirm have been estal)lished in this country, valued at 
$4,500,000.00 and maintained at an annual expense of over 
$650,000.00. Funds are rapidly accumulating for other Homes, 
Maine's being among the rest, and in the near future on a beauti- 
ful site at Auburn Heights in the city of Auburn, will stand an 
attractive, well regulated Home, with cheerful hearth and warm 
welcome to all needy Odd Fellows. 

Lessons of Odd Fellowship 

The teachings of Odd Fellowship are drawn from the most 
beautiful lessons of Holy Writ, and as the Savior of Men came not 
to save the Jew more than the Gentile, so Odd Fellowship, unre- 
stricted by creed or nationalit}', reaches ovit toward all humanity. 
There is about it that which appeals to the hearts ot men and the 
work of Thomas Wildey, James L. Ridgely, for forty-three years 
Grand Secretary, and others who so impressively taught the great 
lessons of life, will endure forever. 

Our Field of Labor 

The globe is our field of labor, and Odd Fellowship has 
spread not only throughout our own country,, but into Canada, 
traveled southward into Mexico, ascended the Andes and found 
lodgment in South America, crossed the Atlantic, and Indian 
Oceans, taken root in Australia, the Sandwich Islands and other 
isles of the sea, passed over into Germany and blessed its thousands 



90 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

ill the land of our Anglo-Saxon ancestors, lodged in Switzerland, 
the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway and Sweden, and even in far 
off Alaska, until toda}- the sun does not set on American Odd 
Fellowship. 

The young Odd Fellow, wherever he may go, marches be- 
neath the banner of a vast army extending into many lands and 
wielding its influence and exerting its power in strange cities and 
distant states, where, though he travel east or west, tarries be- 
neath southern skies or faces the frozen north, he will find friends 
of the mystic tie to extend to him a brother's welcome and 
fraternal greetings. In no order can young and old do more 
good, and no prouder legacv can you leave to your sons and 
daughters than knowledge that father was a good Odd Fellow. 



An Example of Odd Fellowship 

A noble illustration of that great principle of our Order, 
tolerance and the spirit of good will toward all men, which 
recognizes a common brotherhood and attempts to fraternize the 
world, was gi\en at the session of the Sovereign Grand I^odge 
held in Baltimore in September, 1865, after the close of the Civil 
War. 

At the annual sessions of the Sovereign Grand Lodge held 
iluriiig that four years of strife and carnage, the roll of the 
Southern jurisdiction was regularly called, and at the close of 
hostilities the Southern members were welcomed to the chairs and 
seats which had been held for them during the four years of 
separation. The roll call in "65 by the venerable Secretary, 
James L. Ridgely, was a notable event even in fraternal associa- 
tions. Every survivor answered to his name and vacancies had 
been filled b}' southern jurisdictions so that the representation was 
complete. It was the first fraternization of the Blue and the 
Gray, and such rejoicing as was never before known in the Grand 
Lodge followed the scene. It was a glad reunion of long separated 
brethren. Tears of joy filled many manly eyes. All business was 
suspended and the Body immediately adjourned. It was a signifi- 
cant and happy illustration of the principles of Odd Fellowship. 



ODD FELLOWSHIP L\ PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 91 



Odd Fellowship in Maine 

The first lodoe in tliis State was organized in Portland, 
August 25, 1848, and for seventy j^ears Portland has been the 
home of Maine Odd Fellowship. Here the Grand Lodge and 
(yrand Encampment have their permanent headquarters, with a 
Grand Secretary and Grand Scribe constantly in attendance to 
furnish supplies, attend to necessary correspondence and render all 
possible assistance to other Grand Officers in the general advance- 
ment of the Order. 

The Grand bodies, Grand Lodge, Grand Encampment and 
Rebekah Assembly, meet annually in Portland for election of 
officers, general legislation and necessary business of the different 
branches, except that once in four years thev assemble in Bangor 
for the better convenience of the great body of Odd Fellows resid- 
ing in the eastern and noi'thern sections of the State. 

Maine has been fortunate in having usually at the head of tlie 
Order and all over the State those who have believed in the 
principles of Friendship, Love and Truth, Faith, Hope and 
Charity, and who have taken Toleration and the Golden Rule as 
the guiding stars along life's pathway, laboring for the good of 
their fellowmen, until today ^Nlaine contains more Odd Fellows 
according to her population than any other state or principality in 
the world. 

In 1911 there were in this State 25,447 male members and 
14,340 sister Rebekahs, making a grand total of 39,787, witli a 
gratifying annual increase which today gives us more than 40, 000 
members; and looking after their interest, and assisting the other 
Grand Officers of the State, in the office at Portland, are those 
splendid Odd Fellows, veterans of the service, W. W. Cutter, 
Grand Secretary, and Wm. E. Plummer, Grand Scribe. 

Annual Benefits Paid 

The Order in this State paid out in 1911, for sick benefits, 
funeral benefits, watching with the sick, special relief, charity, and 
widowed families, the grand total of §91,203.43, and that was 



92 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

oiiIa- an average year in Maine's work of relief among Odd Fellows 
and their dependent families. 

The Maine Lodges and Encampments own real estate, at a 
low valuation, worth $500,000.00, and the cash on hand and in- 
vested fmids in 1911 was $509,676.63, making a total of $1,009,- 
676.63, and today it exceeds that amount, with a steady ainmal 
increase. 

Maine's population makes but a small part of the ninety -five 
millions of people in the United States, but she has no reason to 
apologize for her motto, Dirigo, so far as Odd Fellowship is con- 
cerned, for she still leads in the great work of the Order. 

Grand Lodoe 

The Grand Lodge, L O. O. F. of Maine, was organized at 
Portland, March 18th, 18-14, under the supervision of George W. 
Churchill, District Deputy Grand Sire, assisted by Albert Guild, 
District Deputy Grand Sire of Massachusetts, New Hampshire and 
Rhode Island. 

The petitioners for the dispensation were David Robinson, 
Jr., and James N. Winslow of Maine Lodge, No. 1 ; George W. 
Churchill, George W. Warren and James Smith of Saco Lodge, 
No. 2; Lucius H. Chandler of Georgian Lodge, No. 3; Edward 
P. Ranks of Anc't Bros. Lodge, No. 4; John D. Kinsman of 
Ligonia Lodge, No. 5. 

The first officers of the Grand Lodge were George W. 
Churchill, Grand Master; Lucius H. Chandler, Deputy Grand 
Master; James Smith, Grand Warden; David Robinson, Jr., 
Grand Secretarv ; J. N. Winslow, Grand Treasurer. 



Grand Encampment 

A Grand Encampment was organized at Portland, Octol)er 23, 
1845, on petition for a charter, by Encampments, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 
5 and 6. 

A convention had been previously held at Portland, February 
19th of that year for the purpose of making arrangements to 



ODD FELLOWSHIP IN PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 93 

petition the Sovereign Grand Lodge for a charter for a Grand 
Encampment for the State of Maine. 

On call of the Scril)e of the convention, the following Past 
Officers appeared, representing the following Encampments: 

Benjamin Kingsbury, Jr., P. C. P. ; Eliphalet Clark, P. C. 
P. ; James Pratt, P. H. P. ; Joseph T. Mitchell, P. H. P. ; 
Edward P. Banks, P. H. P., of Machigonne Encampment, No. 1. 

Theophilus C. Hersey, P. C. P. ; Edward Wheeler, Jr., 
P. C. P. ; James N. Winslow, P. C. P. ; Nathaniel F. Deering, 
P. C. P. ; Solomon T. Corser, P. C. P. ; David Robinson, Jr., 
P. H. P. ; Charles F. SafFord, P. H. P. ; George Sawyer, P. H. 
P. ; George W. Wildrage, P. H. P., of Eastern Star Encamp- 
ment, No. 2. 

Allen Haines, P. C. P.; Benjamin Pkimmer, Jr., P. H. P., 
of Katahdin Encampment, No. 4. 

David B. Cleaves, P. C. P. ; Joseph Hardy, P. C. P. ; David 
H. Butler, P. H. P., of Hobah Encampment, No. 5, and George 
H. Gardiner, P. C. P., of Sagadahock Encampment, No. 6. 

The first Grand Officers were Theophilus C. Hersey, Grand 
Patriarch; James Pratt, Grand High Priest; Allen Haines, 
Grand Senior Warden ; David B. Cleaves, Grand Junior Warden ; 
Nathaniel F, Deering, Grand Scribe; Edward Wheeler, Jr., 
Grand Treasurer. 

Maine was thus qualified in 184-4 and '45 to engage in the 
work of the Order which has since carried Odd Fellowship into 
eveiy county of the State. 

The present officers of the Grand Lodge and Grand Encamp- 
ment are as follows : 



Grand Lodge of JNIaine 

Louis E. Flanders, Grand Master, Auburn 

Ellery Bowden, Deputy Grand Master, Winterport 

Harry W. Reid. Grand Warden, Augusta 

William W. Cutter, Grand Secretary, Portland 

William E. Plummer, Grand Treasurer, Portland 

Leon S. Merrill, Grand Representative, Orono 



94 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Charles E. Jackson, Grand Rej)resentative, Portland 

^Valter L. Pratt, Grand Marslial, Auburn 

George T. Holyoke, Grand Conductor, Houlton 

Rev. C. S. Cummings, Grand Chaplain, Auburn 

Harry G. Harlow, Grand Guardian, Turner 

H. D. B. Aver, Grand Herald, North Vassalboro 

Grand Encampment of Maine 

Willis E. Parst)ns, Grand Patriarch, Foxcroft 

Clarence E. Frost, Grand High Priest, Belfast 

Sherman L. Berry, Grand Senior Warden, ^Vaterville 

Wm. E. Plumrner, Grand Scribe, Portland 

Albro E. Chase, Grand Treasure!-, Portland 

Charles E. Jackson, Grand Junior AVarden, Portland 

Alfred I. Kimball, Grand Representati\e, Norway 

Isaiah G. Elder, Grand Representative, Brunswick 

Walter H. Blethen, Grand Marshal, Dover 

Frederick W. Hinckley, Grand Sentinel, Portland 

Joseph T. Holbrook, Deputy Grand Sentinel, Bangor 

Odd Fellowship in Piscata([ui.s County 

Only two years after Odd Fellowship was introduced into 
Maine at Portland and Bangor, it found a temporary resting 
place in Piscataquis, and Katahdin Lodge, No. 29, was insti- 
tuted at Dover, Juh^ 3, 1845. 

Its charter members were, Thomas Tash, H. G. O. Morison, 
A. L. Vaughan, C. P. Chandler, I. M. Gerrish, Hosea Ricker and 
Mordecai Mitchell. The first elective officers were, Thomas Tash, 
Noble Grand; H. G. O. Morison, Nice Grand; A. L. Vaughan, 
Secretary; Mordecai Mitchell, Treasurer. 

This lodge was at first prosperous, having at one time 
seventy-five members. The personnel of Katahdin Lodge was 
rather a remarkable one, as shown in later years, as it embraced in 
its membership many who afterwards became prominent in their 
different professions. 



ODD FELLOWSHIP IN PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 95 

Among them, Thomas Tash, the noted educator of Portland; 
H. G. O. Morison, Minneapolis lawyer; Charles P. Chandler, 
lawyer and colonel in the army ; John H. Rice, Member of 
Congress; James S. Wiley, Member of Congress; Daniel D. 
^'aug•han, prominent business man and postmaster of Foxcroft; 
Sumner Laugh ton, then of Foxcroft, noted Bangor physician; 
Alexander M. Robinson, then practicing law in Sebec, later a 
leading lawyer of Dover, holding many important positions; 
Charles A. Everett of Milo, later also a prominent lawyer of 
Dover; Thomas Proctor, then of Dover; Chester Chamberlain; 
Sherburn W. Elliott of Dover, many years the leading physician 
of that town ; Eben P. Greenleaf of Williamsburg, and many 
others of prominence whose names would be familiar to the older 
residents of the State. 

This lodge was organized, however, too early for so sparsely 
settled a community and unlike those established in the larger 
centers could only be temporary. Its members were scattered, 
many residing in other towns who could seldom attend the meet- 
ings, the work thus devolving upon a few. Some moved to 
distant localities, taking clearance cards, and in 185T, it was 
thought best to close up the affairs of the lodge. 

A part of the members had, nevertheless, become so imbued 
with the higher principles of Odd Fellowship, that at a good deal 
of expense and inconvenience they joined other lodges in the 
Penobscot or Kennebec Valleys. Among them was Nathaniel 
Gray of Foxcroft, one of our honored citizens, who remained an 
Odd Fellow to the day of his death. 



Our Lodges and Encampments 

Space will not permit any but the briefest history of separate 
lodges, and it is not intended in this article to give anything but 
the most essential facts concerning the institution and growth of 
the several lodges and Encampments, in the chronological order in 
which they have taken up the work of disseminating the prin- 
ciples of Odd Fellowship in this section of the State; the object of 
the writer being to collect and preserve in compact form statistical 



96 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

facts concerning the various lodges and Encampments which may 
be of easy access to those interested in their growth and deA elop- 
ment in our own community. 

If some errors have crept in, it is due to misinformation, but 
in the main it will be found, I believe, a correct account of the 
expansion of Odd Fellowship, in a section of Maine's jurisdiction 
which is not behind any other portion of the State in the practice 
and exemplification of those cardinal virtues taught by our great 
Order. 

Friendship, Love and Truth, Faith, Hope and Charity have 
found faithful adherents in Piscataquis, while Toleration and the 
Golden Rule ha\ e appealed to the hearts of her people, and no- 
where in Maine can be found more loyal Odd Fellows than those 
who dwell upon the hills and in the valley of our own County. 



Dirigo Lodge, No. 63 

Odd Fellowship was successfully introduced into Piscataquis 
County, January 21, 1869, under Nehemiah H. Colson, Grand 
Master, when Dirigo Lodge, No. 63, was instituted in the enter- 
prising town of Milo. 

There were fi\e charter members, Thomas A. Palmer, Charles 
A. Snow, David 13. Tolman, Richard A. Monroe and Moses 
Tolman, all active members, and most of them passing through the 
chairs more than once. David B. Tolman, one of the charter 
members and three times Noble. Grand, is still living, and residing 
in the town of Milo, where, as a prominent and respected citizen, 
interested in the prosperity of his town and the well-being of the 
community, he has seen Dirigo Lodge from its small beginning, 
move steadily forward, avoiding pitfalls and the fate of Katahdin, 
overcoming obstacles and sometimes dissension which for the 
moment threatened disaster, until it has become, through the 
efforts of loyal Odd Fellows, thoroughly grounded and for many 
years has held the proud record of being one of the strong lodges 
of the State, It now has a memljership of 250, with a steady 
growth. 

Its name, Dirigo, was well chosen for it certainly leads in the 




DAVID B. TOLMAN OF MILO 
Charter Mi-niber and Past Noble Grand of Dirifto Lodge, No. (» 




HONORABLE MARTIN L. DURGIN OF MILO 

Past Noble Grand of IJirigo Lodge, No. 63 



ODD lELLOWSHIP IN PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 97 

permanent Odd Fellowship of Piscataquis. It embraces in its 
membership those interested not alone in their own well-being but 
in the prosperity of the entire community, and prominent men of 
the town are enrolled as members. Amonn- its list of Noble 
Grands are nianv whose reputation as men of worth and character, 
as valuable citizens of the State, are by no means confined to our 
own County. 

It has enjoyed financial prosperity and has one of the best 
lodge homes in Eastern Maine, with other funds well invested. 
It was incorporated June 5, 1889, and moved into its new hall in 
October, 1890. 

Dirigo has been faithful to the injunction of Odd Fellowship, 
"visit the sick, bury the dead and educate the orphan," and has 
paid out of its treasury for the purpose of benefits and aid to 
worthy brothers and their families since it was instituted, $15,000. 

Its noble Grands have been : Thomas H. Palmer, Da\ id B. 
Tolman, R. A. Monroe, C. L. Mitchell, C. H. Savage, John 
Lindsay, J. H. Macond3er, Jr., C. D. Sprague, George Gould, 
Thomas Stoddard, J. W. Gould, C. A. Snow, A. C. Soule, 
George W. Howe, Fremont French, Abner Kamsdell, C. H. 
Buswell, James L. Martin, C. F. Clement, George W. Daggett, 
I. G. Mayo, N. A. McNaughton, C. S. Harris, F. E. Monroe, 
Walter H. Snow, N. W. Brown, B. B. Kimball, L. J. Allen, H. 
W. Sargent, S. D. Buswell, F. A. Clark, James S. McNaughton, 
Harvey Fleming, M. L. Durgin, Louis C. Ford, W. A. Hobbs, 
J. F. Davis, Bert L. Gould, A. D. Whitney, Charles S. Home, 
W. W. Waugh, \\^alter Waterhouse, L. G. C. Brown, Hollis J. 
Hall, Everett L. Souther, I. F. Hobbs, A. H. Chase, F. H. 
Gould, S. C. Gould, C. H. West, M. S. Bishop, W. M. Hamlin, 
B. A. Kamsdell, W. B. Hobbs. 

Kineo Lodge, No. G4 

The next year, March 23, 1870, Kineo Lodge, No. 64, 
I. O. O. F., was instituted at Dover by James E. Hazeltine, 
Grand Master, assisted by J. K. Merrill, Grand Representative, 
George H. Walden and Charles B. Nash, Past Grands, and a 
delegation from Milo and Bangor. 



98 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

The charter members were George G. Donning, William U. 
Blethen, Benjamin C. Lowell, G. E. S. Bryant, Darius F. Ayer 
and J. B. Chase. Of this number George G. Downing is the onh' 
survivor and still resides in Dover. 

The lodge was instituted in one of the small rooms in Ma3'o's 
Hall, but on invitation of Mosaic Lodge, No. 62, F. and A. M., 
moved into its hall in Foxcroft, then in the upper part of the old 
Academy building which formed a i)art of the Fa\or block. 

In a few months howe\er, Kineo Lodge i)urchased the upper 
story of the school building on School Street in Do\er, known as 
Merrick Hall, which was occupied as a lodge room until 1887, 
when it moved into its present commodious quarters in the third 
and fourth stories of the Bank Block in Union Square. 

Merrick Hall, which Kineo Lodge formerly owned and 
occupied, was the upper portion of the schoolhouse building on 
School Street in Dover, permission having been given by School 
District No. 1, to certain parties, to build a second story for a 
public hall when the schoolhouse was erected. The right and 
ownership of Kineo Lodge in its hall was always recognized by the 
district. 

After the district moved into its new schoolhouse on High 
Street, it called a meeting of the school district to see if the 
district would vote to sell its school building under Odd P'ellows 
hall, still recognizing the ownership of Kineo Lodge to the upper 
story. 

Parties, however, taking the deed, claimed the whole building 
and tried to deprive the lodge of all right and title to the same. 
The matter was contested in the courts in suit versus W. D. 
Blethen and another lodge trustee, and is reported in the 77th 
Volume of Maine Reports, page 510. The hall was saved to 
Kineo Lodge, the Law Court fully sustaining its ownership and 
title. E. Flint, A. G. Lebroke and W. E. Parsons acted as 
attorneys for the lodge, and the latter counsel argued the case at 
the Law Court which was held at Bangor, June term, 1885. 

Kineo Lodge, however, had outgrown its old ({uarters and 
when the ]*iscataquis Savings Bank erected its Bank Block, 
entered into a contract for ownership of the upiier stories, where it 
has liad, since 1887, connnodious rooms. By recent improvements 



ODD FELLOWSHIP LN PISCATAQl IS COUNTY 99 

it now has one of the finest lodf^e liomes in the State, The in- 
vested funds of the lodge, inehidin<>; its real estate, amount to over 
Si (),()()(). Since its institution, it has paid out, to January 1, 
1912, for sick and funeral benefits, the sum of i?l 5,071.28. 

From a lodge of seven members it has become one of the most 
prominent lodges of the State, numbering 372, making a net gain 
of sixtv-seven last .year, and winning the proud distinction of being 
the baiuier lodge of the State. Its members are good Odd Fellows, 
not confining their efforts tt) their own lodge, and when the call 
was issued this vear for aid for an Odd Fellows Home at Auburn, 
Kineo Lodge surpassed all others in the amount contributed, be- 
coming again in that respect the banner lodge of Maine. It is 
still growing in numbers and maintaining that spirit of true Odd 
Fellowship which bespeaks for it even greater usefulness in the 
years to come. 

Kineo's Noble Grands have been : J. B. Chase, B. C. 
Lowell, G. E. S. Bryant, T. P. Elliott, G. G. Downing, G. ^\^ 
Pratt, Thomas Daggett, Volney A. Gray, G. G. Downing, II. N. 
Greeley, William F. Washburn, C. S. Ham, A. L. Ober, B. F. 
Hammond, N. C. Stowe, A. G. Lebroke, E. D. Wade, D. F. 
Ayer, A. M. Cass, W. H. Vaughan, D. E. Dinsmore, F. D. 
Thompson, J. C. Cross, F. D. Barrows, C. H. Mansfield, W. S. 
Ham, Hiram Rogers, W. H. Blethen, F. D. Folsom, J. H. Shaw, 
B. L. Batchelor, C. B. Chamberlain, F. E. Bailey, O. B. Chap- 
man, R. E. Hoyt, W. P. Mansfield, S. T. Mansfield, C. W. 
Bradley, L. W. Pratt, C. C. Lee, H. A. Knowlton, C. L. Hoyt, 
W. L. Stoddard, Edward Washburn, D. A. Severance, C. B. 
Emerson, M. D. Hutchinson, W. W. Blethen, W. H. Bartlett, 
G. P. Burrill, F. E. AN'aterman, S. A. Annis, H. H. Maguire, 
J. H. Taylor, A. G. Brown, F. G. Adams, S. F. Atwood, J. J. 
Folsom, W. H. Day, C. S. Maguire, S. J. Law, G. R. Foss, W. 
E. Parsons, C. R. Bailey, A. A. Dinsmore, A. M. Pratt. 



El Dorado EncMjnpment, No. 20 

The year 1874 was an eventful one in the annals of Piscataquis 
Odd Fellowship, as El Dorado Encampment, No. 20, of Dover, and 



100 SPRAGUE'8 JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Good Cheer Lod^e, No. 37, of Guilford, were both instituted, El 
Dorado antedatino- Good Cheer bv onh' a few months. 

It was April 14, ISTl?, when Grand Patriarch Warren E. 
Pressey, assisted by A. D. Smith, Grand Senior Warden, N. G. 
Cummings, Grand Scribe, J. N. Reed, Grand Representative, 
J. W. Sargent, Grand Representative, and Past Chief Patriarchs, 
instituted El Dorado Encampment, No. 20, at Odd Fellows Hall in 
Dover, with the following charter members: 

D. F. Ayer, W. D. Blethen, N. F. Batchelor, A. H. Blood, 
G. G. Downing, H. S. Davis, T. P. Elliott, V. A. Gray, R. D. 
Gilman, C. S. Ham, C. E. Hurd, W. H. Knight, B. C. Lowell, 
F. D. Thompson and Edward AVashburn. 

El Dorado has been one of the active Encampments of the 
State, ready at all times to assist other Encami)ments in ad\ancing 
the principles of Faith, Hope and Charity, Toleration and the 
Golden Rule, and, although the other three Encampments in this 
district each drew charter members from El Dorado, it has steadily 
advanced and now numbers 205 members. 

It has always occupied Kineo Lodge rooms, moving from the 
old hall with Kineo in 1887, and sharing the expense of maintain- 
ing the same with the lodge. It has a good, substantial fund 
invested, but has paid out in benefits and aid the sum of $5,487.- 
01. Since it was instituted, it has admitted, advanced and 
exalted 317 members. 

Its first Chief Patriarch was B. C. Lowell of Dover, now 
deceased, and the others in their order were, C. S. Ham, T. P. 
Elliott, G. G. Downing, V. A. Gray, D. F. Ayer, AV. F. 
Washburn, J. AV. Robinson, F. 1). Thompson, S. C. AVhitcomb, 
AV. E. Parsons, H. E. Stowe, J. H. Shaw, F. D. Barrows, 
Edward AVashburn, C. H. Alansfield, S. T. Mansfield, AV. E. 
Parsons, C. II. Alansfield, AV. B. Knox, J. C. Cross, AV. H. 
Blethen, S. T. Alansfield, A. AI. Cass, AV. F. AA^ashburn, F. E. 
Bailey, G. L. Barrows, AV. S. Ham, D. E. Dinsmore, R. E. 
Hoyt, F. B. Canney, AV. L. Stoddard, H. A. Knowlton, F. D. 
Folsom, F. O. Lanpher, C. AV. Bradley, C. L. Hoyt, S. A. 
Annis, F. E. Waterman, R. S. Barber, D. A. Severance, AA^ AA^ 
Blethen, J. J. Folsom, M. D. Hutchinson, L. C. Sawyer, F. H. 
Glover, AV. P. Mansfield, II. H. Maguire, AV. H. Bartlett, A. G. 




FRED D. BARROWS OF FOXCROFT 
Past Noble Grand of Kineo Lodj2,e. No. 6i 




HONORABLE AUGUSTUS GARDNER LEBROKE 

Past Noble Grand of Kineo Lodge. No. 64 
He was born in Paris, Maine. February !». IH-2'A. and died in Foxeroft. Maine. 

Jnh 1!(. 1SS9 



ODD FELLOWSHIP IN PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 101 

Brown, J. H. Taylor, F. G. Adams, S. J. Law, C. S. Maguire, 
F. K. Rogan, H. K. Farnham, and the present incumbent, John 
T. Aver. 



Good Cheer Lodge, Xo. 37 

Good Cheer Lodge, No. 37, of Guilford, was instituted 
September 24, 1874, bv F. M. Laughton, Grand Master, assisted 
by Joshua Davis, Grand Secretary, E. A. Buck, Grand Marshal, 
and Past Grands of Kineo Lodge of Dover. 

The charter members were, George W. Pratt, Charles Foss, 
John F. Sprague, Edward Swanton, C. P. Cass, J. C. Bishop and 
T. H. Brown. 

Good Cheer has been a prosperous lodge although meeting 
with a heavA' financial loss in having its hall destroyed by fire in 
1902. It erected a much better one, however, of brick, with 
stores underneath. The lodge room is large and well furnished, 
wuth ample ante-rooms, all heated by steam and up to date, and is 
rented to the other fraternal societies in town. 

The lodge now numbers 193 members and has paid out for 
benefits and relief the sum of $9,098.77 prior to this year. It 
has paid out for expenses other than benefits and charities, S15,- 
072.57, and its total receipts up to and including last year have 
been $30,730.64. 

Its books and records were destroyed in the fire, but its 
progress from year to year, as revealed by its annual reports on 
file at the Grand Lodge, shows it to be one of the substantial 
lodges of the State. 

Its Noble Grands have been: G. W. Pratt, J. H. Morgan, 
C. H. Loring, C. F. Wharff, C. W. True, S. J. Hale, Daniel W. 
Hussey, Martin H. Jackson, Henry L. Thomas, Peter Cummings, 
Samuel M. Gile, Isaac Small, H. L. Thomas, C. W. True, Samuel 
Webber, A. H. McSorley, Henry L. Thomas, Stedman H. 
Stevens, Andrew H. McSorley, Samuel M. Gile, Ansel Jackson, 
Willard H. True, Hiram D. Crockett, Andrew H. McSorley, 
Ansel S. Whitney, Henry E. Curtis, Amos Beal, Andrew H. 
McSorley, Perez B. Beal, James E. Brawn, Frank S. Murray, Alex 



102 SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

J. Goldthwaite, Zebulon P. Stevens, Alex F. Edes, Willis M. 
Real, Ernest W. Genthner, Sumner C. Bennett, Azro C. Hibbard, 
Jr., Millard Metcalf, A. W. Ellis, C. E. Lombard, John Houston, 
Louis A. Houston, A. C. Rrockway, C. E. Higgins, Mellen S. 
Fogg, Fred Mellor, W. S. Small, Charles E. Higgins, Wilson E. 
Fish, Charles S. Jenkins, Selden D. Rice, E. A. Somers, Danville 
L. Wvman and Charles L, Adams. 



Orion llebekah Lodge, No. 16 

The year 1878 saw the first Rebekah Lodge instituted in this 
County, when Milo again led in introducing this branch of the 
Order and Orion Rebekah Lodge, No. 16, was instituted in that 
town, October 3, 1878, by Grand Master John Read. 

The charter members were, W. M. Hamlin, Mary x\. 
Hamlin, J. W. Gould, Lucy M. Gould, A. C. Gould, Sara E. 
Gould, H. T. Sherburne, Avis Sherburne, C. H. Savage, Lillie 
Savage, W. Scripture, Hannah W. Scripture, R. A. Ramsdell, 
Mary E. Ramsdell, E. E. Sturtevant, Ahnena Hansconie, E. C. 
Long and Vira M. Long. 

This meritorious branch of our Order has been appreciated by 
the Odd Fellows of Milo and their families and there are now 248 
members in Orion Lodge. It has been of great assistance to 
Dirigo Lodge in advancing the principles of Friendship, Love and 
Truth, caring for the sick, maintaining a spirit of true Odd 
Fellowship and creating enthusiasm through the sociability of its 
gatherings. 

It is beautiful and impressive work and many an Odd Fellow 
who has taken his degrees in both Lodge and Encampment, does 
not linger until he has the Rebekah degree. If there is no 
Encampment in his town he shows wisdom by going from the 
Subordinate Lodge into the Rebekah Lodge immediately on receiv- 
ing his Scarlet degree. The Encampment degrees, however, are 
too important to be neglected by any one desiring to be a full Odd 
Fellow. 

Orion's first Noble Grand was John W. Gould, and tlien the 
sisters took the ribbons and have driven most successfully since: 



ODD FELLOWSHIP L\ PISCATAQUIS COl^NTY 103 

Lillie Savage, four terms; Sarah E. Gould, Avis Sherburne, Mary 
A. Hamlin, Ahnena Hanscome, Hannah Scripture, Serena Patten, 
two terms, Marv F. Hol)l)s, two terms, Sarah Knowles, Lydia 
Hobbs. Carrie A. French, Nelhe Spearing, two terms, Sarah J. 
McNaughton, two terms, CaHsta Templeton, Mary Church, Lucy 
Bishop, R. J. HamHn, Clara West, Nellie Ford, Delia Clement, 
two terms, Mary Chase, Rosa Durgin, two terms. Belle Clark, 
Jessie McNaughton. tiu-ee terms, Mar}- A. Ingalls, two terms, 
Ada Kimball, Mabel Sargent, Ella Lovejoy, Lizzie Mayo, Mary 
Snow, Aldie Johnson, Annie Drinkwater, Blanche Hamlin, Mary 
Deane, Susie Perrigo, Marion A. Crosby, Lillian B. Pooler and 
Maruaret Waterhouse. 



Onaway Lodge, No. 100 

The year 188-1 saw another important step taken in the growth 
and expansion of Piscataquis Odd Fellowship, when Onawa}- Lodge, 
No. 106, of Monson was instituted by Grand Master J. Henry 
Crockett. 

The charter meml^ers were, Dana Crockett, A. J. Cushman, 
T. P. Elliott, W. L. Estabrooke. E. J. Rankins and Jolm F, 
Sprague. 

It held its meetings in Masonic Hall, and when that was 
burned in 1910, lost hea\ily in paraphernalia and equipment, but 
November 9. 1911, found it settled in the new Masonic Hall ([uar- 
ters. much larger than the first and one of the best for work in 
Eastern Maine. New paraphernalia has been purchased and this 
wide-awake lodge is increasing in membership and growing in the 
knowledge of true Odd Fellowship, about thirty of its members be- 
ing Patriarchs of El Dorado Encampment, a large class joining 
the present 3'ear. 

It has but a small territory to di-aw from and yet has at the 
present writing 1 6-t members, fifteen having been added this year. 
Harmony and lirotherly Love prevail and few lodges in the State 
have more nationalities on its rolls. A degree staff from Onaway 
recently conferred a degree in Kineo Lodge with seven nationalities 
represented on the team, all good workers and fully qualified to 



104< SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

make any man passing through their hands feel that he was hence- 
forth a brother of the Order. 

Like other lodges in the County, it has been mindful of the 
sick and needy and has paid out in benefits and aid, $5,866.00 
since its institution. 

Its Noble Grands have been : Stephen Barber, A. E. 
Bartlett, W. C. Brown, Neil Bruce, Dana Crockett, W. H, Davis, 
T. P. Elliott, W. L. Estabrooke, A. W. Farrar, S. T. Flint, E. 
H. Flint, C. W. Folsom, L. S. Hall, C. C. Hall, E. T. Hescock, 
W. R. Hughes, W. H. Hughes, S. J. Hughes, D. J. Jackson, 
R. J. Jones, W. D. Jones, Peter E. Johnson, F. W. Kirk, C. M. 
Poole, O. W. Riddle, Charles E. Sanborn, Jr., Robert Sawyer, 
H. E. Smith, J. F. Sprague, F. H. Sherburne, George H. Farr, 
Harry M. Thomas, F. J. Wilkins, R, A. Zimmerman and Arthur 
L. Brown, present Noble Grand. 



Wenonah Rebekah Lodge, No. 11 

Three years later, March 23, 1887, Wenonah Rebekah 
Lodge, No. 11, was instituted at Dover by Grand Master Freeman 
T. Merrill, George L. Godfrey, D. G. M., Joshua Davis, Grand 
Secretary, and Past Grands of Kineo Lodge. 

The charter members were, Walter H. Blethen, Lizzie H. 
Barrows, Fred E. Bailey, Henr}^ T. Boynton, Nettie M. Boynton, 
James Bush, Mary J. Bush, John F. Carleton, Mary A. Carleton, 
John C. Cross, David E. Dinsmore, Frances A. Dinsmore, Nellie 
M. Dinsmore, Annie Bryant Emerson, Charles B. Emerson, 
Edward L. Emery, Estelle M. Emery, Frank D. Folsom, Benjamin 
F. Farris, Hannah L. Farris, Ira S. Gould, Emih^ C. Hale, 
Charles S. Ham, Eliza A. Ham, Willis S. Ham, Fannie B. 
Howard, George E. Howard, Abbie S. Hoyt, Charles H. Mans- 
field, Mary E. Mansfield, Stacy T. Mansfield, Anna S. Norton, 
Samuel Norton, Elvira P. Oaks, Howard B. Oaks, Lizzie S. Pratt, 
L. W. Pratt, Emma Sanford, Angle M. Shaw, John H. Shaw, 
Albert D. Sherman, Nellie E. Sherman, Chester L. Swallow, Ella 
M, Swallow, Frances D. Washburn and William Washburn. 

The first officers were, William Washburn, Noble Grand ; 



ODD FELLOWSHIP IN PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 105 

Annie B. Emerson, Vice Grand; Fannie B. Howard, Recording 
Secretary; Aima S. Norton, Financial Secretary; Emily J. Hale, 
Treasurer. 

Wenonali has been one of the most active Rebekah lodges in 
Eastern Maine and last year was the banner lodge of the whole 
State, making a net gain of 90 members. It now numbers 347; 
200 sisters and 147 brothers, and is still growing. There is only 
one larger lodge in the County, Kineo Lodge, leading with its 372 
members. 

Wenonali is of great assistance in the Order and fully answers 
the purpose for which the great founder of the Rebekah degree, 
Schuyler Colfax, intended. The prosperity of Odd Fellowship in 
this County is in no small measure due to the interest in the work 
evinced by the wives, sisters, mothers and daughters of the 
members of the Order. The sociability of the Order is also an 
important feature in creating enthusiasm and progress and the 
Rebekahs have been unusually active in sustaining its social gather- 
ings in all parts of the County. 

The Noble Grands of Wenonah have been : William 
Washburn, Annie B. Emerson, Frances D. Washburn, Estelle M. 
Emery, Nellie E. Sherman, Celia M. Downing, Elvira P. Oaks, 
Julia Vaughan, Emma Sampson, Lizzie Pratt, Marcia Cross, Susie 
Hutchinson, Abbie Hoyt, Eliza J. Waterman, Mary E. Mansfield, 
H. Lizzie Dinsmore, Maria Mansfield, Mae Barber, Edith N. 
Oakes, May E. Annis, Lucy A. Towle, May E. Adams, \'an 
Siowe, Ethel Burrill, Minnie Ray, Delia Mclntire, Gertrude D. 
Law, M. Alma Sawyer, Lenora Day, Ethel Dunning, Helen M. 
Rogan. 

The year 1891 was another banner year for Piscataquis Odd 
Fellowship, two Rebekah Lodges and one Subordinate Lodge being 
organized in the months of May and June, Golden Link Rebekah 
Lodge, No. 37, of Guilford, North Star Rebekah Lodge, No. 38, 
of Monson, and New England Lodge, No. 125, of Greenville. 



106 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Golden I^ink Rebekah Lodore, No. 37 

Golden Link Rebekah Lodge, No. 37, of Guilford was insti- 
tuted by Russell G. Dyer, Grand Master, assisted by Past Grands 
of Good Cheer Lodii;e and others. May 7, 1891. 

The charter members were, Minnie M. Goldthwaite, A. 
Goldthwaite, Annie P. Goldthwaite, F. S. Murray, S. J. Hale, 
T. J. Chase, F. M. Sawtelle, S. H. Stevens, A. S. Whitney, 
Lizzie H. Whitney, J. K. Lambert, Florence Lambert, Ada L. 
Sawtelle, Lucretia E. Curtis, Agnes S. French, John E. French, 
Sarah Bemiett, Velora J. McSorley, Sara A. Stevens, Ernestine 
Hale, and others. 

It now lunnbei-s ^70; 177 sisters and 9-3 brotliers, making a 
good gain in membership nearly every year, and is not behind the 
other Rebekah Lodges in the County for good works in furthering 
the best interests of the Order. 

It has had to change (juarters twice. In 190^, when Odd 
Fellows Hall was destroyed by fire, it moved to Newbegin Hall, 
and later when the present Odd Fellows block was erected, it 
moved into its present quarters, finely equipped for the exempli- 
fication of this beautiful degree. 

Its Noble Grands have been : Minnie M. Goldthwaite, Ella 
J. Edes, Almeda Jackson, Addie O. Stevens, Lizzie H. AVhitney, 
Sara A. Stevens, Ernestine Hale, Flora E. Hibbard. Isabelle 
Mellor, Sara E. Skillings, Lilla J. Smith, Rose B. Page, Inez 
Goldthwaite, Velzora E. Arnold, Mae McCausland. Ida lirockway. 
Ernestine Hale, Isabelle Mellor, Mary Somers, Bessie Mellor. 
Myra Drew, Geoi-gia E. Dudley, Lillian Jenkins, lieatrice 
Skolfield. 

Nortb Stur Rebekah Lod.oe, No. 38 

The next day. May 8, Grand Master Dyer went to the neigh- 
})oring town of Monson and thei-e, with the assistance of Past 
Grands, instituted North Star Rebekah Lodge, No. 88. 

Its charter members were, A. E. Bai-tlett, Hattie Bartlett, 
W. C. Brown, Ada J. Brown, Angie Beal, A. J. Cushman, Annie 
Cushman, W. W. Crooker, Susie Crocker, J. Davison, T. P. 
Elliott, Sarah F. Elliott, F. W. Elliott, W. L. Estal)rooke, 



ODD FELLOWSHIP IN PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 107 

Hannah E. Estabrooke, C. W. Folsom, Clara Folsoni, A, \V. 
Farrar, Etta Farrar, A. S. Garland, Koxie Garland, W. A. Grav, 
Emma L. Gray, L. A. Hibbard, Lilla Hibbard, E. T. Hescock, 
Mary E, Hescock, A. H. Harding, Fae Harding, E, K. Haynes, 
Sarah Haynes, C. L. Hamilton, Florence Hamilton, ^V. R. 
Hughes, Mary L. Hughes, S. J. Hughes, IJelle Hughes, L. S. 
Hall, E. L. Hall, D. J. Jackson, Bertha Jackson, Andrew Jones, 
K, J, Jones, Frank Kirk, Emma Kirk, Seth A. Leeman, C. W. 
Morrill, Mary D. Morrill, Fred Mathews, Ennna Mathews, A, C. 
L. Nelson, R. C. Penney, Jennie Penney, Samuel Pennington, 
Marcia Pennington, Joseph Russell, Eliza Russell, O. J. Rice, 
Hannah Rice, F. H. Sherburne, Jeimie M. Sherburne, William 
Sentner, Mary A. Sentner, R. G. Sawyer, Lydia A. Sawyer, J. F. 
Sprague, L. N. Smith, L. E. Stone, Vira C. Stone, G. H. Tarr, 
C. W. Weeks. 

This lodge is also in a flourishing condition and has at the 
present time 165 members with a steady increase. Like its sister 
Rebekah Lodge in Guilford, it suffered from fire and lost ever}- 
thing in the way of paraphernalia and lodge property except the 
records and lodge seal, when Masonic Hall was burned No\ ember 
8, 1911. 

The 1-ith of last January found it settled in the new Masonic 
Hall and it is now well equipped in those fine quarters to continue 
its good work in advancing the interests of the Order and illustrat- 
ing the principles of Friendship, Love and Truth. 

Its Noble Grands have been : Angie Real, Sarah F. Elliott, 
Mary A. Sentner, Hannah E. Estabrooke, Jennie M. Sherburne, 
Annie Cushman, Etta Fai'rar, Roxie Garland, Lizzie Davison, 
Hattie Rartlett, Mary E. Hescock, Anna J. Davis, Adelia O. 
Blake, Kate E. Riddle, Maggie Smith, Annie Glover, Sarah S. 
Poole, Ethel Hescock, Delta Flint, Mary Jones, M. Augusta 
Wing, Laveda ^V. Farrar, Minnie H. Knight, Maude Bray. 

New England Lodge, No. 12.5 

June loth, 1891, Grand Master Russell G. Dyer again vis- 
ited Piscataquis, and instituted New England Lodge, No. 125, at 
Greenville. 



108 SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

The charter members were, W. I. Gerrish, A. J. Moore, 
John INIorrison, Ed. Henderson, Levi Newton, Murdock McLean, 
A\'. O. Hilton, Henry W. Budden, Duncan Matheson, 
Freeman Tyler, Louis Gill, Charles L. Capen, Allan Hinds, John 
H. Mansell, Daniel Monroe, Amos Buhner, A. W. Gerrish, 
George W. Brown, C. M. AVoods, M. O. Sawyer, John G. Saw- 
3^er, M. McPheters, D. C. Fhilhps, Henry Cotter, John Billadeau, 
Henry P. Sawyer, Mark Peavy, S. E. Harford, Charles D. Shaw. 

The energy of this lodge is shown from the fact that although 
it has but a small territory to draw from, in practically an iso- 
lated position with Aloosehead Lake on the north and wilderness 
to the east and west, it has had a steady growth and now has 180 
members. 

Since its institution it has paid out in benefits and aid the 
sum of $2,908.53. In 1894 it moved from the old Town Hall 
to Society Hall in the Shaw Block, which is much better adapted 
to its use, furnishing an elegant home for the lodge. 

Its Noble Grands have been : C. M. Woods, C. D. Shaw, 
L. R. Young, G. D. Sturtevant, Amos Buhner, Freeman Tjder, 
M. O. Sawyer, George C. Mayo, Edward Pullen, Fred W. Ryder, 
Eugene Tyler, Joseph B. Potter, Clarence B. Hamilton, George 
W. Brown, I. A, Harris, T. E. Wood, Oren A. Young, George 
W. Page. 

Moosehead Encampment, No. 51 

Moosehead Encampment, No. 51, was instituted at Guilford 
by Grand Patriarch David M. Parks, assisted by other Grand 
Officers and Past Chief Patriarchs from El Dorado Encampment, 
June 29th, 1894. 

The charter members were, E. AV. Genthner, A. F. Edes, 
F. W. Kirk, J. F. Sprague, G. A. Bradman, Z. G. Stevens and 
C. A. Davis. 

This was the second successful attempt to establish Patri- 
archal Odd Fellowship in Piscataquis. It succeeded so well, in 
fact, that a few years later an Encampment was instituted at Milo, 
which is now one of the active Encampments of the Order, and is 
making a large annual increase in membership. 




HONORABLE JOHN HOUSTON OF GLULFOKU 
P:ist Noble Grand of Good Cheer Lod^e. No. 37 




HONORABLE MILLARD METCALF OF GREENVILLE 
Past Noble Grand of Good Cheer Lodge, No. 37 



ODD FELLOWSHIP LN PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 109 

Moosehead Encamptiient is confined practically to Good Cheer 
Lodji-e and New England Lodge of Greenville for recruits as the 
Monson Patriarchs are members of El Dorado at Dover. Good 
Cheer Lodge, however, is a good lodge and capable of sustaining a 
large Encampment. 

Lodges are beginning to realize that their standing in the 
Order is better if they have a large per cent, of Patriarchs among 
their members, some of them claiming as high as sixty-five per 
cent. Kineo Lodge at Dover has over fifty per cent., and 
many others through the State nearly as many. As a matter of 
history, however. Good Cheer Lodge has not as many Patriarchs 
among its members as it should have. It is claimed that the 
prospect is good for the future, as it is made up of that class of Odd 
Fellows who will not be long satisfied in remaining half Odd 
Fellows, when the other degrees are so easily obtained and fully as 
important. 

Moosehead now has fifty members. It lost its paraphernalia 
in the fire referred to, but is now well ecjuipped and in good condi- 
tion to work. It has paid out in benefits since instituted, 6^485.50. 

Its Chief Patriarchs have been: Frank M. Briggs, J. A. 
Goldthwaite, A. C. Hibbard, Clarence E. Lombard, Alexander F. 
Edes, Clarence E. Lombard, Zebulon G. Stevens, Edward A. 
Somers, Charles E. Higgins, M. S. Fogg, C. W. Stevens, Arthur 
AVitham, Fred Mellor, Elmer Stevens, Leon B. Cousins, A\'illiam 
B, AVilliams, L. B. Cousins, Elmer Stevens, and Selden D. Kice. 



Lakeside Rebekah Lodge, No. 116 

The last Rebekah Lodge to be instituted in this County was 
Lakeside Rebekah Lodge, No. 116, of Greenville. This was insti- 
tuted April 20, 1905, by Leon S. Merrill, Grand Master. 

The names of the charter members, most of whom are still 
residents of Greenville and active members in the lodge, are, Eli 
H. Buck, Clara C. Buck, Idella A. Carleton, Harry M. Carleton, 
Henry N. Bartley, Nellie L. Bartley, Minnie A. Bartley, Susie M. 
Bartley, T. W. Bartley, Ellen Meservey, AValter Meservey, 
Edward CuUen, Stella M. Carleton, Lon Tyler, Eugene Tyler, 



110 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Flora Mayo, George C. Mayo, Caroline Mitchell, Peter McArthur, 
Elizabeth McArthur, Alice A. Carletoii, Joseph B. Potter, Lillian 
G. Hiklreth, Agnes Gregan, James Gregan, Freeman Tyler, Sadie 
U. Bartlett, Lulu P. McDowell, John E. McDowell, Flora R. 
Wood, Thomas E. ^\^ood, Ada M. Pooler, E. M. Perry, Isaac M. 
Murphy, Elizabeth Llamilton, Clarence Hamilton, Aggie Potter, 
Moses Micue, Sarah Micue, Henry P. Sawyer, Louisa M. Sawyer, 
Mabel S. Hunt, Hiram Hunt, Annie E. Young, I^eonard R. 
Young, John Arboo, Amos R. Rulmer, Blanche F. Bulmer, Nora 
Pooler, Mary Young, Myrtle McPheters, Nellie ^Nlasterman, \ ina 
Evans, Elizabeth Blanchard, Lillie Brogan, Sarah L. Davis, Joseph 
S. Le Mieux, Laura M. Hiklreth, L. L. Hildi-eth, Daniel C. 
Jardine, Irving Hamilton, David Brown. 

The lodge now numbers 113 and occupies the fine lodge 
quarters in the Shaw Block. It is an important factor in Green- 
ville Odd Fellowship, and like other Rebekah Lodges in the 
County, enjoys visitations with other lodges and does its share in 
maintaining the principles of the Order. It has a steady increase 
in membership. 

Its Noble Grands have been : Elizabeth Hamilton, Stella 
Carleton, Mary Young, Blanche Meservey, Myrtle McPheters, 
Elizabeth Hamilton, Lilla Allen, Lilla Allen, Grace Young. 



Washington Encunipnient, No. 50 

The youngest Pjicampment in the County is AVashington 
Encampment, No. 56, instituted at Milo, Februarj' 22, 1907, 
Willis A. Bailey, Grand Patriarch. 

The charter members were, John E. Doble, Chester H. Bus- 
well, Bert L. Gould, Stanley Paddock, F. A. Genthner, AV. AV. 
Waugh, L, G. C. Brown, C. A\'. A\'entworth, C. A. Sprague, D. 
AV. Curtis, J. F. Davis, F. R. Danforth, H. A. Snow, C. AV. 
Conner, A. J. Pierce, A. C. Soule, Fred M. Bolster, A\^ E. 
Gammon, G. A^^ Johnstone. 

Although only six years old, it has been so well supported by 
Dirigo Lodge that it now has upon its rolls 65 members. The 
steady growth which it has enjoyed, especially during the last two 



ODD FELLOWSHIP IN PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 111 



or three years, will soon make it one of the large Encampments of 
the State. 

A\'hen instituted, it was placed in the Bangor district, but in 
1910 was transferred to District No. 11, which embraces El 
Dorado, No. 20, of Dover, Silver Lake, No. SO, of Dexter and 
Moosehead, No. 51, of (xuilford, thus making a compact district, 
easy for visitation and district meetings, which ai"e held each year. 
With the loyal support of a growing lodge, its future seems secure. 

Its Chief Patriarchs in the six years of its existence have been: 
J. F. Davis, John E. Doble, W. W. Waugh, I. G. lAIayo, W. A. 
Hobbs, Walter H. Snow and Mollis J. Hall. 



Canton Kineo, No. 6, Patriarchs Militant 

The first and only Canton of Patriarchs Militant in Piscata- 
quis County was mustered in as Canton Kineo, No. 6, the 
present year, at Dover, May 21, 1913, by General Frederick W. 
Hinckley, Department Commander. The Commander was assisted 
by General Charles M. Stewart, Colonel E. E. Kirk, Lieutenant 
Colonel A. R. Lovette, Captain Leroy D. White, Captain H. E. 
Harriman, Captain J. T. Holbrook and other Chevaliers from 
Bangor. 

An election of officers resulted in the unanimous choice ot 
Willis E. Parsons, Captain ; Calvin W. Brown, Lieutenant ; 
Arthur A. Dinsmore, Ensign; Fred D. Barrows, Clerk; and 
Sanger E. Coburn, Accountant. The officers were then installed 
by Department Commander Hinckley. 

The appointive officers are. Standard Bearer, John A. Wiles ; 
Guard, A. G. Brown; Sentinel, G. F. Gould; Picket, S. J. Law. 
After the work was completed, able and interesting remarks were 
made by General Hinckley, General Stew^art and others, and the 
dismissing of the Canton was followed by refreshments in the ban- 
quet hall by Caterer D. E. Foulkes of the Union Square Cafe. 

Much enthusiasm was shown by the Chevaliers, a vote of 
thanks tendered Canton Bangor, and at the close of the Canton- 
ment three ringing cheers were given for the Department Com- 
mander, and Canton Kineo, No. 6, of Dover, was launched on its 



112 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

career of usefulness as a unit of Patriarchs Militant with the 
lai'gest charter membership of any ever organized in this State. 
El Dorado Encampment alone can furnish over 200 Chevaliers. 

The regular meetings of the Canton will be held the third 
Wednesday of every month at its Armor}' in Odd Fellows Hall. 

At its first meeting after being mustered in, the Patriarchs 
Militant degree was conferred and six Chevaliers added to the 
ranks. 

The charter members are: Willis E. Parsons, Frank K. 
Rogan, John A. Wiles, Ralph L. Annis, F. L. Sawyer, Arthur A. 
Dinsmoi-e, Calvin W. Brown, Pearl F. Sawyer, S. T. Mansfield, 
H. J. Merrill, A. H. Bartlett, C. S. Maguire, W. B. Blethen, F. 
A. Merrill, C. A. Crommett, G. F. Cudmore, Edw. A. Weed, 
H. E. Rowe, J. W. Leland, George E. Vague, J. T. Ayer, H. H. 
Maguire, A. G. Brown, S. E. Coburn, Harold K. Farnham, Oscar 
H. Folsom, D. E. Dinsmore, C. F. Palmer, W. F. Crommett, S. 
A. Annis, T. P. Elliott, F. W. Brown, Harry Coy, Fred A. 
Moore, Clarence E. LafFerty, Orman L. Trundy, Fred P. Ayer, A.. 
C. Moore, G. F. Gould, A. M. Davis, Elmer E. Cole, E. H. 
Nickerson, F. D. Barrows, A. L. Gilman, E. A. Glover, S. J. 
Chase, S. F. Atwood, R. E. Hoyt, W. H. Bartlett, W. S. Ham, 
Charles F. Dearth, F. E. Da}, W. H. True, A. M. Pratt, J. H. 
Taylor, E. A. Ramsdell, J. H. Shaw, John F. Sprague, W. H. 
Buck, F. E. AVaterman, C. L. Hoyt, R. H. Sands, F. E. 
Chandler, George W. Harvey, L. C. Sawyer, E. D. Noyes, 
Edward J. Mayo, C. S. Swallow, H. F. Powers, S. J. Law, E. J. 
Rankins, F. T. Crommett. 

Honorable John F. Sprague of Dover, for aid rendered in the 
organization of different branches of the Order, has a record un- 
equaled in this County, if not in the State: five times his name 
has appeared as charter member, first in Good Cheer Lodge, No. 
37, of Guilford, then Onaway Lodge, No. 106, and North Star 
Rebekah Lodge, No. 38, both of Monson, ]\Ioosehead Encamp- 
ment, No. 51, of Guilford, and this year, Canton Kineo, No. 6, of 
Dover. 




HONORABLE JOHN F. SPRAGUE OF DOVER 
Past Noble Grand of Onaway Eodge. No. 1()() 




LOUIS C. FORD. M. I).. ()p^ MILO 
Past Noble Grand of Dirjo-o I.odoe. No. (iS 



ODD FELLOWSHIP LN PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 118 



Our Fraternity 

All branches of the Order in Piscataquis have shown a most 
laudable spirit of good fellowship and true fraternity. Visitations 
of lodges are a common occurrence in this part of Maine's jurisdic- 
tion. Subordinate and Kebekah I^odges have social gatherings, 
other lodges being invited, degrees conferred on candidates, enter- 
tainments given with good music by the lodge orchestra, at which 
friendly interchange of remarks under the Good of the Order are 
often inspiring and helpful to the work, all followed by a sump- 
tuous banquet usually prepared by the local Rebekah Lodge. 

Frequently old El Dorado Encampment holds such gather- 
ings, or loads its paraphernalia on the train and with its degree 
staff and a goodly number of other Patriarchs, goes to Milo, Mon- 
son or Dexter to work a degree and sometimes to Bangor or other 
sections out of the County. 

Silver Lake Encampment at Dexter is a wide-awake Encamp- 
ment, growing rapidly. Most of its charter members were El 
Dorado Patriarchs, and a true brotherly spirit has always existed 
between them and the Patriarchs of Piscataquis. Silver Lake 
Encampment is also in this district, which is composed of four 
Encampments, El Dorado, No. 20, at Dover, Silver Lake, No. 30, 
at Dexter, Moosehead, No. 51, at Guilford and Washington, No. 
56, at Milo. Its history as an Encampment might well be given 
here, except that this article purports to be a brief account of Odd 
Fellowship in Piscataquis County. 

This fraternizing of Lodges and Encampments has been very 
beneficial to all branches of the Order in this section. Enthusiasm 
for the work has been created and social intercourse has strength- 
ened fraternal ties, developing a deeper appreciation of the 
principles of the Order and a unity in that purpose of extending 
its blessings to still greater numbers who may be found ready 
to assume its obligations. It has proved a potent factor in the 
steady growth of Odd Fellowship in this district. 

The Lodges and Encampments in this County, some of them 
instituted in recent years and all of small beginning, have paid out 
in relief to its members and the needy, $51,000.00. This is 
surely a magnificent relief fund in a small community like ours, but 



lU SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

while the command of our Order is to "visit the sick, relieve the 
distressed, bury the dead and educate the orphan,*' it is bv no 
means the most important part of our great institution. 

We strive to elevate all mankind; to improve the character of 
man, to awaken in him a higher conception of his capabilities for 
good, to enlarge the sphere of his affections, and prepare him for 
the "true, fraternal relation designed by the Great Author of his 
being, ' ' 

What Odd Fellowship means to the community, state or 
nation in which it flourishes, only members of the Order familiar 
with its principles and its profound teachings as an institution can 
know. It recognizes all men as brothers, and so cordial and 
friendly are the relations of its members that politics or religion are 
never discussed and so far as known never thought of in the lodge 
room. There is no caste. Here the rich and the poor, the high 
and the low, meet on a common level, all learning humility and 
the essential features of the great lessons of life. 

It makes for better citizenship, and good citizens make a great 
Republic. Paul reasoned of righteousness, temperance and a 
judgment to come. So Odd Fellowship teaches righteousness, 
right living, just precepts and that true love of God and humanity 
which banishes wrong impulses from the heart so that it ma}' not 
foster evil, the bane of society, the foundation of all wrong, the 
"progenitor of crime, hatred and violence." 

And it is true that our Order has been the means whereby 
many a brother has received his first practical Christian lesson. 
Its members learn to teach, hence to know some of the most beau- 
tiful lessons drawn from Holy Writ, and as the older members have 
been enlightened so they strive to enlighten those who seek to 
become one with them, to make each new acquisition to their ranks 
feel as the}- take him by the hand and he looks them in the face, 
that he is in all the force of its deep meaning, a brother. 

And how much of real Christianity is embraced in that word, 
brother. What true religion of the heart is embodied in a sincere 
brotherhood. How uplifting the associations of the lodge room, 
the home of the Odd Fellow, where the world is shut out and those 
who have assumed the sacred obligations find that Sympathy and 
Love assert their mild dominion, while Faith and Charity, so rare 



ODD FELLOWSHIP L\ PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 115 

in the world, here combine to bless the mind w ith peace and soften 
the heart with sympathy. Charity, Charity toward each other, 
Charity which suffereth long and is kind, and, recoonizino; the frail- 
ties of humanity, strives to help an erring or unfortunate brother 
with a true Christian spirit. 

Temperance is also taught and no man who in any way deals 
in intoxicants can become a member of the Order. Not all Odd 
Fellows are teetotalers, but the number who are addicted t<j the 
use of intoxicating liqiioi's is l)ecoming less every year and an in- 
fringement of lodge rules leads to discipline and, if persisted in, to 
expulsion from the Order. No good Odd Fellow, however firm his 
control of his own appetite, sets a bad example for a weakei- brother 
to follow. He asks not the questicm, ''Am I my brother's 
keeper.^'' but rather, "How can my influence be extended, that I 
may exert a greater power for good.^*" 

Of a judgment to come, the Odd Fellow is also reminded, and 
keeps in view the vanity of worldly things, the instability of 
wealth and power, and knowing man's mortality and the certain 
decay of all earthly greatness, strives for immortality in that sphere 
where it is fully realized that the God of nations is the Father of 
all men and all men are brothers. 

It teaches loyalty to country and flag and the nation today is 
a stronger Republic by reason of nearly two million of men above 
the age of twenty-one within its borders, who bear aloft, side by 
side with the Stars and Stripes, the banner of Amei-ican Odd Fel- 
lowship. That mighty host now spreading throughout Christendom 
with Amicitia, Amor et Veritas, inscribed upon its banner, is 
rapidly fraterni/ing the nations of earth and hastening the hour 
when they shall learn war no more, when one law shall bind all 
nations, tongues and kindreds of the earth, and that law will be 
"the law of universal brotherhood.'" The lessons of Odd Fellow- 
ship, founded upon Holy \\'rit and laid down in our ritual, have 
been prepared by the greatest minds that ever blessed this free, big- 
hearted country of ours and are beautiful in construction and last- 
ing in eff'ect. 

The laws and regulations of the Order are under the Sovereign 
Grand Lodge, which meets annually, its legislative body being 
made up of two representatives from each Grand Lodge and two 



116 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

from eacli Grand Encampment under its jurisdiction, and no abler 
body of men ever assembles. It has been called the senate of the 
world. This body keeps abreast of ever changing conditions, the 
needs of the Order and of the people in different nationalities where 
its various branches exist. 

No greater agency for good to humanity now exists among 
fraternal associations, or was ever known to mankind. It is being 
recognized in other lands and the future no man can tell, but the 
rapid growth of the Order shows that it is more and more ajipre- 
ciated by men who have the good of humanity at heart. Our own 
County of Piscatatjuis is more temperate, more law abiding, more 
Christian in spirit, and has more good fellowship by reason of Odd 
Fellowship. It surely is worthy the support of everv citizen who 
is so fortunate as to be eligil)le to its I'anks. 

To members of the Order who are familiar with its teachings, 
I have sometimes likened Odd Fellowship to a mighty temple, 
illuminating the earth, its bright rays penetrating the darkness of 
prejudice, hatred and violence. AVithin its shining portals there is 
no sect or creed for there the God of Nations is the Father of all 
men and all men are brothers. 

Under its benign influence the tear of the widow is stayed and 
the orphan loves to linger, while the aged and infirm thank God 
for its protection. Refoi'e its altar strong men learn of the insta- 
bility of wealth and power and that there Friendshij) and Love 
assert their mild dominion, while Faith and Chai-ity combine to 
bless the mind with peace and soften the heart with sAinpathy. 
The votaries at its shrine, a mighty host among the sons of men, 
imbued with Toleration and the Golden Rule, Sympathy and Love, 
reach out toward all humanity, hastening that period when one law 
shall bind all nations, tongues and kindreds of the earth, and that 
law will be the law of universal l)rotherhood. 



Stated Meetinos of the Order 

For the benefit of visiting Odd Fellows, the date of stated 
meetings of the different branches of the Order in this County is 
here given : 



ODD FELLOWSHIP LN PISCATAQUIS COUNTY 117 

Subordinate Lodges 

Dirif^o Lodf)e, No. 63, Milo, each Wednesday evening. 
Kineo Lodge, No. 64, Dover, each Friday evening. 
Good Cheer Lodge, No. B7, Guilford, each Thursday evening. 
Onavvay Lodge, No. 106, Monson, each Thursday evening. 
New England Lodge, No. 125, Greenville, each Monday 
evening. 

Encampments 

El Dorado Encampment, No, 20, Dover, first and third 
Monday evening. 

Moosehead Encampment, No. 51, Guilford, first and third 
Tuesday evening. 

Washington Encampment, No. 56, Milo, second and fourth 
Monday evening. 

Rebekah Lodges 

Wenonah Rebekah Lodge, No. 11, Dover, first and second 
Tuesday evening. 

Orion Rebekah Lodge, No. 16, Milo, first and third I'^riday 
evening. 

Golden Link Rebekah Lodge, No. 37, Guilford, first and third 
Friday evening. 

North Star Rebekah Lodge, No, 38, Monson, second and 
fourth Tuesday evening. 

Lakeside Rebekah Lodge, No, 116, Greenville, first and third 
Thursday evening. 

Patriarchs Militant 

Canton Kineo, No. 6, Dover, third Wednesday of every 
month. 



Sprague's Journal of Maine History 

PUBLISHED QUARTERLY 
Vol. 1 SEPTEMBER, 1913 No. 3 



JOHN FRANCIS SPRAGUE, Dover, Maine, Editor and Publisher, to whom all com- 
munications should l)e addressed. 

Entered as si'cond class matter, at the post ofliee at Dover, Maine. 

'I'EKMS: For all numbers issued duringr the year, including: an index and all special is- 
sues, §1.(10. Siuiile copies, '25 cents. Bound volumes, containing all of the issues for one year, 
$1.50. Postage prepaid. 



" IVe imist look a little into that process of nation-making 
ivhich has been going on since preliistoric ages and is going 
on here aviojig ns to-day, and/rom the recorded experience 
of men in times long past we may gather lessons of infinite 
value for ourselves and for onr children' s children.'' 

— John Fiske. 



Organization 

One of the most important elements which constitutes the 
civilization of this age, is organization. Every go>ernment in the 
world avails itself of this power. 

A Republic like ours cannot maintain the political purity and 
integrity of its statesmen and leaders without moi-e than one politi- 
cal party. A thorough and complete organization of these parties 
is necessary for them to exist. Politicians recognize the })ower and 
utility of this to a great extent; consequently men who are natural 
organizers are among the ablest and mcjst successful statesmen in 
this country. 

In the religious world it is the same. The Catholic Church 
owes much of its wonderful success to its perfect organization. 

Now there are certain truths and principles which e\erv one 
admits are right and should be promulgated. 

All will admit that friendship, benevolence, love and charity 
should be practiced by all men. 

None will deny that anything which will serve to enlighten us 
in regard to our duty towai-ds each other as members of the great 
brotherhood of mankind should be encouraged and receiAe attention. 

The only (piestion that can arise is in relation to the means to 
be used to accomplish these results. 



SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 119 

Fraternal orders like the Odd Fellows, have a\ailed themselves 
of this mighty power of organization, for the purpose of practicing 
and making more perfect the application of these principles among 
their fellowmen. 

And such orders are doing a \ ast amount of good in the world, 
and the world is begiiniing to understand and appi'eciate them. 
Manv wonder at their success, but it is no miracle oi- m\sterv. 



DAVIS' SPRUCE GUM 

is Nature's Own Product 

Refined from Selected Maine Stock 
Sold everywhere or sent direct 

Harrv Davis, Monson, Maine 



AN OUNCE OF MILLINERY SENSE will 
enable anyone to buiki a hat. but it takes 
EXPERIENCE and JUDGMENT combined 
with Skilled Designers to fashion MILLI- 
NERV WITH CHARACTER TO IT. "A hat 
for every woman's head." Call and see my 
line. 

FRANCES E. GELLERSON 
Dover, Maine 



A. W. Gilman k Co. 

Flour 

Western Grain 

Hav and Straw 



Wholesale and Retail 
Write for Prices 



FOXCROFT, - MAINE 

Phone 202-11 



To Bookbuyers and Others 

Are you in want of any out of print book or publication ? If so, I 
should be pleased to assist you. I am in communication with many of 
the largest dealers in second-hand and out-of-print books in all sec- 
tions of the United States, England, France and Germany, and receive 
their catalogues regularly. I will assist you in looking up any genea- 
logical or historical data you desire. Charges moderate. Any 
iiirrent publication which you do not find at your book store I will ob- 
tain for you at short notice. 

EDGAR C. SMITH, 

Foxcroft. Maine. 



We have positive evidence of the reliability of the advertisers on these pages 



120 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

BUMPS k OWEN j The Roberts House 

is where a large portion of the traveling- 
General Insurance Agents ' public stop when in the beautiful and 

picturesque village of Monson. 

Ti/iTTi-^ AfATTVT^ Good rooms, excellent table fare and 

' the best of service. 



GET THE HABIT 



R. M. Ingalls Clothing 
Company 

MILO, MAINE 

New York Department Store 
ROBINSON BROS. 

Tlie largest line of Clothing:, Boots, Shoes 
and Rubbers, Dry and Fancy Goods, Ladies' 
Suits and Garments, Carpets, Rugs, Etc. 
Chic Underwear, Ask us for the "Nemo," 
P. N. or Wilhelmina Corsets. 

MILO, MAINE 

F. U. Witham & Co. 

DEALERS IN 

Stoves, Ranges and 
Furnaces 

GUILFORD, MAINE 



Young, Judkins &c Co. 

DEALERS IN 

Stoves, Furnaces and 

Tinware 

Plumbing and Heating 

GREENVILLE, - MAINE 

Phone 17-2 

Arthur A. Clark & Co. 

COMPLETE HOUSE 
FURNISHINGS 



MILO, 



MAINE 



MILO FRUIT CO. 

C. O. PURDY. Proprietor 
22 Main Street. MILO, MAINE 

Wholesale and Retail Dealers in 

Fruit, Confectioner}', Nut.s, Ice 

Cream, Cold Soda and Cigars 

Phone 15-1 



The most beautiful site for hotels, clubs or cottages to be found 
on any inland lake in Maine is now for sale. 

THE FAMOUS MACFARLANE FARM 

in Greenville on the shore of Moosehead Lake. It is 500 feet higher 
than the surface of the lake and 1600 feet above sea level. Over- 
looks a large portion of this great lake and within view of some of 
the grandest scenery in the world. Contains 400 acres. About 100 
acres under high state of cultivation, the remainder valuable forest 
growth. Address, Victor W. Macfarlane, 235 Fifth Avenue, 
New York City, N. Y. 



We have positive evidence of the reliability of the advertisers on these pages 



SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 129 




Falmouth Hotel 
J. J. POOLER, 

Proprietor, 



Portland, Maine. 



European and American Plan. 



50,000 Horse Power 

AVAILAHLK FOK INDl'STKIES IN CENTRAL MAINE 

Central Maine Power Co. 

Offices at Augusta, Gardiner, Waterville, Skowhegan, 
Pittsfield and Dexter. 



CONTENTS 

General John Parker Boyd and Jad^e Henr}- Orne, - 131 

Wayfarer's Notes, - - - - - - - 136 

Poem — Bii>uyduce, -_--._ 144 

Along the Old Savage Road, (Editorial) - - - 145 

Notes on Judge Jonathan Saywai-d of York, Maine, - 148 
Joseph Eller\' Foxcroft, the Original Proprietor of the Town 

of Foxcroft, Maine, - - - - - - 150 

The Lexington of the Seas, - - - - - 157 

Vital Statistics from the Early Records of the Town of 

Monson, Maine, ---_.. lg5 

Notes and Fragments, ------ 167 

John, or John Jackson Folsom, . - - - 170 

ILLUSTRATIONS 

Frontispiece, " Fort Flalifax," - - - - 130 

Joseph Ellery Foxcroft, ------ 150 

Machias River, ------- 162 



1,'JO SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 




A CoUmial laiuliiiMrk now sLiridiiiii iii ('ciilral Mnino, heiiifr situatod within the town of 
Winslow ill Ki'iinohi'c County. In 17.')l Ciovcrnor Sliiik-y erected (luite an extensive fortifica- 
tion there wliieh would acconnnodate four huiuh'ed men. It was situated at tlie junction of 
tlie Kennel)ec and .Sehastieook K i vers, near Ticonie Falls. The al)ove represents one of the 
block houses of this fortification on the same sjjot where it was originally built and is now 
know 11 as "Fort Halifa.x." 



John Francis Spra^ue's Books 1 S. G. SANFORD & SON 

Livery and Sales Stable 



Pist-ataquis Biography and Frag- 
ments. $1.00 

Seba.stian Rale, a Maine Trag- 
edy of thi- IStli Century. $1.00 

The North Eastern Boundary 
Contro/ersv anil the Aroos- 
took War, " $1.25 

Aeeidental Siiooting in the Game 

Season. .25 

Backwoods Sketches. $1.00 

Also Piseata()uis Historical So- 
ciety Collections. Vol. I, $2.00 

Any of the above named books will be 
sent postpaid upon receipt of the 
jirice. 

A. J. HUSTON, 

92 Exchange St., Portland, Maine. 



Shlish Rigs, Horses, Carriages, 
Sleighs, Harness and Robes. 

LARGEST REPOSITORY 
IN EASTERN MAINE. 

Teams to and from all trains. 
Summer Street, near M. C. R. R. Station, 

F'oxcroft, Maine. 
Phone 92-2. 



We have positive evidence of the reliability of the advertisers on these pages 



Sprague's Journal of Maine History 

Vol. I OCTOBER, 1913 No. 4 



General John Parker Boyd and Judge Henry 

Orne, the Original Proprietors of the 

Town of Orneville, Maine 

Itead Before the Piscataquis Historical Society bv John Francis 

Sprague 

(Continued from Page 47.) 

Henry Orne, from whom the town of Orneyille deriyed its name, 
was one of the Ornes of Marblehead in the Connnon wealth of 
Massachusetts. They were among the most prominent citizens and 
early patriots of the Colony. 

He was a descendant in the fourth jojeneration from Joshua 
Oi'iie, who was a merchant and frequently a town officer in Marble- 
head. 

Colonel Azor Orne, son of Joshua and the grandfather of 
Henry, was born in Marblehead, July 22, 1731. He began his 
public career in 1773 as a representative to the General Court; but 
he gained the most renown in 1775 at the breaking out of the 
Revolutionary AVar. He was active as a member of the Committee 
of Safety. He was a member of both branches of the General 
Court and a delegate to the Provincial Congress. With Elbridge 
Gerrv and Jeremiah Gerry he was elected a member of the First 
Continental Congress. 

Roads "History and Traditions of Marblehead"* (1880) page 
217 savs of Colonel Orne: "He was an eminent patriot, freely 
gi\ing his time, and loaning his money for the cause in which he 
was engaged. "" 

He was a member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Conven- 
tion and also of the convention called for the adoption of the 
Federal Constitution in 1788. He was a member of the Council 
in 1780 and 1788, and in 1792 was chosen an elector of President 
and Vice-President of the United States. 

On the twenty-eighth of October, 1771, a town meeting was 
held in Boston to consider what action should be taken in regard 



132 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

to British usurpation. At this meeting, which was undoubtedly 
the most important one of the kind ever held in the colony, John 
Hancock presided, and it has been said that then and there "the 
foundation was laid for the American Union." 

It was at this town meeting that Samuel Adams made his 
famous motion that "a committee of correspondence be appointed, 
to consist of twenty-one persons, to state the rights of the colonists 
and of this province in particular, as men and christians, and as 
subjects; and to communicate and publish the same to the several 
towns and to the world, as the sense of this town, with the in- 
fringements and violations thereof that have been, or from time to 
time may be, made." 

James Otis was chairman of this committee and a letter was 
prepared and sent to every town in the province. One of the first 
towns to respond to this spirited call was Marblehead, which they 
did by calling a town meeting. Thomas Gerry was moderator and 
a committee was chosen, of which Colonel Azor Orne was chair- 
man ; the other members being P^lbridge Gerry, afterwards Vice- 
President of the United States, and Governor of Massachusetts, 
Thomas Gerry, Jr., Joshua Orne and Captain John Nutt. 

Colonel Orne was subsequently made chairman of another 
committee known as "a committee on grievances." Colonel Orne 
was active in the affairs of the colony w'hich led up to the Revolu- 
tion, served in the war and was at the battle of Lexington. " 

He was the friend and intimate associate and valued advisor 
of such renowned patriots as James Otis, the Gerrys, Samuel 
Adams and John Hancock. 

Colonel Azor Orne married Sarah Gerry in December, 1785. 
She was a niece of Elbridge Gerry. 

Azor Orne, Junior, son of Colonel Azor Orne, was born March 
1, 1762, and died April 17, 1795. Very little regarding his life is 
obtainable, he having thus died at the early age of thirty-three years. 

Judge Henry Orne, son of Azor Orne, Junior, was born in 
1792 and died at Orneville, Maine, January 2, 1853. 

In the early thirties of the last century there was a frenzied 
speculation in Maine lands. They were bought and sold at 

(a) Roads History of Marblehead, p. 89. 



JUDGE HENRY ORNE 133 



fabulous prices and when the inevitable collapse came it left many 
poor and struggling towns like Milton in a most deplorable con- 
dition. " 

The greater portion of these lands which had passed through 
the hands of mad speculators were now held by non-residents w^ho 
refused to pay any taxes assessed upon them, and, as the State of 
Maine did not then have, any more than at the present time, just 
and eHicient laws to enforce the payment of such taxes, the munici- 
pal burdens fell upon the inhabitants ; in the case of Milton, 
incompetent and indiscreet men were often chosen town officers, 
who did not manage town affairs with prudence and judgment, and 
consequently, in 1837, a crisis in the finances of Milton was 
imminent. 

At this timeLoring*' says that: "An individual voluntarily 
came to the rescue. Judge Henry Orne of Boston, who had 
married a niece of General Boyd, who had a large estate, who was 
unwilling to see all the land interest of the late proprietor rendered 
worthless, and who was willing to make a name and a place for 
himself, stepped in and undertook a work of recover}-. He 
obtained possession of the greater part of the late proprietor's un- 
sold land. He encouraged the town to raise and assess in a lawful 
and equitable manner, money to commence the payment of their 
debts, and readily paid his proportion. He began to erect mills at 
the outlet of Boyd Lake, and drew in business men. A sawmill 
and a first-class gristmill were a great convenience to the settlers. 
Judge Orne selected an elevated and pleasant tract of land, which 
commanded a splendid view of the lake, cleared it, and laid out an 
old-time 'baronial Manor'. Buildings, fields, orchards, gardens 
and ornamental trees were all on a large and elegant scale. A 
piece of primeval forest was reserved for a deer park, but this was 
never stocked with them. 



(a) In remarking upon this condition of affairs which prevailed 
throughout Maine, John Hodgdon, the Land Agent, in his report of 1836 
says: "The wild spirit of speculation, which so recently swept like a 
desolating pestilence over the whole community, turning industry and 
capital from their natural channels, has at length spent its fury, and men 
are beginning to return to their respective occupations." 

(b) Loring's History of Piscataquis County (1880) p. 199. 



134 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



"He was thoroughly educated and a man of refined taste. In 
his culture and bearing he well represented 'a gentleman of the old 
school,' capped with a large share of high-bred aristocracy. So in 
social life he had a kingdom of his own, and business alone forced 
outsiders to invade it. The workmen employed upon his farm had 
a separate house, table and style of living. He lived upon his 
magnificent estate until his death and departed, revered and grate- 
fully remembered." 

After the municipal regeneration of the town, prosperity re- 
turned to its chastened and wiser inhabitants. Land became 
saleable, population increased and schools were revived. '' 

Some of the older residents of Orneville and vicinity are yet 
living who remember him, and their recollections of him coincide 
with the foregoing. 

His home was known as the "Orne Mansion," where he lived 
in grand style for those da}s, entertained brother lawyers from 
Dover, Foxcroft, Sebec and other places hereabouts, and exchanged 
visits with such prominent families as the Crosbys of Atkinson and 
friends from Bangor. 

His hospitality was proverbial among his chosen friends and 
associates. When he entertained, his tables were laden, not onlv 
with the products of the farm and wild game and birds from the 
surrounding forests, but he had the best eatables and provisions 
and the choicest wines and liipiors that were obtainable in the Bos- 
ton markets. These were shipped to him by vessel to Bangor in 
large quantities and thence Iw teams to his home. 

The late Honorable Alexander M. Robinson was for many 
years an intimate friend of Judge Orne and his attorney. At the 
time of his death he contributed the following tribute to his 
memory for the Piscataquis Observer in its issue of January 13, 
1853. 

"Judge Orne was a man richly endowed by nature and of a 
refined and cultivated intellect; he was descended from a distin- 
guished ancestry ; Azor Orne of Marblehead, one of the most 
prominent and active men of the 'OLD COLONY' at the com- 
mencement of our revolutionary struggles, was his grandfather, and 

(a) Loring's History of Piscataquis County, p. 199. 



JUDGE HENRY ORNE 135 



his mother was a niece of the celebrated Elbridge Gerry. The 
Judge was educated for the bar, and commenced the practice of 
the law in the state of Kentucky. He soon, however, returned to 
his native State, and entered upon the {)ractice in the Citv of Bos- 
ton, where he rapidly advanced to distinction. Here he entered 
upon the career of politics and was an ardent supporter of Mr. 
Crawford, and started the newspaper which has since become the 
Boston Post, to support the claims of that gentleman. 

"About this time he was appointed a Judge of the Municipal 
Coin-t for the City of Boston. After a residence of several years 
in Boston, he resigned his office, abandoned the practice, and 
removed to the State of Ohio, where he spent several rears in the 
pursuit of agriculture, and then removed to a plantation in the 
South. 

"About twelve years since became from the South to the town 
in this County, bearing his name, and in which he held a propri- 
etary interest, where he has since busied himself in making 
improvements upon his property, and in cultivating and adorning 
the beautiful farm on which he resided, leading the dignified, but 
quiet and unobtrusive life of a country gentleman. He was a man 
of courteous manners and of a kindly disposition and obliging 
neighbor, a firm and indulgent friend, an honest man." 

Since preparing the foregoing, I have found in the files of the 
Lewiston Journal, the following interview with Mr. Robinson above 
referred to, entitled "The Founders of Orneville, " written by 
Holman Day when he was a reporter for that paper : 

In the law library the other day the lawyers were talking about the 
romantic retreat of old Squire Orne years and years ago. The Squire was 
the General Knox of Piscataquis County. 

Some one said I believe that it was early in the forties when he came 
to Maine from Boston, a disgruntled, disappointed politician. He was a 
nephew of the famous Vice-President Elbridge Gerry, he was a descendant 
from the old aristocratic stock, a man of refined literary tastes, a dignified, 
quiet demeanor, a large, fine looking gentleman of the old school. But he 
failed to get a place in Jackson's cabinet, and that failure soured him. He 
became a Jackson hater and sought for a corner where he might retreat 
from the world of politics. In those days Maine afforded plenty of favorable 
spots or retreats for any man who was sighing for a lodge in some vast 
wilderness. Mrs. Orne was a niece of General Boyd, the famous Indian 
fighter, who received a fortune from the British government in the recogni- 
tion of his services. To the General were granted certain tracts of land in 



136 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



Maine. Thus it came about that to Mrs. Orne came as a heritage lands in 
Piscataquis County, and to this place her husband removed their home when 
his political disappointment came upon him. 

There's a pretty little lake in the tract. The line of the Bangor and 
Piscataquis Railroad * skirts it now. This body of water the Squire named 
Boyd Lake, a name it still bears and the township was called Orneville. 

The house that he erected was a mansion in those days and here he 
entertained lavishly all who came into the wilderness to visit him. 

There were many visitors, too, even though the stage coaches came no 
nearer than Bangor, two score miles away. But Mr. Orne had teams in 
plenty and brought guests to his house in style. 

I stood at the site of the old home some months ago, remarked Mr. 
Robinson, and a peculiar lonesome feeling came across me. I used to attend 
to the Squire's legal affairs and was the executor of his estate. I used to 
have occasion to visit the place when everything was blooming there. But 
now there is only a cellar with woodbine charitably hiding some of the 
gaping chasm. 

After the Squire died and his wife went to Boston there was a 
fire that completely wiped out the buildings. 

I have sold that farm twice, once for $3,000 and again not long ago 
for $300. You may see how real estate slides down the incline. 

The "Squire," we always called him by that name, brought about 
$40,000 to Maine with him; that was a comfortable fortune in those days; 
but after he died and the estate was settled I was able to rake together 
barely $10,000. He tried to be a business man but he was eminently unfit- 
ted for business. He had a magnificent farm that he cleared up at a great 
expense, but he hired large crews to work the place, and the theories that 
he tested were pretty expensive. He built a mill at the lake but did not 
give it much attention. He spent most of his time writing poetry and 
novels though I don't think any of them were ever printed. 

To some men that life in the woods would have been monotonous but 
he seemed to grow happier every year. I was with him when he died and 
he passed with the calm content of a Philosopher. 

(*) Now Bangor & Aroostook Railroad. 

(Note.) I am indebted to Mrs. D. H. Danforth of Foxcroft, Maine, for 
some of the data herein relating to Judge Orne.) 



Wayfarer's Notes 

The liuiioor Theological Semiiiiiry 

(Continued from page 72.) 

The 13aiio-or House, and many other notable houses, as well as 
parks are on the same estate. 



WAYFARER'S NOTES 137 

Mr. Davenport and the writer of this wei*e born in the same 
town, not far apart in distance, but in years many. I take pleasure 
in writing of his benevolences. 

Some discuss^n has l)een goiiiii," on of late regarding the 
removal of the institution to Orono or Rrunswick. 

It is said to be an easy matter to remove S530(), ()()() worth of 
trust funds ! Nowadays it seems that a man can hai'dly be sure of 
making his own trust deed or will. A most eminent lawyer of this 
State lately informed me that it seemed about inipossil)le for a man 
to make his own will and have it {;ari-ied out. "It would seem the 
better and surer way to give while living. " 

The first class who graduated at the seminary in 18J^0 were: 

1. Nathaniel Chapman, from Exeter, New Hampshii-e ; min- 
ister at Bristol, Roothbay, Bremen, Camden, Thomaston, Warren, 
Unity; died in Pittston, April 1, 1858. 

2. Ira Dunning, from New York; minister at Williamsburg, 
then to Detroit, Michigan. 

3. Abraham Jackson, from Plymouth, Massachusetts ; minis- 
ter at Machias, 1821 ; Kingston, Massachusetts, and other places. 
Died at Fall River, 12 April, 1874. 

4. Elijah Jones, from Brewer (Holden); minister at Minot. 

5. Thomas Simpson, from Deerfield, New Hampshire; minis- 
ter at Edgcomb, and other places. 

6. Samuel Stowe from Barre, Vermont; minister at Cumber- 
land, \\'arren, York and other places. He died in Falmoutii. 

7. Moses Welch is named; probably did not graduate but 
took a i)artial course; minister at \\'illiamsl)urg, Amesbury, Massa- 
chusetts, and other places. Died in AVenham, Massachusetts. 

Neither of these students were graduates of any college. 

The first building erected was a chapel in 1828, which was 
occupied for a preparatory school, and for recitations and worship. 

This ])uilding was where the garden of the Handin homestead 
is. It was burned in a few years. The second building was called 
"The Connnons," built in 1827, for a boarding house and for 
study and dormitories. This is the house now occupied by Pi'ofes- 
sors Beckwith and Ropes. '' 

The lara-e brick building was erected in 1833; in August, 



(a) December 22, 1900. 



138 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

ReAerend Jotham Sewell laid a corner stone (or a stone in the wall) 
"with trowel and mortar reminding- him of his old trade."' 

In 1835 a committee was appointed "to lay out the oround 
given by Mr. Isaac Davenport as a site for the seminary into lots 
and to furnish a plan of buildings thereafter to ])e erected."' 

The first money paid into the treasury of the seminar\' was 
collected by Mrs. Kiah Railey from the members of the church in 
Newcastle. 

This church voted May 1, 18!£3, "unanimously to pay fifty 
cents a year for each memljer of the church, and if any member 
was not able it should be paid by the other mend^ers. " At that 
time the church had al^out fifty-four members. 

This Newcastle church kept up its interest in the seminary for 
many ^-ears. On the church records is the following item: 
November 7, 185^, Deacon George A. Thatcher, treasurer of the 
seminary, was present at a conference. Deacon Thatcher thanked 
the l)rethren who had recently subscribed five hundred dollars 
toward the endowment of two professorships. 

It has had agents at different times to collect funds. 

Among the first was the Reverend Jotham Sewell of Chester- 
ville, who was one of the founders, (and grandfather of Professor 
Sewell, now of the seminary. ) In 18^^ he went South and West, 
and I liave heard that his first subscribe)- in Boston was the father 
of Professor Ropes. 

In W'asjiington, John (^)uincy Adams was tlie largest donor. 
He was then secretary of state and a few years later President of 
the I 'nited States. I may add that he was an old school Unitarian 
and a great friend of Mr. Isaac I)a\ enport. 

The institution has had many donors, among whom were 
Doctor Jacob Hayes of ("hariestown, Massachusetts ; the two great 
East Indian merchants, Hiram and A\'ilham Fogg, and also Mr. 
Hiram Hayes l'\)gg of Hangor, all cousins, and all gave their 
money at the request or solicitation of anothei- cousin, the Reverend 
Samuel W. Hayes, a graduate of the seminary, in 1843, who loved 
it as "the apple of his eye." 



WAYFARER'S NOTES 139 

The First Trustees 

I give them as they are on the records ; Reverend John 
Sawyer (?) was born in Hebron, Connecticut, October 9, 1755 ; 
when he was a child his father moved to Orford in northern New 
Hampshire. 

There he worked on his father's farm until twenty-four years 
of age. He was said to have been a Revolutionary soldier and at 
the battle of Saratoga. He attended school at Hanover, New 
Hampshire, and entered Dartmouth college, graduating in 1785. 
He very soon after began to preach and was ordained minister at 
Orford, 1787, the place of his residence from childhood. He re- 
moved to Roothbay, Maine, where he was ordained minister of 
the Presbyterian church there, October 31, 1798. 

He seems to have varied his pastoral labors with missionary 
woi'k. 

I herewith print an extract from the report of the Massa- 
chusetts Missionary Society for 1801, 

"The Rev. John Sawyer commenced his mission to the 
settlements east of the Kennebec river in the province of Maine, 
August 23, 1800. During his mission he preached at Ballstown, 
Sheepscot, Passamacjuoddy, Dennysville, Robbinston, Moose Island, 
The settlements on the west side of Schoodic river, Pennamaquan, 
Pleasant Point. 

"The settlements on Penobscot and Kennebec rivers, (as far 
up as Camden on the former river, and West Barnardston on the 
latter) and at Corneville. He returned from his mission on 31st 
of October, having spent ten weeks in the ser\ice to which he was 
appointed, during which time he preached 63 sermons. 

"Mr. Sawyer was very kindly I'eceived in general ; but felt 
great inconvenience from the great disprt)portion between the time 
he had to spend, and the great extent of new settlements. He 
thinks there is great need of Missionaries, and a good prospect of 
usefulness in the eastern portion of our country. 

"About this time the church became Orthodox Congrega- 
tional. He was dismissed there Dec. 7, 1805. He came to 
Bangor about 1806, where he preached and taught school until 



140 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

181^-13, when he moved to Garland, Me., where he made his 
home for many years. 

"In one of the years he was in Bangor, between 1806-12, he 
attended about 100 funerals here and in the vicinity ; an epidemic 
raged at that time which the inhaliitants called 'Black death.' 
Mr. Sawyer preached in many towns in the vicinity of his residence 
and on the upper Penobscot river. He was much interested in the 
Bangor Theological Seminar}^, and was entitled to be called one of 
the founders of that institution. 

"On his one hundredth birthday, Oct. 1855, he made an 
address in the Central church in Bangor. The house w^as crowded 
and Rev. Enoch Pond, D . D. , who conducted the services, re- 
marked, 'that no one in that great assembly had ever known such 
an assembly before ; and no one would probably ever see the like 
again." " 

Some years previous Mr. Sawyer had returned to Bangor 
where he died October 14, 1858. 

2. Rev. Kiah Bailey was born at Brookfield, Mass., 11 
March, 1774. He graduated at Dartmouth college 1793. He 
settled at Newcastle, 4 Oct., 1797; dismissed Sept. 24, 1823. 
Overseer of Bowdoin college, 1800 to 1816. Removed to Ver- 
mont, where he died at Hardwick 17 Aug. 1857. 

(To be continued.) 



The Aroostook War 

The Smoke Talk of Doctor A. C. Hamlin, at the Tarratine 
Club last Saturday evening reminds the "Wayfarer'* of the inci- 
dents connected with the ^'olunteer troops in the Aroostook War. 

It was the fashion to ridicule these volunteers, but they were 
patriotic men. 

The War was just as real to them as was the Civil War to 
those who went South. 

Governor Washburn in his account of the northeastern 
boundary question said that "The Aroostook War, notwithstand- 
ing the ridicule attached to some of its episodes, and its tame 



WAYFARER'S NOTES 141 

conclusions, forms a chapter in the history of the State which does 
real honor to its border chivalry." 

There were among these men many descendants of soldiers in 
the War of 1812, of the Revolutionary AVar, and of the early 
French War. 

Some of these volunteers afterwards served with credit in the 
Civil War. 

Major Hastings Strickland of Bangor, as sheriff, had command 
or oversight of the volunteers in part. February 5, he and 
Captain Stover Rines, and his company from Old Town, arrived at 
the New Brunswick line. They were accompanied by Rufus 
Mclntire, the land agent, and several other gentlemen. The 
gentlemen put up at the house of one Fitsherbert, when the 
trespassers gathered one night and took them prisonei's, and 
carried them to Fredericton jail. " In a few da\s after, the volun- 
teer troops had all arrived at what is now Fort Fairfield. As soon 
as Governor Fairfield heard of the capture of the land agent, he 
appointed Colonel Jarvis of Ellsworth, provisional land agent. 
Colonel Jarvis immediately proceeded to the Aroostook River, 
arriving there February 23. 

The next day he issued the following order: — 

(Copy) 

"Headquarters, Aroostook, 

Feb. 24, 1839. 

"Joseph Porter, Esquire, Sir: — You are hereby notified of 

your appointment as colonel of the volunteers under my direction 

on the Aroostook, and act accordingly, retaining at the same time 

your command as captain, and your lieutenant acting in your 

place when you are officiating as colonel. 

CHARLES JAiniS, 

Acting Land Agent." 

March 2, 1839. Colonel Jarvis issued the following order: — 

"The volunteers assembled at Fort P'airfield and its vicinity, 

to aid the land agent in execution of the laws of the state will 

(a) Major Strickland was not taken prisoner but escaped and made an 
immediate journey to Augusta and informed Gov. Fairfield of the serious 
situation and prevailed on him to mobilize troops upon the border without 
further delay. "The Northeastern Boundary Controversy and the Aroos- 
took War," (Sprague) p. 63. 



142 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

parade under command of Joseph Porter, Esquire, acting as 
colonel, on the river opposite Fort Fairfield. Those gentlemen 
acting as captains will one and all take notice, and govern them- 
selves accordingly. 

"The review to take place at nine o'clock Sunday morning. 

CHARLES JARVIS. 
Fort Fairfield, March 2, 1839." 

On the Imck of this order is the following endorsement in the 
handwriting of Colonel Porter : 

"The \ olunteers, 1,000 strong, were reviewed as within, by 
Hon. Charles Jarvis, land agent, and Hon. J. T. P. Dumont, 
senator from Kennebec. By order of Hon. John Fairfield, gov- 
ernor of Maine. " 

In the meantime the drafted men were on their way to Aroos- 
took, and as they were soon to reach the seat of war, on the 19th 
day of March, the volunteers were discharged, and the fruits of their 
labors were enjoAed by those who came after them. After the 
decease of Colonel Porter, I found this roster of the officers of the 
volunteer troops. Diligent search has been made at the State 
House, and it is safe to say there is no record of these officers 
there. I ask the notice of persons who can remember back forty 
vears, to the officers of these volunteer troops. Never before nor 
since was a regiment officei'ed like it in this State, viz : 

Colonel Charles Jarvis, of Ellsworth, acting land agent. 

William P. Parrott, of Bangor, aide-de-camp to Colonel Jarvis. 

Joseph Porter, of Lowell, colonel commanding. 

Joshua Chamberlain, Jr., of Brewer, lieutenant-colonel commanding. 

John Dunning, of Charleston, major commanding. 

Henry W. Cunningham, of Swanville, adjutant. 

Daniel Chase, of Atkinson, quartermaster. 

Luther Turner, Jr., Lincoln, artillery captain. 

Benjamin Drew, Dexter, artillery lieutenant. 

D. L. Buzzell, Dexter, artillery lieutenant. 

William Cross, Milo, artillery captain. 

Ward Witham, Bangor, infantry captain. 

Rollins, Bangor, infantry lieutenant. 

George W. Towle, Lincoln, rifles captain. 
Thomas H. Chase, Lincoln, rifles lieutenant. 
Alpheus Coburn, Lincoln, rifles lieutenant. 
Jedediah Judkins, Lincoln, rifles lieutenant. 
Stover Rines, Orono, infantry captain. 
Thomas Hunt, Orono, infantry lieutenant. 



WAYFARER'S NOTES 143 



Samuel Burr, Brewer, infantry lieutenant. 

Lorenzo D. Butters, Exeter, infantry captain. 

Horace Butters, Exeter, infantry lieutenant. 

Ansel J. Wood, Stetson, infantry lieutenant. 

Calvin S. Douty, Sangerville, infantry captain. 

Charles Robinson, Dover, infantry lieutenant. 

Luther Chamberlain, Foxcroft, infantry lieutenant. 

Thomas Bartlett, Jr., Bangor, infantry captain. 

Simon Burnet, Hermon, infantry lieutenant. 

Harrison M. Crowell, Corinna, infantry lieutenant. 

Henry Williamson, Parkman, infantry lieutenant. 

Jacob Works, Parkman, infantry lieutenant. 

Adams Macombei-, Parkman, infantry lieutenant. 

John Ford, Hallowell, artillery captain. 

Abner True, Hallowell, artillery lieutenant. 

Wallis McKennie, Augusta, artillery lieutenant. 

Charles T. Dunning, Charleston, infantry captain. 

J ere Page, Charleston, infantry lieutenant. 

Daniel Brown, Atkinson, infantry lieutenant. 

Thomas Emery, Hampden, infantry captain. 

S. B. McAllister, Hampden, infantry lieutenant. 

W. S. Booker, Hampden, infantry lieutenant. 

Daniel Billings, Monroe, infantry acting captain. 

Caleb F. Billings, Northport, infantry second lieutenant. 

Alvin Nye. 

Daniel Chase, Atkinson, infantry captain. 

Job Parsons, Dover, infantry lieutenant. 

William Brown, Atkinson, infantry lieutenant. 

Nymphas Turner, Milo, infantry captain. 

Asa Dow, Dover, infantry lieutenant. 

Thomas Furber, Milo, infantry lieutenant. 

Franklin Hussey, China, infantry captain. 

A committee of the Legislature reported in March, 1840, 
that they "find that the total amount of the expenditures on 
account of the Civil posse, together with the continuation of the 
Aroostook road, a service which the land agent after the passage 
of the resolve of March 8th, 1839, authorizing the same — deemed 
judicious to connect with the operations of the posse — is, according 
to the books in the land office, one hundred nineteen thousand, 
two hundred fiftv-three dollars and seventy-six cents." 



144 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



Biguyduce 

Oh, quiet town beside the sparkling bay. 

Its waters fed by Pentagoet's stream, 
The light of Romance shines along your way; 

Your shaded streets and grassy headlands teem 
With stirring memories of a bygone day. 

And past these headlands, seeking fair renown, 
Saxon and Norman may have fared them forth 

To find "a grave beneath the hemlock brown;" 
Their faces turned toward the beckoning North 

That yet might hide fair Norombega Town. 

Piratical D'Aulnay once reigned here. 

Two centuries and somewhat more agone; 
Sailed, glad to see again his fort appear. 

Red-handed from the pillage of St. John, 
And of La Tour's vowed vengeance showed small fear. 

What would the valiant warrior have said 
Could it have been his fortune then to know. 

La Tour's brave lady and himself being dead, 
His widow and his life-long hated foe 

With sacred rites of Mother Church were wed? 

A later romance comes your lore within. 
Of dusky princess and of high born knight— 

A white alone mid men of darker skin; 
And round their fire we see in Fancy's light 

Castin the Younger and his Indian kin. 

A fleet of birch canoes once crossed the bay, 

Their painted warriors making glad return 
From savage butchery and bloody fray; 

And English Falmouth, many leagues astern, 
A shapeless mass of smoking ruins lay. 

The savage warcry and the joyous feast 

Alike have vanished with the days gone by; 
The wigwam fires' slender smokes have ceased. 

Alike have struggled for the mastery, 
Dutch, French, and English, Puritan and priest. 

Twice by the British Lion held a prey, 

Oh, quiet town by Pentagoet's shore. 
Your streets have been: the waters of your bay 

Have echoed seaman's shout and cannon's roar. 
Two flags have waved in turn in sunset's ray. 

Now lulled to sleep by broad Atlantic's tides 

Or fretted by its storms, the ancient town 
The scars of years by Nature's magic hides; 

And over sea and shore brooding down. 
Deep peace, well earned, in calm or storm abides. 

Mabel L. True. 
Foxcroft, Maine. 



Sprague's Journal of Maine History 

PUBLISHED QUARTERLY 
Vol. I OCTOBER, 1913 No. 4 

JOHN FRANCIS SPRAGUE, Dover, Maine, Editor and Publisher, to whom all com- 
munications should be addressed. 

Application made for entry as second class matter, at the post office at Dover, Maine. 

TERMS: For all numbers issued during: tlie year, including: an index and all special is- 
sues, $1.00. Single copies, 25 cents. Bound volumes, containing- all of the issues for one year, 
$1.50. Postage prepaid. 

" IVe must look a little into that process of nation-makiiig 
which has beeii going on since prehistoric ages and is going 
on here among us to-day, and Jrom the recorded experience 
of men in times long past zve may gather lessons of infinite 
valtie for ourselves and for our children' s children.'' 

— John Fiske. 



Along the Old Savage Road 

When Monson, Maine, was first settled in the early part of 
the nineteenth century a highway was built from Monson to the 
town of Greenville. 

Its terminus in Greenville was at what is known as the "East 
Road" in the Young neighborhood, about one and one-half miles 
from the shore of Moosehead Lake. 

This road was laid through the central portion of a plantation 
known as Fullerstown, deriving its name from H. W. Fuller, a 
prominent citizen of Augusta, who purchased three thousand acres 
of land of the Massachusetts Medical Society and employed 
Alexander Greenwood to lot it out into one-hundred-acre ftirm lots. 
In 1824, Eben and DaAid Marble purchased what was known as the 
Whitney tract in this plantation and commenced to clear up farms 
at what has for a long time been known as Shirley Corner. 

In the same year Nelson Savage made a clearing on the Little 
Wilson River in the same township, built mills and erected other 
buildings, and soon Savage's Mills was quite a busy place. Nelson 
Savage was also storekeeper, postmaster and ran a tavern as well. 
Among the settlers there was the late Clark Carter, who subse- 
quently moved to the town of Shirle}'. Others who resided near 
the mills and along the Savage Road in Wilson and in the north 
part of ^Nlonson were James Savage, a brother of Nelson, Timothy 



146 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Packard, some families by the name of Jacobs, a McLanathan 
family and numerous others of whom there is now no history and 
whose record has entirely faded out. 

In 1836, Fullerstown was incorporated by an act of the Legis- 
lature as the town of Wilson, but the settlement did not expand as 
its promoters had anticipated and twelve years later at the session 
of 1848 the Legislature passed an act dismembering the town and 
annexing parts of it to the towns of Shirley, Greenville and 
Elhottsville. 

In those days the people appeared to ha\e a penchant for 
building roads over the highest pinnacles of land, and this senti- 
ment seemed to have predominated in Monson, and one of the 
steepest hills in town. Doughty Hill, was unwisely selected for the 
main traveled way to Moosehead Lake and the Savage Road was 
abandoned. 

The building of a road over Doughty Hill was the last and 
fatal blow to the struggling hamlet along the Savage Road and by 
the banks of the picturesque Little Wilson River. 



Monson now maintains a short piece of this old road as far as 
the Chandler Watson farm. 

From there on is only the outline of the old Savage Road 
traveled only by the wild beasts, hunters for game and visiting 
sportsmen, for during the past fifty years a dense wilderness has 
grown up where once the hum of industry and toil was heard. 

The huntsman and sportsman who now follow the old trails in 
that vicinity are startled by beholding strange signs of a former 
life in the midst of a wilderness. Among great spruce trees he 
sees old gravestones, weather-beaten and stained, but which tell of 
the sacred spot where loved ones were laid to rest, over whose 
remains the winds from the mountains now shriek their wild 
requiems among the branches of poplars and birches. 

He views with amazement the ruins and decaying remains of 
homes once the scenes of activity and which once knew all the joys, 
sorrows, hoj^es, fears and the strife and friction of human life, 
hidden in the shadows of a dark forest. 

The town has vanished from off the earth and no one remains 
to tell the story of its struggles, its triumphs, its defeats, the 



ALONG THE OLD SAVAGE ROAD 147 

prattling of its children, the valor of its men or the love of its 
women. 

There you see some strvigi«lini;- apple trees curiously inter- 
grown with the forestry, and near by are the fragments of a cellar 
wall by the side of a little brook dancing its wa}' to the river and 
murmuring its song as it did when man's abode was there. 

You see the remains of an old time tire-place and a chimney 
yet standing. 

Had these silent old landmarks of a half century ago the 
power of speech, what secrets might they not inifold, what bright 
and dreary shadows of life, what delights and heartaches might 
thev not reveal ! 



Statement of the Ownership, Management, circulation, etc., 
of Sprague's Journal of Maine History published quarterly at Dover, 
Maine, required by the Act of August 24, 1912. 

Note. — This statement is to be made in duplicate, both copies to be 
delivered by the publisher to the postmaster, who will send one copy to the 
Third Assistant Postmaster General (Division of Classification), Washing- 
ton, D. C, and retain the other in the files of the post ofliice. 

NAME OF POST-OFFICE ADDRESS. 

Editor, John F. Sprague, Dover, Maine. 

Managing Editor, John F. Sprague, Dover, Maine. 

Business Managers, John F. Sprague, Dover, Maine. 

Publisher, John F. Sprague, Dovei% Maine. 

Owners: (If a corporation, give names and addresses of stockholders hold- 
ing 1 per cent or more of total amount of stock.) 
John F. Sprague, Dover, Maine, 

Known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders, holding 1 
per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities: 

NONE. 
Average number of copies of each issue of this publication sold or dis- 
tributed, through the mails or otherwise, to paid subscribers during the 
six months preceding the date of this statement, (This information is 
required from daily newspapers only.) 

John F. Sprague. 

Sworn to and subscribed before me this eighteenth day of July, 1913. 

Edgar C. Smith, 
Justice of the Peace. 
My commission expires August 16, 1918. 



148 SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Notes on Judge Jonathan Sayward of York, 

Maine 

By Frank D. Marshall 

Judge Jonathan Sayward of York, Maine, was Judge of 
Probate and Judge of the Court of Connnon Pleas up to the time 
of the outl)reak of the Revolution, at which time his commission 
was revoked by the Provincial Congress. He was a man of consid- 
erable means ; and was largely interested in shipping, both with 
the West Indies and with Halifax, and during the early years of 
the Revolution his diary discloses that he had one ship tied up in 
London. His diary, kept from 1761 until his death in 1792, 
shows him to have been a conservative and straightforward man ; 
a gentleman whose house was open, and who fittingly entertained 
many of the distinguished men of the day. Previous to the Revo- 
lution his business correspondents in Boston were the Hancocks, 
both father and son. He was a personal friend of Sir William 
Pepperill and Colonel Sparhawk, and especially during his latter 
years, of Judge David Sewall, his fellow townsman ; also of the 
Reverend Isaac Lyman, minister of the old First Parish in York, 
and who was grandfather or greatgrandfather of President Eliot. 
The Judge was a Deacon of this church. 

On the evening of the 20th of April, 1775, news of the Battle 
of Lexington reached York ; next morning a company of sixty- 
four men, armed and equipped, under Captain Johnson Moulton 
started for Lexington, the first troops to leave the State of Maine. 
The same morning an open meeting was assembled to take action 
in furtherance of the cause of liberty. The records of this town 
meeting disclose that Judge Sayward was waited upon by a com- 
mittee appointed in open meeting to learn his sentiments, and to 
ascertain what letters he was reported to have received from 
Governor Hutchinson of Massachvisetts, former Royal Governor ; 
it being reported, as the record reads, that he was not in full and 
hearty accord with the sentiments of the people in this dark and 
direful day "but rather was inclined to the contrary." Thereup- 
on Judge Sayward came into the meeting "and made a speech 
which was declared satisfactory." It is evident from an examina- 



NOTES ON JUDGE JONATHAN SAYWARl) 149 

tion of Judge Sayward's diarv that in the turbulent times that 
followed the outbreak of hostilities some of the townspeople were 
hot-headed, and inclined ho make trouble for those citizens who 
from natural conservatism or important business connections, such 
as the Judge, were slower to absolve allegiance to the Crt)wn and 
take an irrevokable step to open rebellion. On May 18 of the 
same year he wi'ites, "Provincial Congress Resolutions are looked 
on equal the laws of a kingdom and superior to our own ; when and 
where these things will end God only knows the juditious are 
entirely neglected. Hot men and fiery counsels are the only men 
and measures approved." The record does not disclose that Judge 
Sayward took any part in public affairs during the succeeding six 
years. Until near the end of the "unhappy contest between this 
and the mother country," he doubted the outcome of it, but 
apparently held the respect of the community, and at the close of 
the war entered more fully into the actiA'ities of the community. 
We find that in 1791 the French Consul and Judge Sullivan were 
his guests, and on the next day President Langdon and others 
dined, "More good company." A few days later it is recorded : 
"Doctor Bullman's widow died." Doctor Bullman was the young 
surgeon of the Maine Regiment in the expedition against Louis- 
bvirg and died at Louisburg from fever. On May 14th, 1792, is 
this entr}' in Judge Sayward's diary: "Widow of John Littlefield 
of Wells died this week aged about 90 year — She was originally of 
this town, daughter of Coll Harmon — her first husband was 
Richard Jacques who kill^ the Jesuit Rally at Norregewock in 
1724, her next was Elder Mayberry of York, her third her third 
Capt. John Littlefield of Wells." 

About this time General Knox was entertained by the Judge, 
and the Judge in his diary speaks very highly of him. 

The house in which Judge Sayward lived stands on the banks 
of York River. It was built about 1732 and is today in a fine 
state of preservation with many of its colonial furnishings. It has 
always remained in the family, and is now the summer residence of 
Doctor Leonard Wheeler of Worcester. 

The following is an extract from Judge Sayward's diary : 

1789. 

Oct. 31st, This week hath been filled with tumultion Rejoicings and Shows 



150 SPRAGITE'S JOURNAL OF MALNE HISTORY 



at Boston and Salem, and Newberry and Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on 
account of President Washington visiting the Sd places where 280 horses 
and a vast Crowd of Persons of all Sizes and Sexes came to see him whom 
they call the Saviour of America at Portsmouth he came in on a large white 
horse. I have since understood that he attended church in the forenoon 
and Mr. Buckminsters in the afternoon when he addressed the President in 
an elegant and politic strain and couched thus — as we have been admiring 
the Saviour of our Country let us now turn to the Saviour of the world he 
preached from those words of David. ; : Lift up the Everlasting door 
for the King of Glory is come. 

7th. Widow Hagee died aged 82 one of the poor of this town. 

9th. Made an agreeable visit to Doctor Keatings and dined Mr. 
Lyman and family. Mr. Emerson, my wife and self dined with them. 



Joseph Ellery Foxcroft, the Original Proprietor 
of the Town of Foxcroft, Maine 

Read before the Piscata(|uis Historical Society by Judge Charles 

W. Hayes 

J o s e 1^ h Ellery 
Foxcroft is a descendant 
in the sixth generation 
from Daniel P'oxcroft, 
who was })orn in Eng- 
land, and was mayor of 
Leeds in the year of 
our Lord 1666. Daniel 
Foxcroft was a descend- 
ant of Robert Foxcroft, 
a resident of Foxcroft 
Shire in LS27, during 
the reign of King Ed- 
ward HL Francis, son 
of Daniel, born Novem- 
ber 13, 1657, settled in 
Boston, Massachusetts, 
as a merchant, and mar- 
ried October 3, 1682, 
Elizabetli, daughter of 
Judge and Deputy-Gov- 
ernor Thomas Danforth of Cambridge, Massachusetts. He held a 




JOSEPH ELLERY FOXCROFI 151 

coloners commission, and was judge of probate. He removed to 
Cambridge, where he died December 31, 1727. He was pious and 
of the faith of the Church of England. 

Francis Foxcroft left nine children, one of whom was Thomas, 
Harvard College, 1714, who for many years was a distinguished 
and worthy preacher, pastor of the First Congregational Church in 
Boston. The ancestral line of the Foxcroft family, stretching 
back unbroken to 1327, is dotted all the Avay down with pious and 
worthy names, names known and honored by England's Kings and 
England's people before the continent of America was feirly dis- 
covered. 

Thomas Foxcroft mai'ried Anna Cony, a sister of the wife of 
his brother, Judge Francis Foxcroft. They were daughters of 
John Cony, a goldsmith of Boston. Reverend Thomas Foxcroft 
and wife, Anna, were the parents of the Reverend Samuel Foxcroft, 
first minister of New Gloucester. 

According to the records, in 1764, the proprietors of what is 
now the town of New Gloucester gave a call to the Reverend 
Samuel Foxcroft, a graduate of Harvard College, and son of the 
Reverend Thomas Foxcroft, then pastor of the Chauncy Street 
Church in Boston, and settled upon him a salary of eighty pounds, 
and a settlement of one hundred pounds, "to be paid in boards, 
clapboards, shingles, and other things suitable for his buildings." 
When the town of New Gloucester was organized, it assumed the 
support, by taxation, of the Reverend Samuel Foxcroft, who, by 
the old town records, was "an able, learned, orthodox minister of 
good conversation, to dispense the word of God to them." He 
erected in 1765 quite a commodious residence which is now stand- 
ing and in a good state of preservation. It is the oldest house in 
New Gloucester. 

On March 1, 1770, he married Lucy, daughter of Captain 
William and Elizabeth Allen Ellery of New Gloucester. She died 
March 25, 1783, soon after the birth of her youngest child. Of 
this union were born six children, the second being the subject of 
this sketch, Joseph Ellery Foxcroft. 

Joseph Ellery Foxcroft was born Marcii 10, 1773, married 
May 3, 1801, to Hannah, daughter of Benjamin Stone of Bruns- 
wick. Colonel Foxcroft, as soon as he reached his majority. 



152 SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

became a leading spirit in New Gloucester, In militar}' and 
political affairs he was foremost. He was a merchant by trade, 
erecting a store near the Foxcroft mansion, where he carried on an 
extensive business with people for miles around. In 1800 we find 
him over-marching the ordinary bounds of business and exploring a 
township of land in the wilderness, his only access to it being on 
foot, and finding his way by compass and spotted trees. 

The township was number 5, R. 7, North of the Waldo Patent. 
It was run out by Samuel and Stephen Weston of Skowhegan, 
in 1794, and contained seventeen thousand, nine hundred and fifteen 
acres, and was one of the five townships of land given Bowdoin 
College at the time of its incorporation. Having explored the 
township in company with one Thomas Johnson of New Gloucester, 
on January 22, 1801, Colonel Foxcroft bought it of William 
Martin, Reverend Elijah Kellogg and Isaac Parker, all of Portland, 
a committee of the college, for seven thousand, nine hundred and 
forty dollars, or about fortj'-five cents per acre. The college 
imposed as a condition, the settlement of twenty-four families 
within a given period. By his efficiency and good management 
the families were secured and the township became his. He con- 
tinued to promote the settlement of the town, built mills and 
roads, and for many years visited and encouraged the settlers in 
every way, selling them land on favorable terms. His lands 
remaining unsold up to 1827, were sold at auction July 4, 1827. 

The population increasing, the settlers sought incorporation, 
and, not because he was chief owner, but because of the esteem in 
which the inhabitants held him, they petitioned that the town 
should bear his name. 

Though not a professed disciple of the Saviour, yet the early 
inhabitants of the town were incited and encouraged by him to 
meet together for religious worship on the Sabbath, and hymn and 
sermon books were presented by him for their use. Without a 
doubt, to his example and influence, the early establishment of the 
institutions of religion in Foxcroft may be greatly traced. He 
voluntarily in accordance with the reservations in his deed, set 
apart three lots of land, one for the first minister, one for the min- 
istry, and one for the schools. In Penobscot County records. 
Volume IV, page 47, may be found the following deed recoi'ded : 



JOSEPH ELLERY FOXCROFT 153 

Whereas the town of Foxcroft has taken that name with- 
out the solicitation or wish of, but as it is understood, in compliment to the 
Grantor hereafter mentioned 1, Joseph Ellery Foxcroft, in con- 
sideration aforesaid and of one dollar to me paid, grant to the inhabitants 
of Foxcroft, for the use of schools forever. Lot No. 6, R. 5, containing one 

hundred acres, more or less. Provided, nevertheless, and it is hereby 

understood that if the inhabitants or their successors should hereafter take, 
or have imposed upon them any other corporate name than the present, 
then this deed is to be void. 

Joseph E. Foxcroft. 
Jan. 1, 1816. 

In 1806, Colonel Foxcroft was appointed postmaster of New 
Gloucester, which office he held until 1841. In 1807, he was 
chosen to represent his native town in ^-eneral court at Boston, 
whirh duty he performed so creditably to himself and his con- 
stituents, that, for the last six years of Maine's provincial connec- 
tion with Massachusetts, he was re-elected without intermission. 
When Maine became an independent State, he was chosen a 
member of the convention for drafting the constitution and laying 
the foundation of its laws and body politic. While serving as a 
member of the Maine Constitutional Convention, he was a member 
of the committee on the constitution and was also a member of the 
committee on blank forms and returns of votes. In 1821 he was 
appointed high sheriff of Cumberland County, which office he held 
with honor and for a longer period than any other man has ever 
done. He was in this office in 1825, when General Lafayette was 
welcomed to the State, in which event Colonel Foxcroft was a fore- 
most spirit. He was a contemporary and close friend of Governors 
King, Parris, Lincoln, Hunton, Kent and Fairfield, and of Senators 
Holmes, Chandler, Shapley, Dana, Ruel, Williams and Sprague. 
He was a member of the Massachusetts State Militia, and received 
his commission as colonel, April 23, 1811. The following was 
obtained from the Adjutant General's office, in Boston, Massa- 
chusetts : 

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN. 

Boston, March 27, 1911. 
This is to certify that the following is a true extract of the Roster of 
Officers of the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, relating to Joseph Ellery 
Foxcroft, on file in this office. 

Joseph Ellery Foxcroft of New Gloucester, (Maine) was commissioned 
Ensign in Fourth Regiment, Second Brigade, Sixth Division, August 28, 
1797. Promoted and commissioned Lieutenant, October 18, 1798. Pro- 



154 SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



moted and commissioned Captain, June 20, 1804. Promoted and commis- 
sioned Major May 7, 1808. (Transferred to First Regiment, First Brigade, 
Twelfth Division.) Promoted and commissioned Lieutenant Colonel Com- 
mandant April 23, 1811. 

Rendered service in the War of 1812-14 at Portland, upon the call of 
the Governor to suppress a threatened invasion in 1814, from September 
10th to September 24th, 1814. Honorably discharged April 22, 1815. 

WILLIAM S. SIMMONS, 
Lieutenant Colonel, 
Adjutant General. 

Colonel Foxcroft early became a Free Mason, beinj^ one of 
the founders of the Grand Lodge of Maine. He was also repeatedly 
chosen a member of the State senate. From youth till old age 
he was constantly filling offices of trust, and seemed to guard the 
interests of his town as if they had been his own personal con- 
cern. It is only the truth to say that, whether a young man 
engaged in rescuing primeval wilderness from the dominion of the 
lords of the forest, and peopling them with the abodes of civiliza- 
tion and Christianity, or filling one of the first offices in the county, 
or legislating for the interests of his native town in the mother 
state, or, after Maine had become a state, laying the foundations 
of her laws and policy, or still later sitting among her senators, we 
find him discharging all those duties with assiduity and faithfulness, 
and filling all those offices without reproach. 

In the latter part of his life he became much interested in 
religion and church affairs, and was for several years a member of 
the Congregational Church of New Gloucester, and a liberal 
.supporter of the same. 

Colonel Foxcroft carried ou his farm in New Gloucester as 
long as he lived, keeping hired help. He was always dressed in 
broadcloth, with white choker and tall hat and did not look as if 
he ever did any manual labor. He rode in a two-horse chaise, 
and had a covered sleigh, the only one owned in town at that time. 
His was the only aristocratic family in town, yet his hired help was 
always invited to the table with him. He was not, so far as I can 
learn, a college educated man, Init was educated in the common 
schools at New Gloucester. He is described by an old gentleman, 
a resident of New Gloucester, as — "The most dignified, gentle, 
courteous man I ever met, straight as an arrow, very tall, and as a 



JOSEPH ELLERY FOXCROFT 155 

colonel was one of the finest mounted and appearing officers ever 
seen in these parts. ' ' 

It is further said of him that as a man he was honest, upright 
and truthful, genial and courteous, ever bearing about him a halo 
of jo3'ousness that reflected the sunshine of a happy disposition 
wherever he went. As a neighbor he was kind and o})liging, even 
to a fault, as a citizen he was public-spirited, charitable and benev- 
olent; as a husband and father he was faithful, constant, kind and 
affectionate. 

Colonel Foxcroft died in New Gloucester, September 1, 1852. 
His funeral was held at his old home, the house in which he was 
born and in which he had always lived. Reverend Horatio Merrill 
officiating, and he was laid to rest with his ancestors in the family 
tomb at New Gloucester. 

Colonel Foxcroft's first wife died in 1806 and he married 
November 9, 1809, Abigail Hammond of Boston, who died in 
1855. 

Three children were born to Colonel Foxcroft by his first wife, 
Samuel, Hannah, and Joseph Ellery, Jr., who died in infancy, and 
one by his second wife, Abigail Catherine Mary. Hannah married 
Samuel E. Crocker whose son, Samuel R. Crocker, established the 
Literary World of Boston. The only descendants of Colonel 
Foxcroft now living are the children of Samuel Crocker, and the 
two children of Abbie Crocker Murray, now living in Canada, and 
the son and daughter of Abbie Foxcroft Merrill, now living in 
California, and who had her marriage ceremony performed in 
Foxcroft in honor of the Colonel's founding of the town. 

Among the strong families of New England, the Foxcroft 
family was easily in the front rank. It was not wealth only, but 
culture, wide acquaintance, rich experience, clear judgment and 
farseeing sagacity, which made them foremost in an excellent sense 
of the word. 

For the material for the above sketch I am indebted to the 
History of Cumberland County, some clippings from the Lewiston 
Journal of March 20, 1909, and to the kindness of the Reverend 
E. B. Foster, formerly of this town, now of New Gloucester, who 
lives in the parsonage directly opposite the old Foxcroft home, 



156 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

also our president, Honorable John F. Sprague, who has furnished 
me some valuable data. 

The following are the children of the Rev. Samuel Foxcroft: 

I. Elizabeth, b. May 27, 1771, married Nov. 16, 1794, Shubal Marsh. 

He was born in Hingham, Oct. 6, 1766, and died Sept. 5, 1859. She died 

Nov. 17, 1857. 

Their children were as follows: Thomas F., Shubal, Samuel, John, 

Elizabeth, Hannah, Joseph, Abigail and Joseph Ellery. 

II. Joseph Ellery, b. March 13, 1773, of whom more further on. 

III. Martha, b. Feb. 12, 1775; died unmarried. 

IV. Sarah, b. April 9, 1779; married Benjamin H. Mace, a physician. 
V. Lucy, b. June 21, 1779; married Joseph Thrasher. 

She died March 3, 1815, the mother of several children. 
VI. Abigail, b. March 21, 1783; died June 28, 1809. 
The children of Joseph Ellery Foxcroft were: 
I. Samuel, b. Aug. 1, 1802. 
II. Hannah, b. June 19, 1804. Married May 19, 1829, Samuel Eastman 
Crocker of Portland. He was born in Conway, N. H., March 9, 
1802. Their children were: 
Abby Hammond, b. Sept. 1, 1832. Died May 9, 1866. Joseph F., b. Dec. 
9, 1834. Died Nov. 20, 1854. Samuel Holland, b. Jan. 17, 1837. Hannah 
Stone, second, b. June 4, 1841. Died Oct. 4, 1842. Mrs. Crocker, the 
mother, died at her father's home. New Gloucester, Aug. 4, 1842. 

III. Joseph Ellery, Jr., b. Dec. 11, 1805. Died in infancy. 

IV. Abigail Catherine Mary, b. July 23, 1812, by wife Abigail 

Hammond. She died unmarried. 

Samuel Foxcroft married in 1854, Salome, daughter of Caleb 
and Judith Haskell. She was born April 7, 1812, and died in 
Pomona, California, January 6, 1906. Mr. Samuel Foxcroft died 
in New Gloucester, August 8, 1882. Their only child was Abby 
Stone Foxcroft, born December 16, 1857, who married August 1, 
1883, Frank H. Merrill in the town of Foxcroft. She died in 
Pomona, California, April 5, 1896, leaving two children, Joseph 
Foxcroft Merrill, born June 2, 1884, and Louise Foxcroft Merrill, 
born September 13, 1888. 



The Bangor Daily News in a recent appreciative editorial 
notice of the Joiuxal kindly said of us: "It comes full to the brim 
with quaint, fanciful and accurate information, such as should be 
in the school libraries and homes of Maine."* 



THE LEXINGTON OF THE SEAS 157 

The Lexington of the Seas 

By .loliii Francis Sprague 
(Published by permission of the Journal of American History.) 

On the nineteenth day of April, 1775, the intrepid farmers 
of I^exington fired the "shot heard around the world," and on the 
twelfth day of June, five days before the Battle of Bunker Hill, a 
sturdy Irishman on the easterly shore of the Province of Maine, 
with a handful of brave lumbermen, river-drivers, farmers, and 
sailors, their hearts burning with the same flame of patriotism, 
successfully fought the first naval battle of the American Revolu- 
tion, captured the first British war vessel, was the first to haul 
down the British flag and bring to death the first of her captains 
of the sea in that great conflict for human rights. 

As early as 1633 the English, perceiving that it would be of 
commercial importance for them to have possessions east of the 
Penobscot River, established a trading post on the westerly shore 
of Machias River '^ near where it empties into Machias Bay, and 
about where the village is now situated. 

Claude de la Tour and his son Charles were pi-ominent figures 
in the histor}' of Acadia and New England in the seventeenth 
century. 

This settlement had existed but a few months, when Charles 
de la Tour, then the French Commandant at Port Royal, regard- 
ing it as a trespass upon territory to which he held title, sent 
soldiers there who captured it and laid it to waste. 

After La Tour's devastation of the place, no further attempts 

were made to hold it as a trading and military post by either the 

French or English for about one hundred and twenty years, except 

one feeble mo\e made by the French in 1664, which proved a 

failure. 

In 1688 Governor Aiidros took measures to ascertain the 

number of inhabitants between the Penobscot and the St Croix, 

and the entire number at Machias, all French settlers, was only 

nine, but these were not allowed to remain there unmolested, for in 

(a) According to Williamson it was formerly Mechisses. 



158 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

1704, the English broke up their habitations and drove them 
away. 

In the summer of 1T62 Isaiah Foster and Isaac Labree, hav- 
ing knowledge that there were extensive marshes of wild swail ha}^ 
along the Machias River, went there with vessels for the purpose 
of cutting and transporting hay to their homes in Scarboro, in the 
Province of Maine. 

While there they made an exploration of the countr}', and 
finding a large belt of valuable pine timber, through which were 
flowing rivers and streams leading to the bay, they decided that 
sawmills could be built, and an advantageous lumber trade with 
Boston engaged in. 

The result was the begiiuiing of the settlement of Machias the 
following year, and when Morris O'Brien went there from Scarboro 
with his six sons in 1765, and built sawmills, there were already 
about eighty inhabitants. 

The occupations of these early settlers were generall}' laboring 
in the woods, on the drives and in the mills, and aboard the sloops 
and schooners, which freighted their lumber, shaved shingles, 
beaver skins, and other peltry to the Boston market, and returned 
with cargoes of provisions, merchandise, West India goods, and 
New England rum. 

They lived quiet and peaceful lives, and their habits were 
simple and frugal. It is doubtful if there was in the entire domain 
of the Massachusetts Colony a community that would naturally 
have less incentive to go to war than this one. So far as known, 
only two of their number, Morris O'Brien and Benjamin Foster, 
had ever served in any army of the Colonial wars, these two having 
been at the Siege of Louisburg under General Pepperell.^ 

Eastern Maine was then a vast, primeval wilderness, practically 
undisturbed by man's activities, and this little village was not 
connected with the outside world by highways, other than Indian 
trails, and had no way of communication with the inhabitants of 
their own Province or the Colonies, except over the trackless ocean. 

Farming did not in the first instance receive great attention, 
as the men attended more to avocations arising from the logging 



(a) Maine at Louisburg, by Rev. Henry S. Burrage, D. D. (1910), pp. 
52-133. 



THE LEXINGTON OF THE SEAS 159 

and lumberinf]f business, depending largely upon the Boston market 
for all kinds of food supplies. 

But artisans and others went there, among whom was*' 
Wooden Foster, the blacksmith, who, regardless of his christian 
name, was to hammer out on his anvil crude forks for pitching hay 
and grain, w^hich were fated to be later used as ciuite powerful 
weapons against British marines. 

Then from Kittery came John Underwood,'^ who engaged in 
trade. 

Eike all New England villages of that day, among the first 
buildings erected was a tavern and a house of worship. The meet- 
ing-house was a crude structure, long and narrow, an entrance at 
one end and a rude pulpit at the other end. 

In 1772, they settled a minister, the Reverend James L3^on, '^ 
who, three years later, became chairman of the Machias Connnittee 
of Correspondence witli the Colonial Government at Boston. 

Thus was begun a connnunity, whose citizens a few years later 
were to write a page in their country's history inscribed with deeds 
of heroism and valor. 

One, whose name will be fore\er interwoven with the story of 
that stirring event, was Captain Ichabod Jones. In 1765 he was a 
shipmaster and a person of some means, living in Boston. During 
that smnmer, he made a trip in a schooner eastward, for both pleas- 
ure and profit, stopping at Mount Desei't. While in that port, 
he learned for the first time of the Machias settlement and went 
immediately there, where he disposed of his cargo of goods to good 
advantage, loaded his vessel with lumber, and returned to lioston. 

He made other voyages from Boston to Machias, and subse- 
quently entered into a partnership witii Benjamin Foster, and others, 
to build a mill for sawing lumber. This mill was on the west bank 
of the East Machias River. He, or the partnership, also ran a 
store in connection with the mill business, and all of the time he 
was in command of one or two vessels, engaged in the lumber trade 
between Machias and Boston. 

(a) Smith's Centennial Sketch of Machias. 

(b) The Capture of the Margaretta by Geo. F. Talbot, Maine Histori- 
cal Collections, Vol. 2, p. 5. 

(c) Baxter Manuscripts, Vol. 14, p. 172, 



160 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

He continued to do an increasing and thrifty business along 
these lines until 1774, when the English Parliament passed what is 
known in history as the "Boston Port Rill,'" which Mas an enact- 
ment that no more merchandise of any kind should be landed at or 
shipped from the wharves of Boston. 

King George evidently labored under the delusion that the 
feeling of resistance to his tyranny was confined to the people of 
Boston, and that to crush it he had only to obstruct and demoralize 
their commerce. 

Later on, he and his ministry learned that this was a stupid 
error, but not until after the history of the world had been 
changed. 

This condition at the port of Boston necessarily interrupted 
Captain Jones' trade. 

The spring of 1775 found him at Machias engaged in loading 
his two sloops, the Unity and the Polly, with lumber ; but giving 
Captain Horton of the Polly orders to touch at Cape Ann and 
Salem for a market, and, failing there, to proceed to some port in 
Connecticut. 

But, on arriving at Salem, Captain Horton found the whole 
coast in an uproar, and the inhabitants generally, especially in the 
large towns, in dire distress, and ready for almost anything except 
trade in lumber. 

Captain Horton put into the port of Boston, where he met 
Captain Jones. These two then concluded to return at once to 
Machias with their families, their own household goods, and also a 
{juantity of merchandise for the people there, who had become in a 
great measure destitute, by reason of the unsettled state of business 
during the past year. 

At this juncture, Captain Jones was in i-ather a troublesome 
cpiandary. He realized the necessity of carrying supplies to 
Machias, and he had a great desire to take his family there as well. 

He also feared the ire of the Machias patriots when they 
should discover him in their port under the protection of the 
English flag, for, in order to leave the harbor, he was obliged to 
have a permit from Admiral Graves. 

This permit would be granted only upon condition that he 
return from Machias to Boston with lumber which the British 



THE LEXINGTON OF THE SEAS UJl 

desired to purchase for barracks for troops, and he must also 
submit to making the triji under the protection of an armed 
schooner, the Margardta. She was a cutter of about one hundred 
tons, carrying forty men, commanded by Midshipman Moore, and 
also equipped with four four-pounders, in the holds, several swivels 
mounted, and a "sufficient number of hand grenades" besides 
muskets, pistols, etc. '' The object of this supervision of the cruise 
by the Mcu-garctta was not only to see to it that Ca|)tain .Jones 
carried out his agreement to return to Boston with the sloops laden 
with lumber, but also to protect him from trouble with the 
Machias people, if any should arise. 

Most historians have assumed, and for what reason is not 
entirelv clear, that Jones was a Loyalist, but evidence of this 
seems to be more traditional than otherwise. 

At anv rate before he left Boston he fortified himself with 
further protection, so far as Machias was concerned, by obtaining 
a certificate from the selectmen of Boston, requesting the people 
there to permit him to return to Boston, as there were other dis- 
tressed inhabitants who also desired to be transported to Machias. 

It is a matter of some doubt whether the Boston authorities 
had any knowledge of the Captain's agreement with the British 
authorities to furnish them with lumber, or, on the other hand, 
whether the Admiral realized that he was in league with the 
selectmen to do them favors in consideration of their certificate of 
protection. 

If he dissembled with the two opposing forces, as seems quite 
probable, the troubles which such deception brought down upon 
his head were sufficient punishment for the wrong doing. 

Be that as it may, however, the two sloops convoyed by the 
armed Margaretta, flying the British flag, sailed into Machias 
Harbor June 2, 1775.'' 

A lumbering community labors with much energy at certain 
seasons, but at other times there is enforced idleness. At this 
time the drives of logs had all come down the rivers and were 
safely in the booms. The small crops of the ftirmers had been 
planted, and the lumbering mills were not running as usual, for 

(a) Williamson. 

(b) Smith's Cen. Sketch, p. 38. 



162 SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



political troubles at Boston had i>aralyzed the lumber trade. 

It was a l)rioht and tranquil June day when the fragrance ot 
broad meadows and pine woods filled the air, and the birds sang 
sweet and joyous notes, and waters of river and sea were still, and 
all nature rejoiced, as nature always does on glorious June days. 

For some time past the inhabitants had been lounging around 
the shores and wharves, waiting and watching for the return of 
Captain Jones' sloops with the much needed provisions. 

On the after- 
noon of that da}' 
practically all of 
the inhabitants 
of this little 
hamlet were 
gathered there, 
some sitting up- 
on fallen pine 
trees, which had 
once stood as 
majestic senti- 
nels along the 
river banks, gazing afar for the welcome sails. 

Just as the sun was receding in the AVestern horizon, and the 
skies were golden, and the waters around were tinted with hues of 
gold, an old sea-faring man, whose anxiety had led him farther 
down towards the bay, shouted, "A sail ! a sail !"' and then all 
was excitement. 

Captain Jones was returning and the stores he was bringing 
would carry joy to every household, and besides they would also 
soon learn how fai-ed their brother patriots in far-awa}- Massa- 
chusetts. 

Their feelings of mingled fear, alarm, and consternation may 
be imagined when they discovered that their friend of the seas, 
whose coming they had for days awaited with anxious hearts, was 
escorted by a British war vessel. Hying the hated liritish Hag. 

At precisely what time the people of Machias were first 
apprised of the Battle of Uexiiigton is not well settled. Williamson 
is silent on this point, but Smith savs : "The news of the battle 




Machias River. 



THE LEXINGTON OF THE SEAS 163 

reached Machias very soon after its occurrence. ' ' Sherman, •'' who 
frequently quotes from Smith's account of it, asserts that "It was 
not man}' days after the engagements at Lexington and Concord 
that the officials of Machias received the Proclamation of the 
Provincial Congress of Massachusetts," informing them of the 
fact. 

Joseph Wheaton, who was a participator in the ca{)ture of the 
M((rg(iriita, in a letter to Gideon O'Brien, under date of April 23, 
1818, says : '^ "Before tlie battle of Concord, April 19, 1775, the 
MargareUa, schooner. Captain Moore, sailed from Boston and 
came to Machias to convoy two sloops owned by Ichabod Jones 
with lumber for Boston, and for the use of the British Govern- 
ment. AVhile those vessels were loading, there came to Machias a 
vessel and brought the news of the battle of Concord, and com- 
municated it to the people on a Saturday evening."' 

According to Drisko:*' "One day in May" a meeting was held 
in the east room of the old Burnham Tavern, at which Morris 
O'Brien and his sons, Benjamin Foster and Josiah Weston were 
among those who were present, when it was decided to call a town 
meeting to see if the inhabitants would vote to raise a liberty pole. 

Presumably this would have occurred immediately upon receiv- 
ing the news. Yet Talbot, who was a very accurate historian, 
apparently believes that their first intelligence of the Battle of 
Lexington came from Captain Horton of the Polly, some time after 
he and Captain Jones arrived with their sloops. "^^ 

It is plain that the discreet Captain Jones fully appreciated 
the difficulties of his situation, and that he faced danger whichever 
horn of the dilemma he might grasp. Naturally the presence of 
the armed vessel aroused the suspicion of the people, and whether 
they had knowledge that the Massachusetts patriots had begun a 
revolution before Captain Horton informed them, or not, they 
certainly knew it then, and the fire of revolt was kindling in their 
breasts. 



(a) Life of Captain Jeremiah O'Brien, by Rev. Andrew M. Sherman 
(1902), p. 271. 

(b) Maine Historical Collection, Series 2, Vol. 2, p. 109. 

(c) Drisko's History of Machias, p. 34. 

(d) The Capture of the Margaretta, by George F. Talbot, p. 2. 



164 ^PRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

His first mo\e to secure the right to reload his vessel and 
engage in his custoniar}^ trade was to exhibit the paper in his 
possession from the selectmen of Boston, and request them to sign 
a written obligation allowing him to proceed with his trade as 
usual, to carry lumber back to Boston, and to protect him and his 
property at all events. '■* 

Although they sadly needed the provisions in the vessels lying 
at their wharxes, they hesitated about doing anything that could 
possibly be construed as a friendly act to the enemy. 

The Captain being extremely cautious, and they wary and 
apprehensive, this attempt at a compromise failed, and then he 
applied to the authorities to call a town meeting to act upon the 
matter. 

This meeting was held the sixth day of June,'^ and there was 
a tull attendance. After a somewhat stormy session, a vote was 
finally passed to allow Captain Jones to sell his goods and load his 
vessels with lumber. 

Exactly what was the primal cause for the battle which ensued 
is somewhat uncertain. Smith appears to regard the reason for it 
as an apprehension by the citizens of Machias that the lumber, 
"then being loaded on Jones' sloops, was intended for the use of 
the British troops"' and a determination on their part that the}' 
should never return to Boston with their cargoes. 

But it must be remembered that these same persons, after due 
deliberation in open town meeting, had voted to permit this to be 
done. No one has ever questioned their integrity, and it is not 
easy to conceive of their passing such a vote and then immediately 
organizing a force to prevent this very agreement from being 
carried out. Neither has an}- writer proven that Captain Jones 
deceived them regarding his intentions as to the disposal of the 
lumber, and, on the contrary, there is no evidence that they had 
actual knowledge, when assembled in town meeting, that it was 
ultimately to go to the British troops, or that they understood the 
full import of the Boston Poi-t Act. 

(To be concluded in the January issue.) 

(a) Baxter Manuscripts, Vol. 14, p. 280. 

(b) Sherman, p. 31. 



VITAL STATISTICS 165 

Vital Statistics 

From the Karly Records of the Town of JNIonson, Maine 
Copy of ( )rl<i;inal Records 
(Continued from page 55.) 

Biuriis. 

John Hendrick, son of John <*t Sarah liaker, was born Ma\ 
19, 1836. 

James B. , son of James ^ C. (). Bell, born February 21, 
1888. A true record, Attest. P. H. Rice, Town Clerk. 

William H., son of James and C. O. Bell, was born October 
9, 1889. A true record. Attest. James Bell, Town Clerk. 

Charlotte Ann, daughter of James and C. O. liell was born 
March 14, 1843. 

Mary Caroline, daughter of James & C. (). Bell, was born 
March 4, 1845. A true record. Attest. J. H. Rice, Town Clerk. 

Deaths, 

William H., son of James & C. O. Bell, died May 28, 1840. 
A true record, Attest. James Bell, Town Clerk. 

Births. 

Charlotte, daughter of James M. & Abigail Barrett, was born 
June 15, 1834. 

James M., son of James M. & Abigail Barrett, was born 
April 15, 1889. A true record, Attest. P. H. Rice, Town Clerk. 

Mary Elzina, daughter of Bradish B. ^ Elzina C. Brown, 
born December 17, 1841. Clare Lenia, born March 81, 1843, 
and Bradish Byron, born Deceml)er 17, 1844, children of Bradish 
B. and Elzina C. Brown. 

Daniel Edward Briggs, son of Daniel, Jr., & Mary Briggs, 
born April 19, 1850. A true record, Attest. J. H. Rice, Town 
Clerk. 

Dkatus. 

Elzina C, wife of Bradish B. Brown, died December 18, 
1846. 



166 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Births. 

Abigail Ingraham, daughter of Elijah & Anne Mathews, born 
December 22, 1829. Jonathan, son of Elijah ^ Ann Mathews, 
born Ma}' 28, 18532. Sarah Mussey, daughter of Elijah & Ann 
Mathews, born May 20, 183-1. George Allen, son of Elijah Si 
Ann Mathews, born April 9, 1836. Edward B., son of Elijah & 
Ann Mathews, born July 23, 1838. A true record. Attest. T. 
S. Pullen, Town Clerk. 

Maria Chapin was born January 9, 18-12 and George Allen, 
born February -1, 1845. Children of Elijah Sc Ann Mathews. 
John H. Rice, Town Clerk. 

Dkaths. 

To the Town Clerk of Monson — 

Pitt C. Murry, died August 6, 1851, a resident of said Monson. 

Monson, Rec'd, Sept 9, 1853. 

Entered and compared with the original by John H. Rice, 
Town Clerk. 

Susanna ^Mathews, wife of Jonathan Mathews, died at Monson, 
Me., April 2-1, 1852. 

Jonathan Mathews died at Monson, Maine, February 8, 1858. 

BiKTIIS. 

Benjamin, son of Benjamin ik Priscilla Collins was born May 
14, 1821. 

Charles, son of Andrew Sz Anne Cushman was born May 7, 
1823. 

Celia, daughter of Calvin & Roxana Colton was born February 
13, 1825. 

Elvira Anne, daughter of Reuben Cushman born January 19, 
1825. 

Solomon Francis, son of Solomon & Harriet Cushman, was 
born Nov. 18, 1826. 

Deaths. 

Justin Colton died Februar}^ 12, 1826. age years. 

(To be continued.) 



NOTES AND FRAGMENTS UJT 

Notes and Fragments 

Samikl J. GiEuxsKY, a native of Dover, Maine, and a brother 
of Honorable Frank E. Guernsey, a Maine Conji^ressman, is now 
residing in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and is one of the officials 
of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 
which is an adjunct of Harvard University. In its last annual 
report President Putnam refers to Mr. Guernsey's work as the 
''Hemenway Assistant in Archjeology'" (page 4) as follows : 

"Mr. S. J. Guernsey in continuation of his arclueological 
researches in the valley of Charles River has discovered several rock 
shelters, and three pits containing caches of stone implements. 
An interesting site on the grounds of the U. S. Arsenal 
was explored by the kind permission of the Commandant. The 
Metropolitan Park Connnissioners also have shown their intei-est in 
these researches by granting permission to explore an Indian rock 
shelter on the park near Newton Lower Falls. There are many old 
Indian sites in the valley and the Museum solicits information of 
anv that may be known or hereafter discovered, that the Indian 
occupation of the valley may be studied and the sites mapped. 
Information is also desired of the location of Indian village sitesj 
shell heaps, or burial places in other parts of the State. Stone 
implements picked up on the surface will be welcome, as they are 
of interest in many ways and often indicate an ancient village site. 
Mr. Guernsey also found and examined three Indian burial places, 
two village sites, and several shell heaps at Martha's Vineyard." 

The same report also acknowledges an addition to its Museum 
of a "Stone Adze from Sebasticook River,*' from Miss Edith 
Morrill Hooper, from Doctor F. G. Speck, "a bone snowshoe 
needle and a bone die for plate and dice game of the Penol)scot 
Indians,'' and from Mr. T. H. Deane, "bones from an Indian 
grave," Prouts Neck, Maine. 



Wk Desire to acknowledge our thanks for the first number of 
"The Maine Catholic Historical Magazine," published under the 
auspices of the Right Reverend Eouis S. Walsh, D. D., Bishop of 
Portland. According to its published preftice or introductory, its 
aim is not only to make record of current events in this Diocese of 



168 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

value and importance to the Church, but also to work along his- 
torical lines relative to its earh' history in Maine, "where the 
Church has a i-ecord of at least and probably more than three 
hundred years. 

The history of the Catholic Church within our domain is 
inseparably intertwined with our own history during the same 
period. Hence, the work of this publication must prove to be a 
valuable contribution to the colonial liistory of iNIaine, and all 
interested in this field of historical literature will bid it a cordial 
welcome. It contains an interesting sketch of the beginning and 
organization of The Maine Catholic Historical Societ}^ which was 
organized at Portland, April 25, 1911 ; an able review of "The 
Catholic Church in Maine ; an article by Elizabeth T. Friel on 
"AVhittier's 'Mogg Megone, " "" and much more of great interest to 
the Student of Maine Historv. 



(From the Historical Department of the Portland, (Maine,) 
Eastern Argus. ) 

Mr. Fred Magoon of Solon has a ^alued souvenir of old 
Revolutionary days in a letter written by his great-grandfather, 
Joshua Bay ley, Jr., a soldier of the Revolution, which reads as 
follows : 

Ever Constant & Loving Wife I with a grate pleasure take 
this orpunity to wright to you to Let you Know I am Well and 
hope thru the Blesings of God this Will Fine you in the Same I 
Have Nothing Very Remarkebell to Wright to You Josiah is Sick 
at Harford and Has been Sick all Winter But Daniel t*<: James is 
Well Si are along with us I am Well tV am in the Carpenter Works 
But have No Prospect of coming home till my time is out But Dont 
Be oneasy For if Life is Spard me I Shall Come home When I am 
once Clear tS: Sooner if Disabel I Wish you AVould wright to me 
more than you due I Have money But I Cant trust to Send it Bv 
any Body that I Can find to Send it By I long to See you X: the 
Child more than the Whole W'orld Besides but I Cant as yet But I 
pi-ay to God that may See the time I Have a Hundred and Fifty 
Dolers Now and I ^Vish you Had it I would AVillingly go Without 
it if I Could Send it Safe it is a Resolve of Cort that it is So much 



NOTES AND FRAGMENTS 1(J9 



fine for any Town that Lets a Soldiers Wife Suffer they are oblij^e 
to ^ive 100 Pieces Lawful money Every year. Uont be Cast down 
Hut keep a good Heart to the End & &c So No more at this time 
Hut I Remain youi- 
Loving ik Constant Husband Till Dcth 

JOSHUA RAYLEY JUNIOR 



Mh. SAAn-Ei, 1). Edes of Foxcroft, Maine, recently presented 
the Journal with copies of the American Advocate, a newspaper 
printed at Hallowell, Maine, under dates of July 31, 1811, 
February 4, 1812, and May 14, 1814. As appears by legal notices 
published in 1811, William Jones was the Judge of Probate and 
Chandler Robbiiis, the Register of Pi-obate for Kennebec County, 
and Hohnan Johnson was a Deputy Sheriff. Amasa Stetson of 
Dorchester advertised "thirty thousand acres of land for sale, to 
settlers only, lying in the District of Maine, between the Kennebec 
and Penobscot rivers, distant from six to twenty miles westwardly 
from Hangor and Hampden."" Among the news items is the fol- 
lowing : 

"The Emperor Napoleon has lately caused to be sent to the 
Gallies, for life, one of his most distinguished Senators, who was 
concerned in a banking house, and also disgraced his brother, one 
of the Emperor's ministers, for attempting to cover a serious fraud 
of the Senator." 

In 1812 Daniel Coney was the Judge of Probate and Sanford 
Kingsbury and Edward Swan were Commissioners to receive and 
examine the claims against the estate of Abraham Lord. Sanford 
Kingsbury was an attorney at Gardiner and the original proprietor 
of the town of Kingsbury,'"' in Piscataquis County. 

The name of Thomas Nickerson of Readfield appears as a 
Deputy Sheriff in 1812. 

On May 9, 1814, Joel Thompson, Dan. Read and Wm. 
Garcelon, selectmen of Lewiston, offei-ed a reward of five hinidred 
dollars for the capture of "some vile incendiar}" or incendiaries, 
who on April 24 set fire to and destroyed the Grist mills and Card- 

(a) Now Kingsbury Plantation. 



170 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

iiift- machines owned by Joseph Little, Esq. & Son, at Lewiston 
Falls." 

William Burdick of Boston, April 80, 1814, announces that 
he "will publish in June The Massachusetts Manuel, or Political 
and Historical Register," to contain 250 pages and to be printed 
at the press of Munroe and Francis. 

Jacob Abbot, Jr., of Hallowell ad\ei-tises for sale "the Store 
in Augusta now occupied by Soule & Thurlo. " 

The postmaster of Augusta in 1814 was J. S. Kimball. 



John, or John Jackson Folsom 

An esteemed correspondent in Exeter, New Hampshire, under 
date of August 28, 1913, writes the Journal as follows: "In col- 
lecting data for the new Folsom genealogy, I find a branch of the 
family in the town of Foxcroft, Maine, all descendants of one 
John, or John Jackson Folsom, who was a farmer in New Sharon, 
Maine, but who died in Dover, Maine. This John Jackson mar- 
ried Dorcas Greenleaf, daughter of Joshua and Hannah Greenleaf. 
She died in New Sharon, June 28, 1832. They had : 

1. John Philbrick, b. 1820. 

2. Abigal. 

3. Samuel C, b. 1824. 

4. Dorcas. 

5. Jackson. 

6. Clara. 

"Can you tell me if there are any records of Do\er which 
would give the death record of this John Jackson Folsom tlirough 
which I might learn the name of his father and mother, and thus 
be able to connect the branch of the famil^v with its right line of 
descent from the first John Folsom." 

We have examined the records mentioned and do not find what is de- 
sired. If any of our readers can furnish us with any facts relative thereto 
they will be forwarded to the writer above. — (Editor. ) 



SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 173 




Falmouth Hotel 
J. J. POOLER, 

Proprietor, 

Portland, Maine. 

European and American Plan. 



50,000 Horse Power 

AVAILABLE FOR INDUSTRIES IN CENTRAL MAINE 

Central Maine Power Co. 

Offices at Augusta, Gardiner, Waterville, Skowhegan, 
Pittsfield and Dexter. 



CONTENTS 

Pa?e. 

The Lexington of the Seas, (continued) - - - - 175 

Wayfarer's Notes, (continued) - - - - - 185 

Pre-Historic Indians of Maine, - - - - - 192 

A Deposition in 1776 Relating to Land in Biddeford, - 193 

Editorial : The Value of a Knowledge of State History, - 194 

Notes and Fragments, - - - - - - 196 

An Arnold Memorial, - - - - - - - 199 

A Massachusetts Colonial Ordinance That is the Law of 

Maine, -------- 201 

The End of Volume One, (Bv the Editor) - - - 206 

Index, Vol. I, - - ^ ----- 209 

ILLUSTRATIONS 

Pafrc. 

Sir William Pepperell, - - - - - - - 174 

The Rubicon or the O'Brien Brook, - . - - 177 

A reproduction from the Hutchinson Manuscripts, - - 203 

The former home of Sir William Pepperell, Kittery, Maine, 208 



no SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



in^- machines owned by Joseph Little, Esq. & Son, at Lewiston 
Falls." 

William Rurdiek of Roston, April 80, 1814, announces that 
he "will publish in June The Massachusetts Manuel, or Political 
and Historical Register," to contain 250 pages and to be printed 
at the press of Munroe and Francis. 

Jacob Abbot, Jr., of Hallowell advertises for sale "the Store 
in Augusta now occupied bv Soule ik Thurlo. "" 

The postmaster of Augusta in 1814 was J. S. Kimball. 



John, or John Jackson Folsom 

An esteemed correspondent in Exeter, New Hampshire, under 
date of August 28, 1913, writes the Journal as follows: "In col- 
lecting data for the new Folsom genealogy, I find a branch of the 
family in the town of Foxcroft, Maine, all descendants of one 
John, or John Jackson Folsom, who was a farmer in New Sharon, 
Maine, but who died in Dover, Maine. This John Jackson mar- 
ried Dorcas Greenleaf, daughter of Joshua and Haimah Greenleaf. 
She died in New Sharon, June 28, 1832. They had : 

1. John Philbrick, b. 1820. 

2. Abigal. 

3. Samuel C, b. 1824. 

4. Dorcas. 

5. Jackson. 

6. Clara. 

"Can vou tell me if there are any records of Do\er which 
would give the death record of this Joini .Jackson Folsom through 
which I might learn the name of his father and mother, and thus 
be able to connect the branch of the family with its right line of 
descent from \\\v first John Folsom." 

We have examined the records mentioned and do not find what is de- 
sired. If any of our readers can furnish us with any facts relative thereto 
they will be forwarded to the writer above. — (Editor. ) 



SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 173 




Falmouth Hotel 
J. J. POOLER, 

Proprietor, 

Portland, Maine. 

European and American Plan. 



50,000 Horse Power 

AVAILABLE FOR INDUSTKIES IN CENTRAL MAINE 

Central Maine Power Co. 

Offices at Augusta, Gardiner, VVaterville, Skowhegan, 
Pittsfield and Dexter. 



CONTENTS 

The Lexington of the Seas, (continued) - - - - 

Wayfarer's Notes, (continued) _ _ _ . . 

Pre-Historic Indians of Maine, ----- 

A Deposition in 1776 Relating to Land in Biddeford, 
Editorial : The Value of a Knowledge of State History, 
Notes and Fragments, -_--_- 

An Arnold Memorial, ------- 

A Massachusetts Colonial Ordinance That is the Law of 
Maine, -------- 

The End of Volume One, (By the Editor) 

Index, Vol. I, -------- 



ILLUSTRATIONS 



Sir William Pepperell, ------ 

The Rubicon or the O'Brien Brook, . - - - 

A reproduction from the Hutchinson Manuscripts, 

The former home of Sir William Pepperell, Kittery, Maine, 



Page. 

175 

185 
192 
193 
194 
196 
199 

201 
206 
209 



Page. 

174 
177 
20f3 
208 



174 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



William Pepperell 
is a prominent figure 
in the colonial history 
of Maine. He was 
born atKittery Point, 
Maine, June 27, 
1696, and died there 
July 6, 1759. He 
was first a merchant 
but later entered 
politics and in 1727 
was elected one of 
His Majesty's Council 
for the province of 
Massachusetts, and 
was regularly re- 
elected for 32 years 
in succession. He 
was commander of 
the troops at Louis- 
burg in 1745, and for 
his bravery and mili- 
tary ability was 
made a baronet by 
the British govern- 
ment. 





^^^g f 




L 


1 


"l 
















ii 


1/ tM 


"'Ii-. 


. 


^^pr 


O^A^^ 


^ .- ' '^^.., 


1$ 


Kl 


\1> 








I , _3sJ|»3te 





SIR WILLIAM PEPPERELL 



John Francis Sprague's Books 



Piscataquis Biography and Frag- 
ments. i^l.OO 

Sebastian Rale, a Maine Trag- 
edy of the IHth Century. 

The North P^astern Boundary 
Controversy and the Aroos- 
took War, 

Accidental Shooting in the Game 
Season. 

Backwoods Sketches. 

Also Piscataquis Historical So- 
ciety Collections. Vol. I, S'S.OO 

Any of the above named books will be 
sent posti)aid upon receipt of the 
price. 

A. J. HUSTON, 

92 Exchange St., Portland. Maine. 



SLOO 



$1.25 



.25 

$1.00 



S. G. SANFORD & SON 
Livery and Sales Stable 

Stylish Rigs, Horses, Carriages, 
Sleighs, Harness and Robes. 

LARGEST REPOSITORY 
IN EASTERN MAINE. 

Teams to and from all trains. 
Suninicr Street, near M. C. R. R. Station, 

Foxcroft, Maine. 
Phone 92-2. 



We have positive evidence of the reliability of the advertisers on these pages 



Sprague's Journal of Maine History 

Vol. I JANUARY, 191 4 No. 5 



The Lexington of the Seas 

By John Francis Spi-a^ue 

(Published by permission of the Journal of American History.) 

(Continued from Page 164..) 

The explanation given by Talbot seems to be the most reason- 
able of any : " But it is probable that the permission granted in 
the vote would have been carried out in good faith had not the 
Captain of the Mai'garetta unnecessarily provoked a quarrel with 
the inhabitants,'"* in ordering them to take down their liberty 
pole. There is sufficient proof that some days, at least, before the 
battle the people of Machias had, whether by a vote of the town, 
or not, done what hundreds of other little communities throughout 
the Colonies had done, and were doing : erected a "liberty pole." 

Drisko ^ is very certain that it was accomplished by a \ ote in 
a town meeting, legally called. They selected a tall, straight, 
and handsome sapling pine tree, "leaving a tuft of verdure at the 
top, the best emblem they had at command of the flag they desired 
to fight for, live and die under." This tree of lil)erty was planted 
amid the shouts of the assembled inhabitants, the discharge of 
musketry, and the sound of fife and drum. It was an occasion of 
much rejoicing, and around it the people "made solemn pledges to 
resist the mother country." When Captain Moore of the 
Margaretta learned of this and its significance, he ordered it to be 
taken down under the threat of firing upon the town. '' This was 
the last straw. All of their suspicions that Captain Jones had 
been equivocal in his dealings with them, all of their suppressed 
indignation and slumbering wrath at the presence of the Margaretta 
in their port, were enkindled anew. It was a crisis in the affairs 
of the Machias patriots. And yet they were deliberate enough to 
submit to the calling of another town meeting to see if the town 

(a) The Capture of the Margaretta, p. 5. 

(b) Drisko's History of Machias, p. 34. 

(c) The Capture of the Margaretta, p. 5. 



176 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

would vote to remove the offensive pole, and after the town had 
voted unanimously in the negative, they even then agreed with 
Captain Moore through the mediation of one Stephen Jones, a 
nephew of Captain Jones, to await the action of another meeting, 
which was duly called. It can be easily understood that it was 
essentially for the interest of Captain Jones to maintain peace 
between the belligerent Moore and the aroused and infuriated 
citizens; and his nephew, who was himself a storekeeper, and inter- 
ested with his uncle in business, was exerting all of his efforts 
toward this end, and it seems that he had influence with Moore to 
dissuade him from attacking the town until after a second town 
meeting. 

But the day for temporizing had passed. In 1775, John 
Adams was a young school teacher in Connecticut. In his da}', 
the first steps in the career of a great man was to keep a diary of 
the thoughts, impressions, ()|)inions, and doings of himself, his 
neighbors, and his friends. So John kept one, and this is one of 
his entries: "In another century all Europe will not be able to 
subdue us. The only way to keep us from setting up for ourselves 
is to subdue us." 

The determination to rebel against the innumerable acts of 
the Crown designed to destroy Colonial liberty permeated every 
nook and corner of the Province of Maine, and the sentiments so 
tersely expressed by young Adams grew and expanded everywhere. 

It could not have been otherwise than that this spirit of inde- 
pendence and these longings for freedom should also prevail in this 
remote and ocean-bound hamlet. After the second town meeting 
was called and before it could be assembled, the situation had 
become acute. It is possible that Captain Jones had been entirely 
frank with the people, that they knew that he had obligated him- 
self to sell his lumber to the British authorities, and that the 
seriousness of their open or tacit acquiescence in such a performance 
was becoming vivid to them ; or it may be that they did not know 
of it with certainty, as appears probable from the second letter'*^ 
of the Machias Committee to the Boston authorities, and so their 
misgivings regarding their acts in town meetings, and their fears 
that any lumber carried from their port to Boston by Captain 
(a) Baxter Manuscripts, Vol. 14, p. 284. 



THE LEXINGTON OF THE SEAS 



Jones, under escort of an armed vessel of the British Navy, would 
be thus disposed of as a matter of course, were intensified. It is 
now impossible to determine exactly what were the circumstances ; 
but one thinji- is certain, that there was such a final culmination of 
their suspicions, fears, and apprehensions, that it resulted in the 
formation of a plan to prevent the return of the sloops to Boston 
laden with lumber. 

As we have seen, there were two Machias men, Morris O'Brien 
and Benjamin Foster, who had seen service in the army at the 
Sieoe of Louisburg, and both were citizens of substance and in- 
fluence. To these two the people looked for counsel and guidance. 
It is quite evident that some took a more conservative view of the 
matter, and in the first instance advised waiting until the ensuing 
town meeting, and allow the people to reverse their action of the 
former meeting, if they would. Benjamin Foster and Morris 
O'Brien and his sons, and some others, favored taking possession 
of the partly laden sloops of Captain Jones and making prisoners 
of the officers and men, and, while their counsels were divided, 
Fostei- and the O'Briens finally prevailed. It is said that Foster, 
weary of the debate, crossed a stream known as the "O'Brien 
Brook,"" near which they were standing, and called out to all who 

favored the cap- 
ture of the Mar- 
garetta and the 
two s 1 o op s to 
follow him, and 
that in a few 
moments every 
man stood l)v 
his side. 

A plan of at- 
tack, a soit of 
impromptu cani- 
paign, was im- 
mediately agreed upon. This was on Sunday, June 11, 1775. It 
was known that the Englisli officers would attend the religious 
services of good Parson Lyon in the meeting-house that morning, 




The Rubicon or tlu- ■"O'Eiifn Brook. 



(a) Sherman, p. 41. 



178 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

and it was decided to surround the church and seize them during- 
the services. Under this arrangement a part of the company re- 
mained with Foster outside to do this, when the critical moment 
should arrive, the rest dispersine; to attend ser\ices in the meeting- 
house as usual. 

They had before the meeting opened, quietly secreted their 
arms in the building,'^ John O'Rrien hiding his musket under a 
board and taking his seat on a bench directly behind Captain 
Moore, readv to seize him at the iirst alarm. This well prepared 
scheme would undoubtedly have been successful if they had taken 
the negroes of the community, or at least one of them, into their 
confidence. 

London Atus was a colored man, the bodv-servant of Parson 
Lyon, and while the parson himself, and about every other member 
of the congregation, except the intended victims themselves, had, 
in all probability, knowledge, or a well-grounded suspicion of what 
was afoot, Atus was entirely innocent of the dynamic atmosphere 
about him. From his place in a negro pew he could see armed 
men (Foster's band) '^ crossing a foot-bridge that connected two 
islands near the falls, and coming towards the meeting-house. He 
gave an outcry and leaped from the window, wild with excitement. 
This broke up the meeting, and the officers, believing that an 
attempt was being made to entrap them, followed the example of 
the negro and made their escape. 

They hastened to their vessel, and by the time Foster's force 
reached the meeting-house they were aboard their vessel and weigh- 
ing anchor, and Jones, who was to have been made a prisoner, fled 
to the woods, where he remained secreted for several days. 
O'Brien and Foster had previously to this Sunday morning 
"secretly invited'"*' the people of Mispecka and Pleasant River, be- 
ing neighboring plantations, to join them, and they had arrived and 
were in the woods near at hand, ready to engage in the capture of 
the officers. When Captain Moore and his associates escaped, it 
was quite a large number of people, greatly excited, who followed 
them down to the banks of the river, keeping up an harassing 

(a) Baxter Manuscripts, Vol. 14, p. 281. 

(b) The Capture of the Margaretta, Talbot, p. 8. 

(c) Baxter Manuscripts, p. 281. 



THE LEXINGTON OF THE SEAS 179 

musketry fire, which was returned by occasional shots at the 
populace from the cutter, but at too long range to be dangerous to 
either side. 

They then resolved to seize Jones' sloops and pursue the 
cutter. One of these, the Polly, was not in available condition, 
but they took possession of the Unity, Jones' other sloop, and dur- 
ing the remainder of Sunday and that night made preparations for 
the attack. They sent scouts to the East River village and 
neighboring plantations for volunteers, arms, and ammunition. 

A messenger was dispatched to Chandler's River'' to procure 
powder and ball, and, as the men of that settlement were all absent 
at Machias, two girls, Hainiah and Rebecca Weston, nineteen and 
seventeen years old, procured forty pounds of powder and balls 
and brought them to Machias, a distance of twenty miles through 
the woods, following a line of blazed or "spotted"" trees, but did 
not arrive there until after the battle was over. 

In the early dawn of the following morning (June 2), the 
expedition started down the river in pursuit of the Margdretta. 
Foster had taken a schooner, the Falmouth packet, at East River 
with a squad of men, intending to join in the expedition, but his 
vessel unfortunateh' became disabled and he was unable to accom- 
pany the Unity and was not at the engagement. The crew of the 
Unity, so far as known, numbered about forty, and one-half of 
these had muskets, with onlv about three rounds of ammunition. 
The rest armed themselves with pitchforks, '^ narrow and broad 
axes, heavy wooden clubs, mauls, etc. For provisions they had 
"a small bag of bread, a few pieces of pork and a barrel of 
water. ' ' 

So sudden and impulsive had this undertaking been, that at 
first it was only an unorganized mob, but, while sailing down the 
river with a favoring wind, they were more contemplative, and 
completed their plans by choosing Jeremiah O'Brien as captain, 
and Edmund Stevens, lieutenant ; and, understanding that they 
had no powder to waste, they decided to bear down on the enemy's 
ship, board her, and decide the contest at once. 

(a) Talbot, p. 14. 

(b) John O'Brien's Account, Maine Historical Collections, Vol. 
2, p. 242. 



180 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

In all the hist.orv of war, on land or sea, it is doubtful if 
there is a record of any adventure which exceeds this one for 
dauntless coura<2;e and a bold defiance of death. 

Sometime, someone may undertake the task of c()mi)iling in 
one work how much this American Nation owes the Sons of 
Ireland. Their name is le^nion and their valiant deeds are in- 
scribed on every page of our country's history. That fair 
"Emerald Isle," ever suffering from the blight of oppression, has 
given us gallant heroes, brave and worthy, in our every war from 
the village green of Lexington to the trancjuil waters of Manila 
Bay. And whenever that grand record is made up no name will 
receive more honorable mention than he, who, in the rays of the 
rising sun of that bright June morning, on the waters of Machias 
River, was made commander of this perilous and desperate expedi- 
tion. Hei-e were forty undisciplined men in chase of a vessel, well 
armed and eijuipped with trained marines, without thought of 
peril or danger. 

One writer" has said that the Cnity was "'(piickly seized and 
ludoaded of her lumbei", and equipj^ed for battle," but this is 
doubtless an inaccuracy. It is more probable that, as stated by 
another author, '^ the lumber was allowed to remain and was 
utilized by the men for breastworks for protection from the 
enemy's fire. 

The Umiy was well into the Ray when the Margardta was 
first sighted off Round Island, and she, being the more rapid 
sailer, was soon along her side. The helmsman of the M(tr<^(init(t, 
who was Captain Robert Aver\-, had fallen from a shot fii-ed by an 
old moose hunter on board the Unity, by the name of Knight, and 
an immediate volley of musketry from her deck astonished and 
demoralized the enemy. The bowsprit of the Unity })lunged into 
her mainsail, holding the two vessels together for a short time. 
While they were in this position, one of the O'Brien brothers, 
John, sprang upon the M<n'garett(i' .s deck, but the vessels suddenly 
parted, carrying the audacious John alone on board the British 

(a) Lieutenant Edward Wilson, very late of the U. S. Navy, quoted 
by Representative Wiley of Alabama in a speech in Congress, February 
16, 1904. 

(b) Sherman, p. 57. 



I 



THE LEXINGTON OF THE SEAS 181 

vessel. It is said that seven of her crew instantly aimed and fired 
muskets at him, but he remained unscratched : they then charged 
upon him with their ba}onets and again he escaped by plunging 
overboard, and, amidst a storm of bullets from the enemy, re- 
gained his own vessel. 

Captain O'Brien then ordered his sloop alongside of the 
Marganitd. Twenty of his crew were selected to board her, armed 
with pitchforks, " and a hand-to-hand conHict on her deck resulted 
in the surrender of the Mur^rurctta to the Americans, and Jeremiah 
O'Brien hauled down the British ensign flying at her mast-head. 

Before the battle, an American coaster, with Captain Robert 
Avery as skipper, was lying in Holmes Bay. Captain Aver}' was 
forcibly seized by Captain Moore and taken on board the cutter to 
act as pilot out of the river, and was killed in the first of the 
encounter, as we have seen. Captain Moore also received a mortal 
wound and died shortly after. Several of his men were wounded, 
but the exact number is not known. Two of the Americans, John 
McNeil and James Coolbroth, were killed. It is also known that 
of their number, three, John Berry, Isaac Taft, and James Cole, 
were wounded. 

The crew of the Unity, as near as can be ascertained, were as 

follows : 

Jeremiah O'Brien, Captain Abial Sprague 

William O'Brien Edmund Stevens, Lieutenant 

Dennis O'Brien John O'Brien 

Joseph O'Brien Gideon O'Brien 

Samuel Watts Josiah Weston 

John Stule Joel Whitney 

John Drisko, Jr. John Merritt 

Judah Chandler Isaac Taft 

John Berry James Coolbroth 

James Cole Nathaniel Crediford 

Richard McNeil Joseph Wheaton 

John Hall John Scott 

Jesse Scott Joseph Libbee 

Wallace Fenalson Simeon Brown 

Ezekiel Foster Beriah Rice 

Joseph Clifford Samuel Whitney 

Jonathan Brown Elias Hoit 

Josiah Libbee Seth Norton 

Joseph Getchell Obediah Hill 



(a) Maine Historical Collections, Vol. 2, p. 242. 



182 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

James Sprague Daniel Meservey 

James N. Shannon John Stule, Jr. 

Benjamin Foss Nathaniel Ferderson 

Wm. McNeil John Mitchell 

Richard Earle William Mackelson 

(Body servant of Jeremiah O'Brien) John Thomas 

Jonathan Knight Joseph Getchell, Jr. 

David Prescott Ebenezer Beal 

John Bohanan Thomas Bewel 

Referring again to the assumption of some writers that 
Captain Jones was a Tor}, it is evident that it has arisen from the 
second letter to Rexerend James Lyon, Chairman of the Machias 
Committee of Correspondence, to Boston, July 7, 1775, in which 
he says : " We have discovered, upon examining the papers, that 
both Captain Jones' sloops were in the King's Service." 

We have already seen that, in order to obtain a permit from 
Admiral Graves to leave the port of Boston, he had agreed to 
return to Boston with lumber to be sold to the English. It is 
probable that evidence of this was found, but it would not seem to 
be sufficient grounds for the assertion that he was in the "King's 
Service," to any further extent than his intention to carr}' out 
that transaction. Even this may cast some reflection upon his 
patriotism, but it may be remembered in his favor that the press- 
ing need of the Machias citizens for provisions, and the safety of 
his own family, necessarily concerned and influenced him when he 
entered upon that agreement. It is possible that Lyon himself 
might have been unduly exercised over the matter, and magnified 
it more than it deserved. Talbot described this person as "The 
able, highly educated and eccentric Parson Lyon." 

At about sunset of the same day the Unity returned, proudly 
sailing up the bay and river to Machias Village, with her valuable 
prize, reaching the wharf amid the tumultuous cheering and shout- 
ing of the people. They made a hero of Captain Jeremiah 
O'Brien, as he certainly deserved, for his most brilliant achieve- 
ment, and the rejoicing continued until long past midnight. 

Morris O'Brien was born in the city of Dublin, Ireland, in 
the year 1715, and claimed to have descended from one of the old 
Irish kings of that name. In his home on the banks of the 
Machias there was a portrait representing his ancient ancestor, 
Brian Borumha. In earlv life he learned the tailor's trade, and 



THE LEXINGTON OF THE SEAS 183 

about 1738 sailed for America, laiuiiiii;- in Portsmouth, New 
Hampshire. For a while he lived in Kitterv, Maine. From 
Kittery he moved to Scarboro, and thence to Machias, where he 
lived until his death, June 4, 1799. His descendants had a 
prominent and enviable position in the early history of the State 
of Maine. One of them, Honorable Jeremiah O'Brien, represented 
Maine in the National House of Representatives in the Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congress. '' 

The Provincial Congress of Massachusetts, June 26, 1775, 
passed a Resolution, extending the thanks of the Congress to 
Captain Jeremiah O'Brien and Captain Benjamin Foster "and the 
other brave men under their command for their covn-age and good 
conduct in taking one of the tenders belonging to our enemies and 
two sloops belonging to Ichabod Jones. ""^ The Resolution 
further provided that the tender and sloops should remain in the 
custody and under the command of O'Brien and Foster, to be used 
by them for the " publick's advantage" and subject to the orders 
of the Congress. 

Naturally, the news of O'Brien's brilliant victory was heralded 
throughout the land, and it had a great effect in stimulating the 
Colonists everywhere to emulate his example. 

The subsequent career of Jeremiah O'Brien was a notable one. 
The British fitted out two armed schooners at Halifax for the 
purpose of re-taking the Margaretta, the Diligence and the 
Tnpnaquifih. O'Brien and Foster, however, were again successful, 
and the battle, July 12, 1775, resulted in their capturing both 
vessels and taking their crews prisoners. 

In the following September the Provincial Congress gave him 
command of two cruisers, the Machias Liberty and the Diligent^ 
which were known as the "Flying Squadron,'" and he served in 
this capacity, doing gallant service, until October, 1776. A Httle 
later, he had command of the privateers, Cyrus, Little Vincent, and 
Tiger, which continued until 1779, when he returned to his home 
in Machias and for several months served as Captain of a company 



b 



(a) I am indebted to one of his descendants, Mrs. Josephine O'Brien 
Campbell of Cherryfield, Maine, for courtesies and assistance in compiling 
the data herein. 

(b) Baxter Manuscripts, Vol. 14, p. 287. 



184 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

of soldiers, known as the Machias Rangers, which served under 
Colonel John Allen in protecting the settlements from unfriendly 
Indians. 

During the year 1780 two of his brothers, John O'Brien and 
Joseph O'Brien, built at Newburyport, Massachusetts, a vessel 
which was fitted out as a privateer. She was named the Hinin'ihid, 
and John O'Brien was her commander in her first cruise. John 
O'Brien, not desiring to serve longer, petitioned the General Court 
of Massachusetts to appoint Jeremiah O'Brien connnander, which 
was done. On this cruise the fortunes of war turned against 
Captain O'Brien, and while off the coast of New York the Hitnmhdl 
fell in with a fleet of British mercliantmen under convoy of several 
British frigates. Captain O'Brien, after a futile attempt to re- 
treat, was obliged to surrender. He, with the other officers and 
crew of the Hannibal, was incarcerated on board the })rison-ship, 
Jersey. At the end of six months all of the other prisoners were 
exchanged, but he was transported to Plymouth, England, and 
placed in the Mill Prison, where he remained for about eighteen 
months, when he succeeded in making his escape. He had culti- 
vated the acquaintance of a French washerwoman, employed about 
the prison, who, with the lielp of her husband, rendered him 
valuable assistance. He crossed the English Channel to France in 
a frail row boat. 

The French i)eople where he landed, upon learning who he 
was, were friendly and loaned him sufficient money to enable him 
to take voyage to New York, and he finally reached his home in 
Machias dui-iiig the autunni of 1782. 



Ti!i i!K are many points of important historical interest in the 
eaily history of Cherryfield, Steuben and Harrington in the his- 
toric old county of Washington which will be hereafter referred to 
in future issues in Wayfarer's Notes. One of the most important 
])ersonages in the eighteenth century in the District of Maine was 
General Alexander Campbell of Steuben and Cherryfield, who was 
born September 16, 1731, and died in 1807. More relating to 
his exentful career will also appear in the Wayfai-er papers. 



WAYFARER'S NOTES 185 



I 



Wayfarer's Notes 

The Bangor Theological Seminary 

The First Trustees 

(Continued from Page 140.) 

3. Rev. Eliphalet Gillett, D. D., was b. at Colchester, 
Conn., 19 Nov., 1768; j^raduated Dartmouth collej^e 1791 ; min- 
ister at Hallo well ; ordained 12 Aug., 1795 ; dismissed 12 Ma}', 
1827. Overseer Rowdoin college, 1798-1816. Secretary of the 
Maine Missionary society 1837-1848. He died in Ilallowell 19 
Oct., 1848. 

4. Rev. William Jenks, D. D. , was born in Newton, Mass., 
25 Nov., 1778; graduated Harvard college 1797. Minister at 
Bath 1805-1817 ; professor in Rowdoin college ; overseer Rowdoin 
college 1806-1811. Removed to Roston 1826; died 13 Nov., 
1866. 

5. Rev. Mighill Rlood ; born Hollis, N. H., 13 Dec. 1777 ; 
was graduated Dartmouth college 1800 ; ordained minister at 
Bucksport May 12, 1803; dismissed 24 Sept. 1840; died there 
2 April, 1852. 

6. Rev. Asa Lyman was born Lebanon, Conn., Feb., 1777; 
graduated Yale college, 1797. Minister at Bath, Jan. 1, 1806 to 
March 9, 1808 ; at Windham, 1809. Trustee of Rowdoin college 
1814-1816; overseer 1806-1813. Died in CHnton, N. Y., Jan. 
20, 1836. 

7. Rev. David Thurston, D. D. , was born in Rowley, 
Mass., 6 Feb., 1779; graduated Dartmouth college 1804. 
Overseer of Rowdoin college 1832-1864. Minister at "Winthrop 
1807-1851. Died in Litchfield 7 May, 1865. 

8. Rev. Harvey Loomis was born in Torringford, Conn., 
1785 ; graduated Williams college 1809 ; settled minister at Ran- 
gor from Nov. 27, 1811, until his death 2 Jan. 1825. 

9. Hon. Ammi R. Mitchell was born in North Yarmouth 8 
May, 1762. Physician. Overseer Rowdoin college, 1796-1824. 
He died 14 May, 1824. He was a distinguished citizen of his 
native town. 



186 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

10. Samuel E. Dutton, Esquire, was born in Hallowell, 16 
June, 1774. He had a common school education ; studied law, 
and was admitted to the Bar in 1800. In 1801 he came to Ban- 
gor and settled, being the second lawyer in the town, Allen Gilman 
being the first. It is quite remarkable that there is no allusion to 
him in Willis' Histor}^ of the Courts and Lawyers of Maine. He 
was a sound lawyer ; the first judge of probate for Penobscot 
county ; president of the Bangor bank, and one of the founders of 
the Bangor Theological Seminary. He was a civil engineer, and 
was agent for many landed proprietors. The town of Dutton (now 
Glenburn) was named for him. He was a conspicuous and prom- 
inent citizen of Bangor. He wore small clothes, silk stockings to 
the knees, and coat of the olden time, with scjuare tails, which 
reached nearly to the ground. He joined the first church in 
Bangor, May 13, 1812. He died Feb. 16, 1830, aged 56, 
or in 1831, aged 57, accounts differ. He was a fast friend for 
many years of the Seminary. 

11. Rev. Jonathan Fisher was born in New Braintree, Mass., 
7 Oct., 1768, graduated Harvard college 1792. Minister at Blue 
Hill 1796-1837. Trustee 1814 to 1845. His frequent journeys 
to the Seminary, 40 miles, were made on foot. He died 22 Sept. 
1847. 

12. Rev. Daniel Lovejoy was born in Amherst, N. H., 31 
March, 1776. Preached in Litchfield, Robbinston, Unity, Albion 
and other places. He died Oct. 11, 1833. I do not find that he 
was a graduate of any college. 

13. Rev. Edward Pay son, D. D., was born Rindge, N. H., 
25 Jan. 1783 ; graduated Harvard college 1803. Minister at 
Portland 1807 to his death 22 Oct., 1827. D. D. Bowdoin col- 
lege 1821 ; trustee also 1824-1827. 

14. Rev. Thomas Williams was born S. AVey mouth, Mass., 
11 March, 1787 ; graduated Brown university 1809. Minister at 
Brewer 1813; Foxcroft 1823; Poland 1835 ; died there 24 Nov.; 
1846. Overseer of Bowdoin college 1826-1846. 

15. Rev. David M. Mitchell was born 9 May, 1788, in North 
Yarmouth; graduated Yale college 1811 ; Andover Theological 
Seminary 1814. Minister at Waldoboro 1816-1842. Died 
Waltham, Mass., 27 Nov., 1869. 



WAYFARER "S NOTES 18T 

16. Dea. Eliashib Adams was born at Canterburv. Conn., 6 
June, 17T'3 ; came to Bucksport 1803, and to Baiii^or 1813, 
Treasui'er of the Seminary many years, and grandfather of the 
present treasurer, John L. Crosby. He died 28 Aug. 1855. 

17. Thomas Adams, Escjuire, was born in Pembroke, N. H., 
9 July, 1753 ; settled in Castine 1815, and was an eminent citizen 
and merchant there. He died in Roxbury, Mass., 31 Dec, 184<7. 

18. Rev. John W. Ellinwood. 1). 1)., was l)orn in IJexerly, 
Mass., 2 May, 1782 ; graduated Andover Theological Seminary 
1812; Williams college 1816. Minister at Bath 1812-1843. 
Bowdoin college gave him the degree of D. D. 1851. Overseer 
Bowdoin college 1816-1860. Died 19 Aug. 1860. 

19. Daniel Pike, Escjuire, was born in Byfield, Mass., 5 May, 
1785 ; came to Bangor about 1810. He was a prominent and 
useful citizen. He died 6 May, 1832. 



Stephen Jones, the First Justice of Teace East of the 

Penobscot 

Stephen Jones, Junior, was the son of Stephen and Lydia 
(Jones) Jones, of Falmouth, Maine, now Portland, where he was 
born 1739. The father, Stephen Jones, Senior, was born in 
Weston, Massachusetts, August 17, 1709. He married Lydia 
Jones, daughter of Captain James Jones, July 31, 1735, and 
settled in Falmouth, now Portland, where his two sons were born. 
Reverend Thomas Smith of Portland, in his journal says : 
"Oct. 2, 1745, Capt. Stephen Jones sailed in ([uest of Penobscot 
Indians," and "Nov. 1, 1745, Capt. Jones returned having seen 
no Indians."' In 1746, he enHsted as a captain in Colonel Noble's 
regiment in the French War. In an attack by the French at 
Minas, now Horton, Nova Scotia, Colonel Noble and Captain 
Jones were both killed January 7, 1747. Parson Smith says in 
his journal under date of February 22, 1747, "Col. Noble and 
our Capt. Jones killed at Menis, " 



188 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

After the death of his father, Stephen Jones, the son, went 
to live with his mother's father at Weston, Hving there for some 
years. He went to Worcester to learn the carpenter's trade with 
his uncle, Noah Jones. In February, 1757, he enlisted in the 
regiment of Colonel Joseph Fry, to serve in the French War. He 
was at Ticonderoga, Fort Edward and Lake Cham plain and served 
through the campaign of 1757-58. Where he was during the 
next few years I do not learn. His uncle, Ichabod Jones, was 
merchant in Boston, and interested in trading to the eastward. 
In March, 176-1 or "65 he went with his uncle to Machias River 
on a trading expedition. There he concluded to settle. In 1766, 
he made his permanent settlement. He bought or built a house 
on the spot where the post office is, in which he lived all the years 
of his residence in Machias. He and others built a mill in 1765. 
In 1769 he was chosen captain of a "Company of Foot, at a place 
called Machias in the county of Lincoln in tlie regiment whereof 
Thomas Goldthwait is colonel." 

In 1769, he heads the petition to the general court for grant 
of land. He was the first justice of the peace, I think, appointed 
east of Penobscot River, and as the higher courts were then at 
Pownalborough, his office was of great importance. ^Vhen the 
Revolutionary War broke out he did not hesitate, but espoused 
the cause of the colonies with all his abilities and influence. 
Several of his relatives took the other side, which made it harder 
for him. No town in the State was more i^atriotic than Machias, 
and this too with but little or no i)rotection from the United 
States. Several remarkable papers relative to this crisis are re- 
corded on the records of the town, nearly all of wliich were written 
by Mr. Jones. Honorable George F. Talbot in his speech at the 
Machias Centennial said that "Judge Jones' papers in the town 
records show him to be a master of the political style in which 
Jefferson was adept." 

At the first town meeting held after the incorporation of the 
town of Machias, June 23, 1784, he was elected moderator and 
continued to be elected every year until his advancing age pre- 
vented. He held many other town offices. He was authority in 
all matters of business, politics or religion. Upon the incorpora- 
tion of Washington Count}', June 25, 1789, which took effect 



WAYFARER'S NOTES 189 



May, 1790, Mr. Jones was appointed chief justice of the court of 
common pleas, and judge of probate for the new county, whidi 
offices he filled for many years with great acceptance. 

In religion he was of the "standing order,'" a Puritan in 
faith and practice. He believed that the minister and the school 
master were both necessary to build up a state, in all the elements 
of greatness. His house was open to all, his hospitality un- 
bounded ; food and grog, as was the custom, were dispensed in. 
plenty. No man of any consideration thought of going by 
Machias Bay without going up to Machias to see Judge Jones. 
Among those who partook of his hospitality were Albert Gallatin, 
upon his first arrival in this country, in 1780 ; General Rufus 
Putnam, his old compatriot in the French War, on his way to sur- 
vey Moose Island, and other towns in 1784 ; Revereiid Seth 
Noble, an old friend, the first minister of Bangor, on his way 1o 
St. John River in July, 1791 ; Talleyrand, the great French 
minister in 1793 ; General David Cobb, of Gouldsborough, in 
1797-8, who drove his horse and sleigh through the old horsel)ack 
road from Jonesborough to Machias, being the only man who ever 
went through that ancient path with a horse except on horseback. 

Park Holland, later of Bangor, in his journal, tells of a visit 
he and General Rufus Putnam (the founder of Ohio) made Judge 
Jones in August, 1784, as follows : "Judge Jones treated us very 
kindly, and politely invited General Putnam and myself to take 
tea with him that afternoon ; said he had some friends from 
Boston, whom he was expecting, and would try to make our time 
pass pleasantly. The time came, and we told our men they might 
get their supper and not wait for us, and proceeded to make our 
visit. We passed the afternoon very pleasantly indeed. Tea at 
length arrived with which we had anticipated a good supper, but, 
alas ! it was carried round, as the expression is, and a servant 
came in with it, poured out, and a slice of bread and butter in 
each saucer. He came first to General Putnam, wlio on taking 
his tea from the tray, upset it the first thing he did, and what 
was worse, what his saucer did not catch, fell scalding hot on his 
knees and destroyed his comfort for the evening. I succeeded in 
lifting mine in safety from the tray and lo ! my bread was thickly 
spread with butter, an article of which I never partook, in any way. 



190 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

in my life. We tried, however, to make the best of our mis- 
fortunes, thouji'h to eat l^read with butter on it, I could not. We 
returned to our camp, General Putnam scoldin^- and I laughing, 
and ordered a supper to be prepared for us. We had eaten in the 
army for months together, from a clean chip, with a knife and 
fork among half a dozen of us, and our soup with a clam shell for a 
spoon thrust into a split stick for a handle, and got along very 
well ; but this carrying round tea was a little too much for us." 

He was a strong Federalist, as were nearly all the old soldiers. 
In 1810, he wrote a letter to his friend, General Rufus Putnam, 
at Marietta, Ohio, a copy of which I give : 

Boston, 21st. of Feb. 1810. 
Rufus Putnam, Esq. 

Dear Sir : I expect this letter will be handed to you by Mr. 
Oliver Putnam, a very respectable merchant of this town, and 
whom I would recommend to your notice and particular attention. 
Any civilities shown him will be thankfully acknowledged by me. 
Mr. Putnam, having mentioned to me, a few days since that he 
proposed setting out in a day or two on a visit to your part of the 
country. I mentioned to him my acquaintance with you, and that I 
wished to write you by him. For I presumed it would not be un- 
pleasant to you to hear from an old friend, who had been your 
messmate during the campaign of 1757, and who had waded through 
the deep snow on the banks of the Hoosick river, and over the lofty 
mountains of that name, in the cold month of February, 1758, and 
reduced to the sad necessity of eating dog. Friendships formed on 
such trying occasions are not easily obliterated, and I assure you 
that I still feel a lively friendship for you, and have often thought 
of writing you ; but no direct opportunity offering, have hitherto 
neglected it. You are the only one of my old comrades that I 
know of who is living. There may be others yet alive, but I do 
not know where they dwell. I observed last summer in the news- 
papers, the insertion of the death of Samuel Wiswal. I expect 
you to remember his leaving us at Fort Edward, soon after the 
taking of Fort Wm. Henry. 

I noticed in the public prints, a few years since, that T. 
Jefferson had honored you by removing you from an office be- 
stowed upon you by the great and virtuous Washington, the real 
father of his country. Your removal from office is full evidence 
of your adherence to the principles of the good old Washington 
school, of which I avow myself to be a true disciple ; and the 
numerous removals of honest, capable men from office, and in many 
instances the vacancies so made by T. Jefferson filled again by 
him with d-d rascals, has excited my warmest indignation. 

I consider that heaven, in its wrath for the sins of our nation, 
permitted him to preside over our nation. I did hope that his 



WAYFARER'S NOTES 191 



successor was fully convinced of the mad, weak and foolish meas- 
ures of his immediate predecessor, and that he would administer 
the government with impartiality ; but I find myself disappointed, 
and that we are still to bear French insults and that Great Britain 
is to be treated with every possible insult, to provoke her to com- 
mence hostilities against us, and we thus compelled to go to war 
with her, and to form an alliance with the tyrant and scourge 
of Europe, which I pray heaven to avert. 

You will see that this letter is dated at Boston. I came here 
about a month since, on a visit to my son and daughter, who live 
here, they being all the children I have. My daughter is married 
and her husband and my son are doing business together as mer- 
chants under the firm of Richards & Jones. My wife is still living, 
but has not enjoyed very good health for some years past. I have 
generally enjoyed very good health, but now feel the infirmities of 
old age. I entered my 72d year the 8th instant. I believe your age 
is not much different from mine. I came on from Machias to 
Boston by land, and expect to return again the same way, the fore 
part of next month. If you have any federal newspapers edited 
with you, the spirited resolutions passed by our legislature in their 
present session, will undoubtedly be published in them and you will 
read them with much satisfaction ; they manifest the true spirit of 
'75. If you find it convenient to write to me, I assure you that it 
will be very acceptable to 

Your old friend and humble servant, 

STEPHEN JONES. 

He was the most conspicuous and eminent citizen of his town 
and county for nearly forty years. At a public dinner he was once 
toasted as "the first man in the town and the first mati in the 
county.'' He married Sarah Barnard. She died in Machias and 
was buried in the old burying ground in the rear of the town 
house, where I saw a few years since, her gravestone coxered with 
weeds and bushes : "In memory of Sarah, wife of Hon. Stephen 
Jones, Esquire, who died May 24, 1820, aged 78.'' After the 
death of his wife he went to Boston to live with his children. I 
think he died about 1826. Their children were : 

Stephen J., born April 15, 1775, Boston, merchant: Sally, 
b. July 4, 1779, died prior to 1810 ; Polly, b. Jan. 5, 1781, died 
prior to 1810; Sukey CofTin, b. Feb. 3,1783. She married John 
Richards of Gouldsborough, (Jan. 19, 1800.) He was an agent 
with General Cobb, of the liingham estate for some years ; then 
moved to Boston where he was a merchant in company with his 
brother-in-law, Stephen Jones. Mr. and Mrs. I{ichards had chil- 
dren. John, Henry, Frances and Maria. 



192 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Pre-Historic Indians of Maine 

The JouRXAi. acknowledges thanks for an exceedingly interest- 
ing and valuable treatise on the "Red-paint People of Maine,"' 
by Professor Warren K. Moorehead of Andover, Massachusetts, 
received from the author, it being a reprint from the American 
Anthropologist, Vol. 15, No. 1, (Jan. -March, 1913.) It relates 
to research and explorations of prehistoric Indian burial places in 
the lower Penobscot region and as far north as Moosehead Lake, 
and down the west branch of the Penobscot as far as Passadum- 
keag. He corroborates the conclusions arrived at by Mr. C. C. 
Willoughby, of the Peabody Museum, Harvard University, in 
1892, published in the Peabody Museum papers. Vol. 1, No. 6, 
Cambridge, 1898, who discovered "many graves containing curious 
gouges and hatchet-blades, as well as considerable quantities of 
red ochre, and fire stones and other objects.'" These discoveries 
point conclusively to a race of Indians, "readily distinguished 
from recent Algonquin tribes.'' 

Professor Moorehead believes that the culture of these Red- 
paint People extended at least thirty miles north of Bangor. 

Among the conclusions which Professor Moorehead arrives at 
are the following : 

"First. Our studies warrant agreement with practically all 
the results of the observations presented by Mr. Willoughby in the 
able paper on his explorations in the same region. 

"Second. It is our conviction that the graves represent an 
ancient and exceedingly primitive culture, totally different from 
that of the later Algonquin tribes inhabiting ihe region. 

"Third. The absence of human remains from these graves, 
and the disintegration of fully a fifth of the stone implements, 
point to considerable antiquity. This condition resulted from the 
fact that the burials were all in sand or gravel or gravelly loam. 
The water percolated beneath the implements, leaving them dry. 
Under such conditions in the Middle West, where the writer has 
made extensive explorations, the skeletons are usually fairly well 
preserved and disintegrated stone implements never occur. 

"Fourth. There is a total absence of the following well- 
known Penobscot or Abnaki types : The grooved axe ; grooved 



A DEPOSITION IN 1776 193 



hammer ; pottery ; soapstone dishes and ornaments ; pierced tab- 
lets of the common forms ; few, if an}-, thick celts ; mortars and 
pestles ; pipes ; beads ; bone implements. There are verv few of 
the small, ordinary, chipped arrowheads. Chipped spearpoints and 
an occasional arrowhead are found, but most of the projectile points 
are of polished slate. 

"Fifth. The presence of problematical forms of the winged 
class brings up the interesting question : Was the winged proble- 
matical form first made by the Red-paint People and from them 
spread westward .'' 

"Sixth. The interments are characterized not by the usual 
small quantity of pigment found elsewhere in graves, but by 
generous quantities of iron oxide, usually red and occasionally 
yellow. This occurs in such large masses as frequently to discolor 
the soil for several inches above and below the implements and 
throughout a diameter of as much as three feet ; indeed in some 
of the graves at least half a bushel of pigment was placed." 



A Deposition in 1776 Relating to Land in 

Biddeford 

(From Documentary History of Maine. 
(Baxter Manuscripts) Vol. 15, P. 46.) 

William Murch of Lawful age Testify and says that Wyat 
More late of Biddeford in the County of York, now of Aplace, 
called Mount desert in the County of Lincoln, and James More of 
the same place some time in the year 1760 signed a deed to the 
Deponents Father, John Mm-cli, of a tract of Land in said 
Biddeford bounded as follows : beginning at a white pine Stump 
on the Bank of Little River & thence running South East to 
Henry Pendexter's Land 31 Rods 8c an haH\ then South west 
keeping the breadth of thirty-one rods ik. an half untill twenty- 
one are conipleated and that the same Land in the last Will & 
testament of his father was given to the Deponents Brother, John 
Murch, but the said Deed was never recorded and was burned in 
the Deponents House the Eighteenth Day of April last 

William Murch 

York ss. June 12, 1776 Then the above named William 
Murch made oath to the truth of the above Deposition before me 

Ja Sullivan, Justice of the Peace 



Sprague's Journal of Maine History 

PUBLISHED QUARTERLY 
Vol. I JANUARY, 1914 No. 5 

JOHN FRANCIS SPRAGUE, Dover, Maine, Editor and Publisher, to whom all eom- 
munications should be addressed. 

Entered as second class matter, at the post oflice at Dover, Maine. 

TERMS: For all numbers issued durinsr the year, including: an index and all special is- 
sues, ll.oo. Single copies, 25 cents. Bountl volumes, containing all of the issues for one year, 
$1.50. Postage prepaid. 



" IVe ))nist look a little into that process of natio)i-making 
7vhich has been going on since preiiistoric ages ayid is going 
on here anio?ig ns to-day^ and Jr-om the recorded experience 
of men iji times long past ive may gather lessons of infinite 
value for ourselves and for our children' s children . ' ' 

— John Fiske. 



The Value of a Knowledge of State History 

At some time, subseciuent to those unknown periods when man 
dwelt in caves and tree tops, he began to make crude record of his 
work and performances, and it so interested other generations of 
men that they preserved it for the use and benefit of those who 
succeeded them. It is this transmission of the doings, the experi- 
ences, the struggles, the victories and the failures, the joys and the 
sorrows of mankind from epoch to epoch, from generation to 
generation, that we call history. The memorable deeds of history 
elevate and cultivate the mind. The student holds converse with 
those of other ages and scans and studies the imprint which the 
"noiseless foot of time" has made upon the race. 

The record of the struggles, the victories and the defeats of 
the toilers and the moilers of today will be either an inspiration or 
a warning to those who will toil and moil tomorrow. 

It is inevitable that the story of the past may, if utilized, 
serve to light the pathway in making the story of the present. 

If this is a fact regarding history generally, the history of 
races, nations and peoples, it follows logically that it applies with 
comparative force to the history of a state, a county, a city or a 
hamlet, a country town, a remote })lantation or a backwoods 
settlement. Then the study of your own local history developes 






VALUE OF A KNOWLEDGE OF STATE HISTORY 195 



and cultivates an interest in the entire history of the evolution of 
the world's civilization. 

For trace back as you may the circumstances surrounding any 
of the first settlements in Colonial Maine and within vour ken is 
the fascinating history of Europe, and her social, economic, 
religious and political development during the same period of time. 

We behold not only the human ferment of more than two 
hundred years participated in by Catholic, Protestant and 
Huguenot, and are not only in close touch with the intrigues and 
clash of the old world in those days, but we also see much of the 
lurid tragedy of the red man's race and its pathetic fading from 
off the face of the earth. The efforts and failures of his ancestors 
will create in the citizen not only a reverence for them and their 
achicA ements, but also a desire and a determination to impro\e up- 
on their methods, to work upon more advanced and progressive 
lines, and to finish in a better fashion what they had begun. Such 
is the beginning of true statesmanship and the formation of the 
loftiest ideals. It helps to evolve righteous government, to lay 
the foundation for true progress, and to produce the highest type 
of American citizenship. 

Hence all public-spirited citizens, all publicists, statesmen, 
educators and teachers, are vitally interested in a general way in 
the consideration of these subjects whether specially engaged in 
their studv or not. 



Judge Edgar C. Smith, corresponding secretary of the 
Piscataquis Historical Society, has received notice of the twenty- 
ninth annual meeting of the American Historical Association at 
Charleston, South Carolina, December 29-30, and Columbia, 
South Carolina, December 31, 1913, with an invitation to this 
society to send delegates to attend this meeting. 



AxY of our subscribers who desire to have their numbers of 
Volume One of the JoniXAL bound in g(»od cloth binding may send 
the same to the publisher who will have them bound and mailed to 
such subscriber upon payment of fifty cents which will include 
postage. 



196 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



Notes and Fragments 

A CROSS the fields of yesterday 
-^*- He sometimes comes to me, 
A little lad just back from play — 
The lad I used to be. 

And yet he smiles so wistfully 

Once he has crept within, 
I wonder he still hopes to see 

The man I might have been. 

—Thomas S. Jones, Jr. 



Nearl}' twenty years ago there was quite a spirited contro- 
versy in the newspapers of the country regarding the birthplace 
of Sir Hiram Maxim, the famous inxentor of the machine gun 
which bears his name, now an EngHsh subject, but a native of the 
State of Maine. Hohnan Day, Maine's popular author, had been 
editing the Dexter Gazette and having been misinformed as to the 
facts, and yet desiring to add to the fame of the good town of 
Dexter, alleged it to have been in that town. Many othei's located 
it in Wayne, Maine, as that was the original home of that branch 
of the Maxim family to which he belonged. And yet others 
averred that it was in the town of Abbot. The writer addressed a 
letter to the mother of Sir Hiram, then living in Wayne, and 
received the following reply : 

Wayne, 31 Dec A. D. 1897. 
J. F. Sprague, Esq., 

Dear Sir : We lived at Brockway's Mills in the Nickerson house when 
my son Hiram was born Wednesday about noon 5 Feb. A. D. 1840. 

Yours truly, 

HARRIET BOSTON MAXIM. 

This letter is in the handwriting of Mrs. Maxim and is yet 
in the writer's possession. Brockway's Mills is in the town of 
Sangerville, Maine. 



In 1S60, Isaac Maxim, the father of Sir Hiram, resided with 
his famih' in the town of Abbot, Maine. 

The following notice appeared in the Piscataciuis Obser\er in 
its issue of April 26, 1860 : 



NOTES AND FRAGxMENTS 197 



FREEDOM NOTICE. 

For a valuable consideration, I have this day relinquished to my son, 
Hiram S. Maxim, his time during his minority. I shall claim none of his 
earnings or pay any debts of his contracting after this date. 

ISAAC MAXIM. 
Witness, D. D. Flynt. 
Abbot, April 18, 1860. 

Subsequent to this Hiram enlisted as a soldier in the Union 
Arniv and served in the Civil AVar. 



Mr. Daniel Smith of Machias, Maine, has in his possession an 

old day book kept in the store of Colonel John Allen, from August 

25, 1783, to January 5, 1805. We recently had an opportunity 

to examine this book and found the following entries relating to an 

account that he had with Benedict Arnold, who was then on the 

Island of Campbello, some years after he had committed acts of 

treason against the cause of the American Colonies : 

"Gen. Arnold, Dr. 
1786. 
Nov. 6. To 1976 feet of Lumber, del. to Capt. Gregg " 

"Bennedick Arnold Dr. 

1786. 
Dec. 6. To 1 Gallon Rum .36" 

"Gen. Arnold, Dr. 
1787. 
Feb. 7. To Cordage, del. to Capt. Gregg " 



Long before the close of the present century the work of 
man's art added to Maine's natural scenery, will undoubtedly have 
made this the most beautiful and picturesque State on the Ameri- 
can continent. The historian of the future will record the fact 
that the primal reason for this was the agitation for "good roads " 
in Maine, which really began within the last decade and which is 
so pronounced in this year of grace 1913. This will be regarded 
as an epoch, the beginning of a new era in road improvement and 
the preservation of shade trees along the broad highways of the 
Pine Tree State. It will be a fact worthy of much notice in the 
future that in the State election of 1912, both candidates for 
Go\ ernor. Honorable Frederick W. Plaisted and Honorable William 
T. Haines, advocated on the stump the bond issue which made 



198 SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

progress in this direction possible and that the people of Maine 
at the election of that year voted for it. 



The Piscata(|uis Histoi'ical Society has held regular quarterly 
meetings during the past year with an attendance larger than 
usual. Among the papers which have been read are: "Water 
Witches or the Use of the Divining Rod in Piscataquis County," 
Edgar C. Smith; "Some Reminiscences of Civil War Days in 
Maine," John F. Sprague ; "Further Gleanings From the Early 
History of the Town of Guilford," Mrs. Osgood P. Martin ; a few- 
facts on the early "Navigation of Lake Hebron,*" Walter C. 
Jackson; "The Towne Family in Piscataf^uis County," John F. 
Sprague. "Old Time Teachers of Piscataquis County " is a series 
of papers prepared by the committee on entertainment for 19LS, 
namely : Miss Mary E. Averill, Mrs. C. W. Hayes and Mrs. 
O. P. Martin. These papers have Ijeen read b}' Miss Mary E. 
Averill, Mrs. O. P. Martin and Mrs. Ella M. Getchell. 

The annual outing was held in the Congregational Church in 
Monson, August 20, 1913, when a \ ery interesting program was 
carried out, including the reading of selections from the poems of 
Anna Boynton Averill by Francis C. Peaks. 

Among the honorary members })resent was Maine's noted 
author, Mrs. Fannie Hardy Eckstorm of Brewer, Maine. 



Thk exact origin of the name Acadia has always been in doubt 
among historians. 

In "Military Operations in Eastern Maine and Nova Scotia," 
by Frederic Kidder, (Albany 186T) the author (p, 6) says : 
"The name of Acadia, which was given it by the French is the 
Indian word for Pollock, a fish very abundant on that coast." He 
does not however cite any authority for the statement. 



We acknowledge receipt of valuable public documents 
received from Congressman Guernsey and the Memorial Addresses 
on the life and character of the late John Breck Perkins from 
Honorable ()l)adiah Gardner. 



AN ARNOLD MEMORIAL 199 



An Arnold Memorial 

THIS TABLE T 

MARKS THE HEADQUARTERS OF 

COLONEL BENEDICT ARNOLD 

SEPT. 21—23, 1775 

WHEN HE AVAS THE GUEST OF 

MAJOR REUBEN CO LB URN 

DURING THE TRANSFER OF HIS ARMY OF 

1100 MEN AND SUPPLIES FROM 

THE TRANSPORTS TO THE 220 BATEAUX 

BUILT BY MAJOR COLBURN 

FOR THE EXPEDITION TO QUEBEC 

TO COMMEMORATE THIS EVENT THIS TABLET 

IS PLACED BY 

SAMUEL GRANT CHAPTER 

DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 

1913 

A bronze tablet bearing the foregoing inscription was 
unveiled in the town of Pittston, August 28, 1913. It is affixed 
to a large, granite boulder by the side of the higliway and within a 
few rods of the left bank of the Kennebec River. The boulder was 
brought from a distance and placed there for that purpose by the 
town authorities. Nearby is the Colburn house, the same which 
Reuben Colburn occupied and in which he entertained his dis- 
tinguished guest in 1775. It is a two-story mansion of attractive 
appearance, and is about three miles south of the bridge which 
connects Gardiner with Randolph. It has always been in the 
possession of the Colburn family. 

The plan of an expedition against Quebec by way of the 
Kennebec is said to have originated with General Washington. 
In the spring of 1775 he contracted with Reuben Colburn, 
a landowner and shipl)uilder in Gardinerston, as it was then 
called, for the building of two hundred bateaux. These were 
designed for the transportation of the troops and supplies beyond 



5200 SPRAGUE'S JOURxNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

the point to which the river was navigable for larger craft. The 
"bateaux were in readiness when Arnold reached Gardinerston, but 
he found their number inadequate to carrying his one thousand, 
one hundred men and the various articles which make up the 
baggage of an ai-niy. He decided that twenty more were necessary, 
and his delay of two days at Major Colburn's was to allow time for 
their construction. 

The afternoon selected for the unveiling of the tablet proved 
to be as pleasant as could be desired. A considerable number of 
spectators were present, and Honorable O. B. Clason presided with 
his customary ease and dignit}'. After a prayer by Reverend 
Robert S. Pinkham of Gardiner, and during the playing by the 
band of "The Star Spangled Banner," the flag which concealed 
the tablet was drawn aside by Miss Helen Averill Colburn, a great- 
great-granddaughter of the builder of the bateaux. The remaining 
exercises consisted of a historical paper by Francis W. Flitner of 
Boston, an address by Judge A. M. Spear of the S. J. Court, some 
memorial verses by Henry S. Webster of Gardiner, and remarks by 
Mrs. Wm. C. Robinson of North Anson, State Regent of the 
Daughters of the American Revolution. Mr. Webster's verses are 
here given entire. 

BENEDICT ARNOLD-1775. 

What visions rose on Arnold's gaze 

As here he stood, so long ago, 
And saw September's sober haze 

Melt in the sunset's crimson glow. 

The din of hammer, axe and saw 

Disturbs no more the peaceful air. 
And round their board the workmen draw, 

Glad of their coarse and humble fare. 

The banter and the noisy jest 

From man to man responsive leap ; 
But he, apart from all the rest. 

Was lost in contemplation deep. 

For well he knew what dangers lay 

Betwixt him and his distant goal. 
And the grim terrors of the way 

Might fill with awe the bravest soul. 

Amid that labyrinth of trees 

What savage foes may lurk unseen? 



A MASSACHUSETTS COLONIAL ORDINANCE 201 



What shapes of famine and disease 
May crouch behind yon leafy screen? 

But his was not a mind to bend 
Before the frowns of circumstance, 

Or rest supinely and perpend 
The doubtful reckonings of chance. 

The Kennebec whose stately tide 

Swept ever onward to the sea 
Bore not itself with lordlier pride 

Or more resolved intent than he. 

We honor them, those men of old. 

Who wrought and fought in Freedom's cause, 
To save for us a land controlled 

By manhood's rights and equal laws. 

We honor him, their youthful chief. 

For courage and for bold design. 
And round his brows a laurel leaf 

Our grateful hands may fitly twine. 

And if in some dark hour he err 
From the high vantage of his trust. 

Beneath Ambition's maddening spur. 
Or Envy's base, disheartening thrust, 

His recreance our lips will own 

With more of pity than of blame. 
While here on this memorial stone. 

We dare to blazon Arnold's name. 



A Massachusetts Colonial Ordinance That is 
the Law of Maine 

IJy the Editor 

From 1630 to 1686 the Massachusetts Colony chartered by 
the English Sovereign under the legal title of "The Governor and 
Company of Massachusetts Bay in New England," was governed 
by a Governor, a Deputy Governor and eighteen assistants, which 
was called the "Board of Assistants," but later came to be known 



202 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

as the "Court of Assistants.'' These were elected by the 
Company. They were empowered to make such laws as they 
desired for their settlers provided they did not violate the laws of 
England. 

Subsequently it was arranged so that two deputies were elected 
from each settlement to advise with this board or court. '"* At first 
the deputies sat in the same chamber with the assistants but later 
(1644) they were formed into a second chamber with increased 
powers. From this body has gradually developed the General 
Court or Legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 

In 1641 this body passed certain ordinances which were then 
known as the " Body of Liberties" but are generally referred to 
in history and by the courts as the "Colonial Ordinances.*' 

The liberty of women, of children, of servants, of foreigners, 
of strangers and of dumb beasts, was fully provided for, and the 
right of free speech within due and onlerly limits at public assem- 
blies. The 16th article of these " Libei'ties '" is as follows : 

Every inhabitant that is an howse holder shall have free fishing and 
fowling in any great ponds and Bayes, Coves and Rivers, so farr as the sea 
ebbs and flows within the presincts of the towne where they dwell, unlesse 
the free men of the same Towne or the Generall Court have otherwise 
appropriated them, provided that this shall not be extended to give leave to 
any man to come upon others proprietie without there leave. 

In 1647 this ordinance was amended, gi\ing the public the 
right to "pass and re-pass on foot through any man's property 
for that end so they trespass not upon an}' man's corn or 
meadow." The Courts of Massachusetts long ago held that this 
means that a "great pond" is a natural pond of more than ten 
acres in extent, and that it gave fishermen the right to approach such 
pond through unenclosed woodlands to whomsoever belonging, but 
not to cross another man's tillage or improved land. 

The Supreme Court of Massachusetts has repeatedly decided 
that this ordinance is tlie common law of that Common weal tli, but 
this question so far as it related to inland ponds was never brouglit 
directly liefore the Supreme Court of Maine until 1882, in the 
case of Barrows vs. McUermott, rei)orted in the 73 Me. 441. 
This was an action of trespass against the defendant for fishing on 

(a) The Beginnings of New England. P. 106. 



A MASSACHUSETTS COLONIAL OHDLXANCE 203 



re t*' 



f i'r 

S' £• 

ja (-(- -J 

^ a <T 
o c 

g' K :: 

ft <^ 5: 

(Tt- O ft 

O o 'S. 

'-• ^ :: 

'-! 3 O 

2 c 2 
o "^ >. 

00 c ^ 

Oi E Ci 

cc r3^ '-+5 

O (T 

o ^. re 

--^ == td 

O CO Q 







204 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

Grindstone Pond, in what was then the town of Howard ^ in 
Piscataquis County. The plaintiff owned a large tract of land 
adjoining this pond, so that the defendant, in going to and from 
the pond, passed over and through a cleared and cultivated piece 
of land, and the Court held that he had committed a technical 
trespass in going across this cleared land, but did not commit any 
trespass in fishing in the waters of Grindstone Pond. 

Thus the Supreme Court of Maine fully established the legal 
principle that as Maine was formerly a part of Massachusetts 
territory this ordinance is the common law of Maine, and must 
thus stand unless it is changed by legislative enactment. 

The above named case of Barrows vs McDermott besides 
establishing this legal principle was of considerable historical 
interest as well. 

The counsel ^ for the plaintiff in their argument said : 

"The defendant would invoke the colonial ordinance of 1647. The 
locus in quo was in 1641 and 1647, if subject to any European power, subject 
to the grants and control of the French government and not of the English. 
The territory of the town or township of Howard as will be seen by inspec- 
tion of any and all maps, is situated north of the parallel of the forty-fifth 
degree north latitude. Abbott's History of Maine, pp. 31, 106, 100, 101, 
208; British Dominion in America, book 3d. part 2d. , p. 246; Address of 
Ex-Governor J. L. Chamberlain, at the Centennial Exposition, at Phila- 
delphia, November 4, 1876, and in Convention of the Legislature of Maine, 
February 6, 1877, found in the published volume of the acts and resolves of 
the legislature of Maine, A. D. 1877, 269, 288; Hazard's Collection, vol. 
1, 442 ; Goodrich's History of the United States, edition of 1849, page 47 ; 
Holmes' American Annals, vol. 1, p. 301 ; Hubbard's History of New 
England, p. 133 ; Summary of British Settlements in North America by 
William Douglass, vol. 1, 332, 389; Willis' History of Portland, 222; 
Williamson's History, vol. II, 10 ; I Hazard's Historical Collections 105, 
111 ; Plymouth Colonial Laws, (ed. 1836,) 3-10, cited in note appended to 
Commonwealth vs Roxbury, 9 Gray, 503 ; Laws of Massachusetts, published 
1807, vol. 2, page 969." 

The court in an opinion by Mr. Justice Barrows after referring to 
the position of the defendant said : "The plaintiff's counsel strikes at the 
root of this defence in an elaborate effort, exhibiting not a little historical 
research, to show that those who framed this ordinance had no jurisdiction 
over the locus, and that it never was law for such portion of this State as 
falls within the limits of the ancient Acadia. 



(a) Now Willimantic. 

(b) The counsel in this case were the late Augustus G. Lebroke and 
Willis E. Parsons for the plaintiff, and John F. Spragiie and Henry Hudson 
for the defendant. 



A MASSACHUSETTS COLONIAL ORDLNANCE 205 



"It may well be that the oi'dinance has no force by virtue of positive 
enactment by any legislative body having jurisdiction at the time of such 
enactment over what is now the county of Piscataquis, and that its opera- 
tion has never been extended there by any specific act of legislation since ; 
and it is quite true that when under the charter of William and Mary, the 
great and general court of Assembly of the Province, in 1692, acting for the 
three united colonies of Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, and Maine, 
re-enacted ' all the local laws respectively ordered and made by the late 
governor and company of the Massachusetts Bay and the late government 
of New Plymouth,' it was done on such terms that they continued in force 
only ' in the respective places for which they were made and used ' so that 
the ordinance under consideration was never in terms extended to the 
Plymouth colony or to Maine under any legislative sanction. See Anc. 
Charters, etc., pp. 213, 229. 

"But it has been so often and so fully recognized by the Courts both 
in this State and in Massachusetts as a familiar part of the common law of 
both, throughout their entire extent, without regard to its source or its 
limited original force as a piece of legislation for the colony of Massa- 
chusetts Bay, that we could not but regard it as a piece of judicial legisla- 
tion to do away with any part of it or to fail to give it its due force through- 
out the State until it shall have been changed by the proper law making 
power. When a statute or ordinance has thus become part of the common 
law of a State it must be regarded as adopted in its entirety and through- 
out the entire jurisdiction of the court declaring its adoption. Barker v. 
Bates, 13, Pick. 255 ; Commonwealth v. Alger, 7 Cush. 53, 76, 79. 

"It is not adopted solely at the discretion of the court declaring its 
adoption, but because the court find that it has been so largely accepted and 
acted on by the community as law that it would be fraught with mischief to 
set it aside." 



The JoniXAL acknowledges the courtesy of Honorable Charles- 
F. Johnson, Senior Senator in tlie Ignited States Senate from 
Maine, for a copy of the "Memorial Addresses " delivered in the 
Senate and House of Representatives on ^^'illiam Pierce Frye, late 
a Senator from Maine. 

On this occasion addresses were delivered in the Senate by 
Senators Johnson of Maine, Lodj;e of Massachusetts, Racon of 
Georgia, Gallinger of New Hampshire, Rurton of Ohio, Simmons 
of North Carolina, Nelson of Minnesota, Perkins of California 
and Gardner of Maine, and in the House by Representatives 



^06 SrilAGlTE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 

McGillicuddy, (iuernse}-, Gould and Hinds of Maine, Stevens of 

Minnesota and Cullup of Indianna. 

In his able address on Senatoi- Frve, which evidenced historical 

research, Senator Johnson said : 

"His ancestry was of good old English stock, which emigrated from 
the county of Hants, England, in 1654 to the Massachusetts Colony, and 
some of whose descendants found a home in Maine. His great-great- 
grandfather. General Joseph Frye, was a colonel in the English Army, and 
fought in the French and Indian Wars, and afterwards became a general 
in the American Army in the Revolutionary War, and for his services was 
awarded a township of land near the New Hampshire boundary, which was 
named after him, Fryeburg, where there is now a pretty, prosperous 
village of that name. His father. Colonel John M. Frye, was one of the 
early settlers of Lewiston, now a busy manufacturing city on the banks of 
the Androscoggin River, whose splendid water power has been the city's 
source of growth. Here Mr. FRYE was born September 2, 1831. He 
graduated from Bowdoin College in 1850, where he had as associates late 
Chief Justice Melville W. Fuller, General O. O. Howard, and General 
Joshua L. Chamberlain. In his college course there was nothing to mark 
him as a precocious youth or to forecast his eminent career, as he had not 
then bent himself to the serious purposes of life and was fond of sport ; 
but he had then the power of making friends and keeping them." 



The End of Volume One 

Wishini>- you all a "Happy New Year" we announce that 
this number of the Jofknal completes Volume One. As we stated 
in our first issue the publication of a maoaziue devoted entirely 
to a study and review of Maine histoi-y, was in the writer's judg- 
ment wholly an experiment. The results, however, are satis- 
factory and have exceeded our most sanguine anticipations. The 
JouuxAi.'s subscri})tion list is constantly increasing, and one of 
the most i)leasing features of the undertaking is that the subscrib- 
ers, coming from every walk of life, as they do, are invariabl}' 
among the leading and most influential citizens of the communi- 
ties where they reside. Were it good taste to publish these names 
the i-eader would discover among I hem some of the largest and 
most wealthy employers of labor in Maine as well as some of their 
bright and intelligent employees ; men holding high political 
oHices, men engaged in extensixe trailic. men eminent in the pro- 
fessions as well as men who I'un fai'ms and liotels. who preside 
over courts of justice, execute the laws. go\erii the commonwealth 
and regulate the commonweal ; men wlio liared to freely offer 
their lives when theii" country was in danger and for what the}' 
beliexed to be I'ight in the nineteenth centuiy, as well as men and 
women who dare to stand for what they conceive to be right in the 
twentieth centurv. In fact the list would disclose the names of 



THE END OF VOLUME ONE 



207 



men and women in Maine who mould the thought, teach the youth 
and do all things which make up the history of today that will be 
invaluable to the historical student of tomorrow. But the reader 
should not in this wise infer that the subscribers to the Journal 
are confined to Maine people. We already have them among 
individuals and public libraries in more than three-fourths of the 
States of the Union, as well as in the Dominion of Canada. 

We have fully demonstrated the fact that there is in each 
communit}' a certain per cent, of the inhabitants who are greatly 
interested in the history of Maine. This portion may be small as 
compared with the number who are more concerned in religion, 
politics, sport, fiction, the sciences, etc. But yet they do exist 
even in the remotest plantations and backwoods settlements. To 
discover all such and attract their attention to the work of the 
Journal is a part of its mission. 

We desire to thank all of our friends who have so cordially 
aided us thus far in this little, though important, enterprise. 

Our final word to one and all is, whenever you can con- 
sistently do so, speak a good word for the work in which we are 
engaged, as this will aid us with the general public and our adver- 
isers also. 



New Mount Kineo House and Annex 

A-Ioosohead Lako, KInco, IVlaino. 

In the Centre of the Great Wilderness on a Peninsula Under the 
Shadow of Mount Kineo. 

On the East side of the most beautiful lake in New England, forty 
miles long and twenty miles wide, dotted with islands, and with hundreds 
of smaller lakes and streams in easy proximity, in the midst of some of 
the grandest scenery in America, is the 

NEW MOUNT KINEO HOUSE and Annex 

recently remodeled and with many improvements added; making it second to none for 
comfort, convenience and recreation. 

It is a Palace in the Maine vi^oods and in the heart of the great game region. 

This region leads all others for trout and salmon. Spring and Summer fishing. The 
new ANNEX opens May 9th and closes October 15th. 

The NEW MOUNT KINEO HOUSE opens June 25th, remaining 
open to September 25th. 

WRITE FOR ILLUSTRATED BOOKLET, 

containing full description of its attractions for health and pleasure during the Summer 
season. First-class transportation facilities offered during the seasons. 



Ricker Hotel Company, 



Kineo, Maine 



C-. A. .ll'I»KIX<-», Miiii»{«c>i>. 



208 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 




The former home of Sir William Pepperell. now standing in the town of 
Kittery. Maine 



Bangor, Maine, Novenil^er 28, 1913. 
To the Editor of Spi"aoue"s Journal of Maine History. 

May I suggest that if you should make any corrections at the 
end of your first yolume that you change the spelling of Sewell to 
Sewall, this name occurring twice on page 138 of the fourth 
number. I think if you look at the newspaper article you will 
find that the name was spelled Se\^'all ; and that is the way that 
this fsimily spell the name. 

Mr. Joseph W. Porter was my father, and my sister and I 
feel very grateful to you for putting these Wayfarer articles in a 
more enduring form. 

Wishing you success in your undertaking, I am, 

Yours truly, 

R lion A J. POUTKU. 



Hox. Bkutram L. S.MrrH of Patten, Maine, in renewing his 
subscription to the JoriiNAL, says: 

"I wish you every good wish for the New Year. I enjoy 
3'^our JoiRXAi, very much. 

Bertram L. S.MrrH." 



INDEX 



209 



INDEX— Vol. I 



Abbot, 27-196. 
Abbot Soldiers, 30. 
Abeneques, The, 49. 
Acadia, 20-204. 
Origin of name, 198. 
Adams, 

Abigail, 29. 

Eliashib, 71-187. 

John 29-37-176. 

John, Diary of, 176. 

John Quincy. 39-138. 

Moses, 4. 

Samuel, 132. 

Capt. Silas, 24. 

Thomas. 71-187. 
Advertisers, A Word to, 172. 
Agoucy, 17. 
Albee, John, 28. 
Alden, Capt. John, Jr., 67. 
Algonquins, 49-50. 
Allan, Col. John, 184-197. 
Allen, A., 38. 

Miss Martha, 69. 
Almond, 47. 

Along the Old Savage Road, 145. 
American Advocate, 169. 

History, Journal of, 157-175. 

American Names, 33. 

Odd Fellowship, 86. 
Anderson, H. J., 39. 
Andros, Gov., 157. 
Anti-Slavery Movement in Maine, 
Appleton, Gen., 39. 

J. W., 39. 
Aroostook War, The, 140. 

E.xpense of, 143. 

Soldiers of, 142. 

Where begins, 121. 
Arnold, Gen. Benedict, 79-197-199. 

Expedition to Quebec, 199. 
Poem, 200. 

Tablet in Pittston, 199. 
Ashmun, Rev. Jehudi, 71-72. 
Asticou, 67. 
Atkinson, 32. 
Atus, London, 178. 
Aubrey, Fr. Joseph, 68. 
Averill, Alice, 30. 
Avery, Capt. Robert, 180-181. 



B 



Backwoods Sketches, 47. 
Bagaduce River, 18. 
Baggadoose, 18. 
Bailey, 

Mrs. Abigail, 68-138. 

Rev. Kiah, 68-69-70-140. 

Bangor, 36-56-66. 
Bridge, 59. 



Bangor, First Lawyer in, 186. 
First Sabbath School, 69. 
Historical Magazine. 66. 
Historical Society, 32. 
House, 136. 
Incorporated, 35. 
Notes on Early Settlement, 33. 
Theological Seminary. 68-136-185. 

Buildings Erected, 137. 

Collection of Funds, 138. 

First Graduating Class, 137. 

First Officers, 70. 

First Trustees. 139-185. 

Incorporated, 69. 

Moved to Bangor, 71. 

Organized, 70. 

Subscriptions for, 71. 

Barbour. Charles, 39. 

Bar Harbor, 67. 

Barnard, Sarah, 191. 

Barnstable, Mass., 14. 

Barrows vs. McDermott, Extracts from, 204. 

Bartlett, Orrin, 30. 

Bartlett, Thomas, Jr., 143. 

Barton, Joel, Poem by, 33. 

Bashaba, The Indian, 47. 

Baxter, James P., 28. 

Baxter Manuscripts, 193. 

Bayley, Joshua, Jr., Letter of, 168. 

Beal, Ebenezer, 182. 

Belknap's Biography, 48. 

Bent, Margaret, 29. 

Berry, John, 181. 

Bessabez, 56-64. 

Bewel, Thomas, 182. 

Biard, Fr. Pierre, 66-67. 

Biddeford, 3. 

Biddeford Lands, Deposition Relating to. 193. 

Bigayduce, Major, 18. 

Biguyduce (Poem) 144. 

Billings, 

Caleb F., 143. 

Daniel, 143. 
Bingham Purchase, The, 6. 
Births and Deaths, Monson, 22-52-165. 
Births, First in Bangor, 34. 
Black, Col. John. 6. 
Blood, Rev. Mighill, 69-71-185. 
Boardman, Samuel I-., 66. 
Bohanan, John, 182. 
Bolton, Ethel S., 28. 
Book Buying, On, 124. 
Booker, W. S., 143. 

Boston, 

Committee of Correspondence, 132. 

Frigate, 37. 

Town Meeting, 131. 
"Boston Port Bill," 160-164. 
Bowdoin College, 185. 
Bowdoinham, History of, 24. 
Bowman, Dr. Nathaniel, 16. 

Boyd, 
Ebenezer, 43-46. 



210 SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



Boyd, Frances, 46. 

James. 43. 

John P. 

Letter of, 44. 
Will of, 46. 

John Parker and Judge Henry Orne, 43-131. 

Joseph, 43-46. 

Lake, 133-136. 

Robert, 43-46. 

Susannah, 43. 

Wallace, 46. 
Boyd's Plantation, 43-45-47. 
Boynton, John, 27. 

Hon. Leslie, 36. 
Bremen, 36-38. 
Bristol, 38. 
British Royalists, 8. 
Brockway's Mills, 196. 
Brooksville, 18. 
Brown, 

Daniel, 143. 

Francis, Rev., 69. 

Jonathan. 181. 

Simeon, 181. 

William, 143. 
Bucksport Narrows, 58-65. 
Bullman, Dr., 149. 
Burnet, Simon, 143. 
Burnhanr-. Tavern, Machias, 2-163. 
Burr, Samuel, 143. 
Buswell, Jacob, 34. 
Butters, 

Horace, 143. 

Lorenzo D., 143. 
Buzzell, D. L., 142. 
Byram, Erastus, 31. 



Cabahis, 64. 

Campbell, Mrs. Josephine O'Brien, 183. 

Carr, 

Francis, 35. 

James, 35. 

Joseph, 35. 
Carter, Clark, 145. 
Castin, The Younger, 35-144. 
Castine. 4-18-35-65-67. 
Catholic, 

Church, Early History in Eastern Maine, 66. 

Church History, 168. 

First at Old Town, 67. 

Historical Magazine, Maine, 167. 

Society, Maine, 168. 
Cemeteries, 13-31. 
Centennial Celebrations, 3-28-32. 
Centennial, First Cong. Church, Ellsworth, 3. 
Chamberlain, 

George W., 28. 

Gen. Joshua L., 206. 

Joshua, Jr., 142. 

Luther, 143. 
ChampJain, 33-35-56-66. 

Translation From, 56. 
Champlain's Visit to the Penobscot, 56. 
Chandler, 

Charles P., 95. 

Judah, 181. 
Chandler's River, 179. 



Chapman, Nathaniel, 137. 
Charles H, 19. 
Charles River, 21. 
Chase, 

Daniel, 142-143. 

John C, 28. 

Thomas H., 142. 
Chebucto, N. S., 67. 
Cheever, Ebenezer, 71-72. 
Cheeshahteaumuck, Caleb, 76. 
Chloe, 17. 
Church, Capt., 27. 
Clergyman, First in Maine, 5. 
Clifford, 

Joseph, 181. 

Nathan, 39. 
Cobb, Gen. David, 189-191. 
Coburn, Alpheus, 142. 
Codman, Rev. John, 9. 
Coffin, 

Rev. Paul, 43. 

Tristram, 43. 
Colburn, Reuben, 199. 
Cole, James, 181. 
Colonial Ordinance, A, 201. 
Congregationalism, Evolution of, 12-13. 
Converse, Maj. James, 67. 
Cony, 

Anna, 151. 

Daniel, 169. 

John, 151. 
Coolbroth, James, 181. 
Coran, Thomas, 20-21. 
Corson, John, 30. 
Crediford, Nathaniel, 181. 
Crockett, 

Americus, 30. 

Samuel E.. 155-156. 

Samuel R., 155. 
Cromwell, 8. 

Protectorate, 11. 
Crosby, Gen. John, 70. 

Simon, 34. 
Cross, William, 142. 
Crowell, Harrison M., 143. 
Crowne, 

John, 18. 

William, 18-19-20. 
Crowne's Point, 19. 
Cunningham, Henry W., 142. 
Gushing, Col., 78. 
Cushman, Rev. David I., 69. 
Cyrus, The, 183. 



D 



D. A. R., 30. 
D'Aulney, 18-35-144. 
Dalryniple, Capt. Alexander, 78. 
Damariscotta, 49. 
Danforth, 

Isaac, 72. 

Judge Thomas, 150. 
Davee, Thomas, 39. 
Davenport, Isaac, 138. 
Davis, Elias, 31. 



INDEX 



211 



Day, Holman, 196. 
Deane, Mr., 4. 
John G., 4-5-6. 
Dr., 9. 

Llewellyn, 5. 
Deaths, Births and, Monson, 22-52-165. 
Deering. 

Henry, 28. 
DeMonts, 33-35. 
Dennett, 
Jacob, 34. 
Oliver, 39. 
Dexter, 196. 
Diligence, The, 183. 
Diligent, The, 183. 
Dinah, A Slave, 17. 
Dole, Deacon Eben, 38-39. 
Dolloff, William, 31. 
Dorset, Eng., 11. 
Douty, Calvin S., 143. 
Dover, 32. 
Dow, 

Asa, 143. 

Josiah, 39. 

Neal, 39. 
Drew, Benjamin, 142. 
Drisko, John, Jr., 181. 
Drummond, James, 35. 
Dummer, Jeremiah, 20. 
Dumont, Hon. J. T. P., 142. 
Dunning, 

Charles T., 143. 

Ira, 137. 

John, 142. 
Dutton, 

Jesse, 4. 

Samuel, 35. 

Samuel E., 69-70-71-186. 

Thomas J., 30. 

E 

Earle, Richard, 182. 

Eckstorm, Fannie Hardy, 56-73-198. 

Writings of, 76. 
Eddington, 79. 
Edes, 

Isaac, 31. 

John M., 31. 

Samuel D., 169. 
Editorial, 25-73-118-145-194, 206. 
Ellery, 

Lucy, 151. 

Capt. William, 151. 

Elizabeth A.. 151. 
Ellinwood, Rev. John W., 187. 
Elliott, 

Apostle, 27-76. 

John, 76. 

Sherburn W., 95. 
Elliottsville, 146. 
Ellis, William, 31. 
Ellsworth, 

Early History of, 4-5. 

Early Settlers, 3. 

Early Settlers, Descriptive, 7. 
Emerson, William. 35. 
Emery, 

Henry Crosby, 7. 

Thomas. 143. 



Encampment, I. O. O. F.. 86. 
Episcopal Religion, 11. 
Etechemins, The, 49. 
Evans, 

George, 39. 

Listen P., 24-32. 
Everett, Charles A., 95. 

F 

Fairfield, Gov., 141-142. 
Falmouth, 3-5-144. 
Farrar, Josiah, 31. 
Farwell, Mrs. Adelaide, 30. 
Fellows, Raymond, 28. 
Fenalson, Wallace, 181. 
Ferderson, Nathaniel, 182. 
Fessenden, Samuel, 39. 
Fisher, Rev. Jonathan, 186. 
Fiske, John, 11. 
Flint, Charles, 30. 
Flynt, D. D., 27. 
Fogg, 

Hiram, 138. 

Hiram Hayes, 138. 

William, 138. 
Folsom, 

Abigail, 170. 

Clara, 170. 

Dorcas, 170. 

Jackson, 170. 

John Jackson, 170. 

John Philbrick, 170. 

Samuel C, 170. 
Ford, 

Abigail, 34. 

John, 143. 
Fort Halifax, 130. 
Fort Point, 35. 

Ledge, 58. 
Fort Pownal, 34-35. 
Foss, Benjamin, 182. 
Foster 

Benjamin, 158-159-163-177-183. 

Rev. E. B., 155. 

Ezekiel, 181, 

Isaiah, 158. 

Wooden, 159. 
Fowler, Rev. Bancroft, 72. 
Foxcroft, 28-150. 

Abigail, 156. 

Abigail Catherine Mary, 155-156. 

Abigail Hammond, 155-156. 

Anna, 151. 

Daniel, 150. 

Elizabeth, 150-156. 

Francis, 150-151. 

Hannah, 151-155-156. 

Joseph EUery, Sketch of, 150. 

Military Record of, 153. 
Joseph Ellery, Jr., 155-156. 
Lucy, 151-156. 
Martha, 156. 
Robert. 150. 
Salome, 156. 
Samuel, 155-156. 
Rev. Samuel, 151-156. 
Sarah, 156. 
School Lot, 153. 
Rev. Thomas, 151. 
Fry, Col. Joseph, 188. 



212 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



Frye, 

Col. John M., 206. 

Gen. Joseph, 206. 

Sen. William Piez-ce, Memorial Addresses, 
205. 
Fuller, H. W., 145. 

Chief Justice, Melville W., 206. 
Fullerstown, 145-146. 
Furber, Thomas, 143. 



H 



G 



Gallatin, Albert, 189. 

Ganong-, Prof. W. F., Letter of, 65. 

Gardiner, R., 38. 

Gardinerston, 199. 

Garland, History of, 24. 

Gaulin, Fr., 67. 

Gerrish, Col. Jacob, 78. 

Gerry, 

Elbridg-e, 131-132-135. 

Jeremiah, 131. 

Sarah, 132. 

Thomas, 132. 
Getchell, 

Elizabeth T., 30. 

Joseph, 181-182. 
Gibson, Richard, 5-26. 
Gillett, Rev. Eliphalet, 69-70-185. 
Gilman, 

Allen, 35-186. 

Andrevir, 34. 

S. K., 39. 
Glass, 

Consider, 31. 

Ezekiel, 31. 
Glenburn, 186. 
Godfrey, Judge, 58-60. 
Goldthwaite, Thomas, 34-188. 
Good Roads, 197. 
Goodwin, 

James J., 28. 

John A., 9. 
Gorges, 

Fernando, 11-27. 

Mentioned, 8. 
Gorham, 

Academy, 14. 

First Parish Meeting House, 16. 

Temperance, 15. 

Tombstones, Inscriptions From, 13. 

Hon. William, 14-15. 
Graves, Admiral, 160-182. 
Gray, Nathaniel, 95. 
Great Ponds, Law Regarding, 202. 
Great Works. 64. 
Greeley, William, 31. 
Greenleaf, 
Dorcas, 170. 

Eben P., 95. 

Hannah, 170. 

Rev. Jonathan, 68. 

Joshua, 170. 
Greenshaw, William P., 28. 
Greenville, 145-146. 
Greenwood, Alexander, 145. 
Grover, Zebulon P., 31. 
Guernsey, Hon. Frank E., 167. 

Samuel J., 167. 



Haines, Hon. William T., 197. 
Hale, Hon. Clarence, Address by, 3. 
Halifa.x, Fort, 130. 
Hall, John, 181. 
Hallowell, 38-169. 
Hamblen, Jacob, 13. 
Hamlin, Dr. A. C, 140. 
Hammond, Abigail, 155. 
Hampden, 70. 

Academy, 71. 
Hancock, John, 132. 
Hannibal, The. 184. 
Harding, 

David, 14. 

Temperance, 14. 
Harmon, Col., 149. 
Harthorn, 

Hannah, 34. 

Silas, 34. 

Solomon, 34. 
Harvard College, 9. 
Hayes, 

Charles W.. 29-150. 

Dr. Jacob, 138. 

Mrs. Lola B., 30. 

Rev. Samuel W., 138. 
Heath, Capt., 33. 
Henry, Capt. William, 79. 
Herbert, 

George, 4. 

Dr. John, 34. 
Hill, Obediah, 181. 
Hills, Williams., 28. 
Hines Pond, 64. 
Historical Societies, 32-168. 
Hoit, Elias, 181. 
Holland, Park, 189. 
Holmes, 

Herbert Edgar, 24. 

O. W., Letter of, 55. 
Holyoke, Jacob, 61. 
Horton, Capt., 160. 
Howard, 

Mary, 34. 

Gen. O. O., 206. 

Thomas, 34. 
Hughes, Josephine W., 30. 
Hunt, Thomas, 142. 
Hussey, Franklin, 143. 
Hutchinson., Gov., 148. 



. O. O. F., 
Canton Kineo, No. 6, Patriarchs Militant, 

111. 
Dirigo Lodge, No. 63, 96. 
Eldorado Encampment, No. 20, 99. 
First Officers of Maine Grand Lodge, 92. 

Encampment, 93. 
Good Cheer Lodge, No. 37, 101. 
Golden Link Rebekah Lodge. No. 37, 106. 
Homes, 89. 

Katahdin Lodge, No. 29, 94. 
Kineo Lodge, No. 64. 97. 
Lakeside Rebekah Lodge, No. 116, 109. 



INDEX 



213 



I. O. O. F., Maine Grand Lodge, 92. 
Encampment, 92. 
Moosehead Encampment, No. 51, 108. 
New Ensland I.odjre, No. 125, 107. 
North Star Rebekah Lodge, No. 38, 106. 
Onaway Lodge, No. 106, 103. 
Orion Rebekah Lodge, No. 16, 102. 
Present Oflices, Maine Grand Encamp- 
ment, 94. 
Lodge. 93. 
Stated Meetings of Branches in Piscataquis 

County, 116-117. 
Silver Lake Encampment, No. 30, 113. 
Washington Encampment, No. 56, 110. 
Indian, 
Bashaba, The, 47. 
Remains of, 167-192. 
Village on Kenduskeag, 59-60. 

Indians, 
Education of, 76. 
Prehistoric of Maine, 192. 

Isle au Haulte, 58-59-65. 
Haut, 58. 



J 



Jackson, Abraham, 137. 
Jacques, Richard, 149. 
Jarvis, Charles, 4-141-142. 
Jefferson, Thomas, 190. 
Jellerson, Elizabeth, 5. 
Jenks, Rev. William, 69-185. 
Jersey, The Prison Ship, 184. 
Jewett, Capt. David, 79. 
Johnson, 

Sen. Charles P., Address of, 206. 

Thomas, 152. 
Jones, 

Elijah, 137. 

Capt. Ichabod, 159-160-163-175-182-183-188. 

Lydia, 187. 

Noah, 188. 

Polly, 191. 

Sally, 191. 

Sarah Barnard, 191. 

Stephen, 176-187. 
Letter to Gen. Putnam, 190. 
Park Holland's visit to, 189. 

Capt. Stephen, 187. 

Stephen J., 191. 

Sukev Coffin, 191. 

Theodore, 3. 

William, 169. 
Jordan, 

Dominicus, 5. 

Fritz H., 5. 

Melatiah, 3-5-11. 

Rev. Robert, 5. 

Sally, 5. 

Samuel, 5. 
Journal of American History, 157-175. 
Judkins, Jedediah, 142. 

Justice of Peace, First East of the Penobscot, 
187. 



Kadesjuit, 67. 

Kadesquit, 58. 

Kellogg, Rev. Elijah, 10-152. 

Kenduskeag River, 33-34-35-58-59-61. 



Kennebec, 

The, 33. 

County Officers, 169. 
Kilmarnock, 44. 
Kingsbury, Sanford, 169. 
Kittery, 159. 
Knight, Jonathan, 182. 
Knowlton, Isaiah, 80. 
Knowlton's Mills, 80. 
Knox, Gen., 149. 



Labree, Isaac, 158. 

Land Speculation in Maine, 132. 

La Tour, 

Sir Charles, 18-144-157. 

Claude, 157. 
Laughton, Sumner, 95. 
Laverjat, Fr. Pierre, 68. 
Law of Maine, and Old, 201. 
Leeman, Jacob, Jr., 30. 
Lesuer, Fr. Francois E., 68. 
Levant, 76. 

Lexington of the Seas, The, 157-175. 
Libbee, 

Joseph, 181. 

Josiah, 181. 
"Liberty Oak," Bangor, 60. 
Liberty Pole at Machias, The, 163-175. 
Lincolnshire, England, 11. 
Little, Rev. Daniel, 35-60. 
Little Vincent, The, 183. 
Littlefield, Capt. John, 149. 
Longfellow, 

Patience, 15. 

Col. Samuel, 15. 

Hon. Stephen, 15. 

The Poet, 15. 
Loomis, Rev. Harvey, 185. 
Louisburg, 149-177. 
Lovejoy, Rev. Daniel, 186. 
Lowell, 

Joshua A., 39. 

Samuel H., 30. 
Lyman, 

Rev. Asa, 69-185. 

Rev. Isaac, 148. 
Lyon, Rev. James, 159-177-182. 



M 



McAllister, S. B., 143. 
McGaw, Mrs. Jacob, 69. 
Mclntire, Rufus, 141. 
McKennie, Wallis, 143. 
McLellan, William, 17. 
McNeil, 

John, 181. 

Richard, 181. 

William, 182. 
Mace, Benjamin H., 156. 



214 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



Machias, 157-158. 
Liberty, The. 183. 
Liberty Pole, 163-175. 
Naval Battle, Causes, 164-175-176. 
Naval Battle at, 157-175. 
Old Burnham Tavern at, 2-163. 
Rangers, The, 184. 
River, 18-157. 
Settlement of, 158. 

Mackelson, William, 182. 
Macomber, Adams, 143. 
Magoon, Fred, 168. 
Maine, 

An Old Law of, 201. 

Books, 24 

Catholic Historical, 
Magazine, 167. 
Society, 168. 

Charity School, 69. 

Early Newspaper, 169. 

I. O. O. F., Grand Encampment, 92. 
Lodge, 92. 

Land Speculation, 132. 

Odd Fellowship in, 91. 

Pre-historic Indians of, 192. 

Red-paint People of, 192. 

Maja-bagaduce, 18. 
"Makers of Maine," 24. 
Manchester Unity, The, 85. 
Mansell, Joseph, 34. 
Marble, 

David, 145. 

Eben, 145. 
Marblehead, Mass., 131-132. 
Marche-bagaduce, 18-39. 

Margaretta, The. 2-180-181-183-161-163-175-179. 
Marsh, Shubal, 156. 
Marshall, Frank D., 148. 
Martin, Sarah L., 30. 

William, 152. 
Massachusetts Bay, 8-11. 

Colonial Ordinance, A, 201. 
Masse, Fr. Enemond, 66-67. 
Matchebignatus, 18-39. 
Mather, Increase, 9. 
Mavooshen, 50. 
Maxim, 

Harriet Boston, 196. 

Sir Hiram, 27-196-197. 
Birthplace of, 196. 

Isaac, 27-196-197. 
Mayberry, Elder, 1^9. 
Mayflower. The, 14. 
Medford. 43-44-45. 
Medoctic, N. B., 68. 
Merrick Hall, Dover, 98. 
Merrill, 

Abbie Foxcroft, 155. 

Frank H.. 156. 

Rev. Geo. A., 29. 

Rev. Horatio, 155. 

Joseph Foxcroft, 156. 

Louise Foxcroft, 156. 
Merrimack River, 21. 
Merritt, John, 181. 
Meservey, Daniel, 182. 
Micmacs, The, 49. 
Milo, 32. 
Milton, 47-133. 
Mispecka, 178. 



Mitchell, 

Dr. Ammi R.. 69-185. 

Rev. David, 186. 

John, 182. 
Molly Molasses, 60. 
Monson, Town of, 32-145-146. 

Vital Statistics of, 22-52-165. 
Moor, Maj. Samuel, 70. 
Moore, Capt., 163-175-178-181. 
Moorehead, Prof. Warren K., 192. 
Moosehead Lake, 145. 
More, 

James, 193. 

Wyat, 193. 
Moriarty, Geo. A., 28. 
Morris, Robert, 37. 
Morrison, H. G. O., 95. 
Morse, Mrs. John Alden, 30. 
Moulton, Capt. Johnson, 148. 
Mount Desert, 56-58-67. 
Murch. 

John, 193. 

William, 193. 
Murray, Abbie Crocker, 155. 
Musconcus River, 18. 



N 



Names of Places in Maine, 33. 

Negue, 19. 

N. E. Genealogical Society, Officers, 28. 

New Gloucester, 151-152. 

Newspaper, Early Maine, 169. 

Newton, Prof. C, 39. 

Nichols, Mr.. 9. 

Noble, Col., 187. 

Noble, Rev. Seth. 34-35-60-189. 

Norridgewock, 149. 

Norton, Seth, 181. 

Norombega, 18-144. 

Norumbegue, 18. 

Notes and Fragments, 26-74-167-196. 

Nova Scotia, 18-19-20. 

Nutt, Capt. John, 132. 

Nye, Alvin. 143. 



o 



Oak. 

Henry L., 24. 
Lyndon. 24. 
Oakes. 

Mary. 29. 

Nathaniel. 29. 

Col. William. 29. 

William Pitt. 29. 
O'Brien. 

Dennis, 181. 

Gideon, 163-181. 

Capt. Jeremiah, 2-179-181-182-183-184. 

John, 178-180-181-184. 

Joseph, 181-184. 

Morris, 158-163-177-182. 

William, 181. 
O'Brien's Brook, 177. 
Odd Fellowship in Maine, 91. 

In Piscataquis County, 85-94. 



INDEX 



215 



Odd Fellowship, American, 86. 

An Example of, 90. 

Benefits paid, 91. 

Early Opposition to, 87. 

Encampments, 86. 

Field of Labor of, 89. 

Growth of, 88. 

History of. 28. 

Lessons of, 89. 

Our Fraternity, 113. 

Patriarchs Militant, 87. 

Permanency of, 89. 

Rebekah Lodges, 87. 
Odd Fellows' Homes, 89. 
Odem's Ledge, 58-59-62-63-64-65. 
Old Savage Road, Along the, 145. 
Old Town, 67-68. 
Old Town's First Church, 67. 
Orne, 

Col. Azor, 131-132-134. 

Judge Henry, 
Holman Day's Sketch of, 135. 
Obituary. 134. 

Judge Henry and John Parker Boyd, 43-131. 

Joshua. 131-132. 
Orneville. 

Derivation of name, 131. 

Judge Orne's Manor at, 133. 

Original Proprietors of, 43-131. 

Results of Land Speculation in, 133. 
Otis, James, 132. 
Ownership, Statement of, 147. 



Packard, Timothy, 146. 
Page, Jere, 143. 
Palmer, Mrs. Etta B., 30. 
Parker, 

Isaac, 152. 

Rev. Wooster, 39. 
Parkman, 32. 
Parris, Virgie D., 39. 
Parrott, William P., 142. 
Parsons, 

Job, 143. 

Hon. Willis E., 28-29-73-85. 
Passadumkeag, 68. 
Passawamske, 68. 
Patriarchs Militant, 87. 
Patten, 

Amos, 35. 

Moses, 35. 
Payson, Edward, 9-10-69-70-186. 

Sermons, 10. 
Peabody Museum, 167. 
Peimtgouet, 56. 
Pemaquid, 18-48-49. 
Pendexter, Henry, 193. 
Penjejowock Stream, 34. 
Penobscot, 

Champlain's Visit to the, 56. 

Colonial, Notes on, 17. 

First Justice of Peace East of, 187. 

River, 33-34-66-68-71-157. 

Town of, 18-35. 
Pentagoet. 18-67-68-144. 
Pepperell, Sir William, 148-158. 
Perkins, 

Dr. John Carroll, 8. 



Peters, 

Andrew, 5. 

John, Jr., 4. 
Philbrick, Thomas, 74. 
Philbrook, 

Angelia (Coffin), 74. 

Luthar G., 74. 

Judge Warren C, 74. 
Phillip, King, Son of, 27. 
Phinney, Edmund, 16. 
Pike, Daniel, 187. 
Pilgrim Fathers, 14. 
Pilgrims, 11. 

Piscataquis Historical Society, 32-77-150-198. 

Observer, 27-134-196. 
Piscataquis County, 

Odd Fellowship in, 85-94. 

Revolutionary Soldiers, 77. 
Piscataquis County Cantons Patriarchs Mili- 
tant, 

Canton Kineo No. 6, 111. 

Piscataquis County Encampments L O. Oi F. 

Eldorado No. 20, 99. 

Moosehead No. 51. 108. 

Washington No. 56, 110. 
Piscataquis County Lodges, L O. O. F. 

Dirigo No. 63. 96. 

Good Cheer No. 37, 101. 

Katahdin No. 29, 94. 

Kineo No. 64, 97. 

Nev.- England No. 125, 107. 

Onaway No. 106, 108. 
Piscataquis County Rebekah Lodges, 

Golden Link No. 37. 106. 

Lakeside No. 116, 109. 

Orion No. 16, 102. 

North Star No. 38, 106. 

Wenonah No. 11, 104. 
Piscataway Harbor, 11. 
Pittston. 199. 

Plaisted, Hon. Frederick, 197. 
Pleasant River. 178. 
Poems, 

Benedict Arnold, 200. 

Biguyduce, 144. 

Maine Names, 33. 

Where Aroostook Begins, 121. 
Polly, The, 160-163-179. 
Pond, 

Rev. Dr. Enoch, 70-140. 

Hon. S. M.. 39. 
Poole, Zenas B., 30. 
Port Royal, N. S.. 66-67-157. 
Porter, Hon. Joseph W., 55-66-141-142. 
Portland, 4. 

Second Parish Church, 9. 
Pownal, Fort, 34-35. 
Prescott, David. 182. 
Prince, A Slave, 17. 
Procter, Thomas, 95. 
Prologue, 25. 

Protestant, First Clergyman in Maine, 26. 
Province Charter, The, 11. 
Puritans, 8. 
Pushaw, 64. 
Putnam, 
Oliver, 190. 
Gen. Rufus, 189. 



216 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



Q 



Quebec, 20. 

Queen Anne's War, 20. 



R 



Ragoet, Fr., 67. 
Rand, 

Rev. Asa, 69. 

Col. John, 79. 
Randall, Benj., 39. 
Rebekah Lodges, I. O. O. F., 87. 
"Red-Paint People" of Maine, 192. 
Revolution, 

First Naval Battle of, 2-157-175. 

First Troops to Leave Maine, 148. 
Revolutionary Soldiers, 16-29-31-77-139-148-168- 
181. 

of Piscataquis County, 77. 
Reynolds, Sylvester, 16. 
Rice, 

Beriah, 181. 

John H., 95. 

R. D., 38. 
Richards, John, 191. 
Richmond's Island, 3-8-11. 
Rines, Capt. Stover, 141-142. 
Robbins, Chandler, 169. 
Robinson, 

Alexander M., 95-134. 

Alice N., 30. 

Charles, 143. 
"Rocks of Champlain," 58-59. 
Rodick's Island, 67. 
Rogers, Geo. W., 30. 
Rollins, Eliphalet S., 30. 
Ropes, George, 39. 
Rose, Joseph, 34. 

Rosier's Narrative, Excerpts from, 50. 
Round Island, 180. 
Rowell, David, 34. 
Royalists, 8-11. 
Rubicon, The (Brook), 177. 
Rust, Nathaniel J., 28. 



Saco, 27. 

St. Albans, 76. 

Centennial, 81. 
St. Castin, Baron, 35. 
St. Florentine, Fr. Elzear de, 67. 
St. Peter's Fort, 67. 
St. Savior. 67. 
Salisbury, Mass., 34. 
Sanger, Calvin, 80. 
Sangerville, 27-32-77-79-196. 
Savage, 

Albert R., 74. 
Letter of. 74. 

Alexander, 72, 

Charles W., 74. 

Eliza M. (Clough), 74. 

James, 145. 

Sir John, 75. 

Nelson, 145. 



Savage, Road, Along the Old, 145. 

Thomas, 74-75. 
Sawyer, Rev. John, 69-139. 
Sayward, Judge Jonathan, 

Extracts From Diary of, 149-150. 
House of, 149. 
Notes on, 148. 
Scarboro, 3-158. 
School, First in Bangor, 34. 
Schoolhouse. Fii-st in Bangor, 35. 
Schooner, 
Franklin, 37. 
Hancock, 37. 
Scott, 

Henry E., 28. 
Jesse, 181. 
John, 181. 
Sebec, 28. 
Sewall, 

Judge David, 148. 
Gen. Henry, 69. 
Rev. Jotham, 69-138. 
Shannon, James N., 182. 
Sheepscot, 49. 
Sheffield, Wm. P., 28. 
Shepard, Rev. G., 38. 
Shirley, 145-146. 
Arthur, 39. 
Gov., 130. 
Simpson, Thomas, 137. 
Slavery, 17-27. 

Slavery, Anti-, Movement in Maine, 38. 
Slaves, 17. 

Slander, Early Case of, 27. 
Smart, 
Hugh, 34. 
John, 34. 
Thomas, 34. 
Smith, 
Albert, 39. 
Daniel, 197. 

Edgar Crosby, 13-29-32-77. 
Rev. John. 72. 
Parson, 8-9-187. 
Soldiers, 
of Aroostook War, 30-31-142. 
of 1812 War, 31. 

Revolutionary, 16-29-31-77-139-148-198-181. 
Souriquois of Nova Scotia, The, 49. 
Southport, N. Y., 16. 
Southwest Harbor, 67. 
Sparhawk, Col., 148. 
Spooner, Clarrissa, 80. 
Daniel, 78-80. 
Leonard, 80. 
Louis, 80. 
Lois, 80. 
Lucretia, 80. 
Paul, 80. 
Ruggles, 78. 
Sarah, 79-80. 
Samuel, 77. 

Stevens, Sketch of, 77. 
William, 77. 
Wing, 78. 
Sprague, 
Abial, 181. 
James, 182. 

John Francis, 32-112-156-157-175. 
Spurwink River, 27. 
State History, Knowledge of, 194. 
Statement of Ownership, 147. 



INDEX 



217 



Stearns, Capt. Ephraim, 79. 
Stephenson, Neptune, 17. 
Stevens, 

Edmund, 179-181. 

Joseph, 78. 
Stickney, 

Paul S., 38. 

Wm. W., 28. 
Stone, 

Benjamin, 151. 

Hannah, 151. 
Stowe, Samuel, 137. 
Strickland, Maj. Hastings, 141. 
Stule, 

John, 181. 

John, Jr.. 182. 
Sunbury, 35. 
Syresne, Fr„ 68. 



Taft, Isaac, 181. 
Talbot, Hon. Geo. F., 188. 
Talleyrand, 189. 
Tapnaquish, The, 183. 
Tarratines, The, 48. 
Tash, Thomas, 95. 
Taylor, Abner, 35. 
Temple, Thomas, 18-19. 
Tenney, Rev. Dr., 10. 
Thatcher, Dea. Geo. A., 138. 
Thaxter, A. H., 34. 
Thomas, John, 182. 
Thomas's Hill, 61. 
Thorne, The, 37. 
Thrasher, Joseph, 156. 
Thurston, 

Rev. Uavid, 39-69-185. 

Rev. S., 39. 
Thury, Abbe Louis P., 67. 
Tiger, The, 183. 
Tolman, David B., 96. 
Tombstone Inscriptions, Gorham, 13. 
Towle, Geo. W., 142. 
Treat, Robert, 34. 
Treat's Falls, 35-58-59-63. 
True, 

Abner, 143. 

Mabel L., 144. 
Tucker, Commodore Samuel, Sketch of, 36. 

Statue of, 38. 
Turner, 

Luther, Jr., 142. 

Nymphas, 143. 
Tyler, Col. Nathan, 79. 



y 



u 



Underv^ood, John, 159. 
Union River, 5-11. 
Unitarianism, 8-9. 
Unity, The, 160-179-180-181-182. 

Crew of, 181. 
Utrecht, Treaty of, 20. 



Vaughan, Daniel D., 95. 

Verona Island, 58. 

Vital Statistics of Monson, 22-52-165. 

Vose, P. H., 58. 



w 



Walsh, Rt. Rev. Louis S., 167. 
Wardlow, Capt., 37, 
Warren, Mrs. Lottie D., 30. 
Washburn, Gov., 6-140. 
Washington, George, 36-37. 
Watkins, Walter K., 28. 
Watts, Samuel, 181. 
Wawenocks, The, 48-49. 
Wayfarer's Notes, 66-li<6-185. 
Webster, Andrew, 34. 
Welch, Moses, 137. 
Wellfleet, Mass., 14. 
Wells, 68. 
Weston, 

Hannah, 179. 

Josiah, 163-181. 

Rebecca, 179. 

Samuel, 152. 

Stephen, 152. 
Weymouth, 

David, 30. 

Samuel, Jr., 30. 
Wheaton, Joseph, 163-181. 
Wheeler, 

Capt. John, 78. 

Dr. Leonard, 149. 
Where Aroostook Begins (Poem), 121. 
Whipple, Commodore, 37. 
Whitehouse, William Penn, 74. 
Whitney, 

Joel, 181. 

Samuel, 181. 
Wilder. Luke. 35. 
Wildey, Thomas, 88. 
Wiley, James S., 95. 
Williams, Rev. Thomas, 186. 
Williamson, 

Henry, 143. 

Joseph, 70. 
Wilson, 145-146. 
Wines, Rev. Abijah, 71-72. 
Winslow, 130. 
Wiswal, Samuel, 190. 

Witham, 

Ebenezer, 30. 

Ward, 142. 
Woman's Suffrage, 29. 
Wood, Ansel J., 143. 
Woodard, Abram, 60. 
Woodbury, Capt. Peter, 78. 
Works, Jacob, 143. 



York, 148. 

York, Old Gaol, 42. 



218 SPR AGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY 



LIST OF PLATES-VoL I 



Old Burnham Tavern, Machias, 


2 


Old Gaol, York. 


42 


Hon. Willis E Parsons. 


84 


David B. Tolman, 


96 


Hon. Martin L. Durgin, 


97 


Fred D. Barrows. 


100 


Hon. Augustus G. Lebroke, 


101 


Hon. John Houston, 


108 


Hon. Millard Metcalf, 


109 



Hon. John F. Sprasrue, 

Louis C. Ford, M. D., 

Fort Halifax, Winslovy, 

Joseph E Foxcroft, 

Machias River, 

Sir William Pepperell, 

The Rubicon, or O'Brien Brook, 

Facsimile from Hutchinson Manuscript, 

The Pepperell House, Kittery, 



112 
118 
130 
150 
162 
174 
177 
20S 
208 



W. L. SAMPSON 
Monumental Works 

Imported and American Granite and 
Marble. Up-to-Date Designs. Pneu- 
matic Tools. ESTABLISHED 1879 
Long Distance Tel., Office 121-2. Res. 121-3 
FOXCROFT, MAINE 
Works, 45 Union Sq., Dover, Maine 

Good Line of Books, 
Magazines and Fine Sta- 
tionery at UNION SQ. 
PHARMACY, the Dover 
and Foxcroft REX ALL 
STORE 

BANGOR 
SAVINGS BANK 

3 STATE STREET 

New Fire-proof Building 

General Savings Accounts 

Loans: Collateral, Real Estate, 

Municipal. Safety Deposit 

Boxes. Bank by Mail. 

Office Hours: 9 A. M. to 3 P. M. 
Saturdays: 9 to 12. 

The Seavey Company 

24 EXCHANGE ST. 
PORTLAND, MAINE 

Blank Books, Loose Leaf 
Goods of every description 

ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS 

1^ BfBO(g^ 38I]A)ING 



WINDSOR HOTEL 

BANGOR, ME. 
EUROPEAN PLAN 

Rooms, $L00 up, Each Person 
Cafe Never Closed 

F. W. DURGIN, Prop. 

STRAW & MARTIN 

Fire Underwriters 

36 Main Street 
GUILFORD, - MAINE 



Books 



New and Old 



We carry in stock a large and 
varied assortment of books, both 
old and new 

Catalogues sent on request 
Correspondence Solicited 
Books Bought 

A. J. HUSTON, 

92 EXCHANGE ST.. 

PORTLAND, ME. 



We have positive evidence of the reliability of the advertisers on these pages 



't 






(/^^\)<^